工農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物在混凝土中的資源化再利用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-13 20:09
【摘要】：近年來綠色混凝土和材料可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念,受到人們?cè)絹碓蕉嗟年P(guān)注。實(shí)現(xiàn)混凝土的綠色化和可持續(xù)化的一個(gè)重要途徑就是減少水泥的用量、利用工農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄資源替代,這不僅有益于生態(tài)環(huán)境,同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了非再生性資源的可循環(huán)利用和有害物質(zhì)的從低排放。已有研究表明,粉煤灰、硅灰、礦渣等工業(yè)廢渣作為混凝土礦物摻合料使用減少了對(duì)環(huán)境和土地的污染,降低了混凝土的成本,而且從某些方面彌補(bǔ)水泥混凝土的性能缺陷,滿足現(xiàn)代混凝土工程的設(shè)計(jì)和要求。為此本文通過試驗(yàn)測試了稻殼灰、磨細(xì)稻殼灰、鋼渣、赤泥粉幾種工農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物作為礦物摻合料取代水泥質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)10%～30%得到的混凝土的宏觀力學(xué)性能、耐久性能和微觀形態(tài),同時(shí)將這幾種工農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物分別與粉煤灰、硅灰二元復(fù)摻取代10%～30%的水泥,得到二元復(fù)摻混凝土的各項(xiàng)性能,從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)層面上對(duì)摻有工農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物的混凝土進(jìn)行了較為綜合和深入的研究。 研究表明,磨細(xì)稻殼灰的摻入會(huì)降低混凝土水化產(chǎn)物的比表面積,提高混凝土內(nèi)部的孔隙率,但孔隙趨向封閉,從而導(dǎo)致稻殼灰混凝土的抗氯離子滲透性隨摻量增加而提高。當(dāng)磨細(xì)稻殼灰以10%的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)取代水泥可以得到高強(qiáng)度高耐久性的混凝土,此時(shí)稻殼灰主要發(fā)揮了微集料效應(yīng)和活性效應(yīng)。鋼渣可以看做活性較低的膠凝組分,水化活性比水泥低,但10%摻量的鋼渣由于其微集料效應(yīng)使混凝土的各項(xiàng)性能有所提高,20%摻量的鋼渣各項(xiàng)性能與普通硅酸鹽混凝土相似。稻殼灰、鋼渣和硅灰的二元復(fù)摻混凝土均可提高材料的強(qiáng)度和耐久性。赤泥單獨(dú)作為礦物摻合料可以得到有色混凝土,由于赤泥的高堿性提高了混凝土水化產(chǎn)物中氫氧化鈣的含量,降低了混凝土的各項(xiàng)性能。同時(shí)赤泥的高堿性對(duì)硅灰、粉煤灰的二次反應(yīng)活性有激發(fā)作用,赤泥和硅灰、粉煤灰的二元復(fù)摻改善了赤泥混凝土中氫氧化鈣的定向取向,提高了混凝土的力學(xué)性能和耐久性,當(dāng)赤泥和粉煤灰以1：3的比例作為復(fù)合礦物摻合料可以最有效地改善混凝土的力學(xué)性能和抗氯離子滲透性。SEM微觀測試結(jié)果表明,混凝土宏觀力學(xué)性能的變化都是微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的變化在宏觀上的反應(yīng),微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的變化規(guī)律與宏觀力學(xué)性能相符。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the concept of sustainable development of green concrete and materials. An important way to realize the greening and sustainability of concrete is to reduce the amount of cement and substitute the waste resources of industry and agriculture, which is not only beneficial to the ecological environment. At the same time, the recycling of non-renewable resources and the emission of harmful substances are realized. Studies have shown that the use of industrial wastes such as fly ash, silica fume and slag as admixtures for concrete minerals reduces environmental and land pollution, reduces the cost of concrete, and makes up for the performance defects of cement concrete in some ways. Meet the design and requirements of modern concrete engineering. In this paper, the macroscopic mechanical properties of concrete obtained by using rice husk ash, fine rice husk ash, steel slag and red mud powder as mineral admixtures to replace 10% cement mass fraction have been tested and tested in this paper. The durability and micromorphology of these industrial and agricultural wastes were mixed with fly ash and silica fume to replace 10% cement, and the properties of binary mixed concrete were obtained. The concrete mixed with industrial and agricultural wastes is studied comprehensively and deeply from macro and micro level. The results show that the specific surface area of concrete hydration products will be reduced and the porosity of concrete will be increased, but the pores tend to be closed, which leads to the increase of chloride permeability of rice husk ash concrete. When grilled rice husk ash replaces cement with 10% mass fraction, the concrete with high strength and durability can be obtained, and the rice husk ash mainly exerts the microaggregate effect and active effect. Steel slag can be regarded as a less active gelling component. The hydration activity is lower than that of cement, but 10% steel slag can improve the properties of concrete because of its micro-aggregate effect. The properties of 20% steel slag are similar to those of ordinary silicate concrete. The strength and durability of rice husk ash, steel slag and silica fume can be improved. The red mud can be used as mineral admixture alone to obtain colored concrete. Because of the high alkalinity of red mud the content of calcium hydroxide in concrete hydration product is increased and the properties of concrete are reduced. At the same time, the high alkalinity of red mud can stimulate the secondary reaction activity of silica fume and fly ash. The binary admixture of red mud, silica fume and fly ash improves the orientation of calcium hydroxide in red mud concrete, and improves the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. When the mixture of red mud and fly ash is used as compound mineral admixture at 1:3, the mechanical properties of concrete and the resistance to chloride ion permeability can be improved most effectively. The results of SEM microcosmic test show that, The change of the macroscopic mechanical properties of concrete is the reaction of the changes of the microstructure in the macroscopic, and the law of the change of the microstructure is consistent with the macroscopic mechanical properties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU528
本文編號(hào)：2377149
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the concept of sustainable development of green concrete and materials. An important way to realize the greening and sustainability of concrete is to reduce the amount of cement and substitute the waste resources of industry and agriculture, which is not only beneficial to the ecological environment. At the same time, the recycling of non-renewable resources and the emission of harmful substances are realized. Studies have shown that the use of industrial wastes such as fly ash, silica fume and slag as admixtures for concrete minerals reduces environmental and land pollution, reduces the cost of concrete, and makes up for the performance defects of cement concrete in some ways. Meet the design and requirements of modern concrete engineering. In this paper, the macroscopic mechanical properties of concrete obtained by using rice husk ash, fine rice husk ash, steel slag and red mud powder as mineral admixtures to replace 10% cement mass fraction have been tested and tested in this paper. The durability and micromorphology of these industrial and agricultural wastes were mixed with fly ash and silica fume to replace 10% cement, and the properties of binary mixed concrete were obtained. The concrete mixed with industrial and agricultural wastes is studied comprehensively and deeply from macro and micro level. The results show that the specific surface area of concrete hydration products will be reduced and the porosity of concrete will be increased, but the pores tend to be closed, which leads to the increase of chloride permeability of rice husk ash concrete. When grilled rice husk ash replaces cement with 10% mass fraction, the concrete with high strength and durability can be obtained, and the rice husk ash mainly exerts the microaggregate effect and active effect. Steel slag can be regarded as a less active gelling component. The hydration activity is lower than that of cement, but 10% steel slag can improve the properties of concrete because of its micro-aggregate effect. The properties of 20% steel slag are similar to those of ordinary silicate concrete. The strength and durability of rice husk ash, steel slag and silica fume can be improved. The red mud can be used as mineral admixture alone to obtain colored concrete. Because of the high alkalinity of red mud the content of calcium hydroxide in concrete hydration product is increased and the properties of concrete are reduced. At the same time, the high alkalinity of red mud can stimulate the secondary reaction activity of silica fume and fly ash. The binary admixture of red mud, silica fume and fly ash improves the orientation of calcium hydroxide in red mud concrete, and improves the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. When the mixture of red mud and fly ash is used as compound mineral admixture at 1:3, the mechanical properties of concrete and the resistance to chloride ion permeability can be improved most effectively. The results of SEM microcosmic test show that, The change of the macroscopic mechanical properties of concrete is the reaction of the changes of the microstructure in the macroscopic, and the law of the change of the microstructure is consistent with the macroscopic mechanical properties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU528
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