【摘要】：商場建筑作為城市中商品買賣的主要場所，在人們生活中扮演著重要的角色。商場出現(xiàn)后經(jīng)歷了社會與經(jīng)濟的多次轉(zhuǎn)變，其形式與功能也發(fā)生了很大的變化。人們在商場中的活動已經(jīng)不局限于物品的買賣，更向著娛樂、休閑、餐飲等多元化的方向發(fā)展。隨著物質(zhì)條件的提高，人們對于現(xiàn)實生活的舒適感、愉悅感的要求也越來越高。而商場面對互相之間的競爭壓力，也都竭力提高自身的消費環(huán)境，從而吸引消費者。 調(diào)查研究表明，商場建筑在提升內(nèi)部環(huán)境質(zhì)量的過程中存在著諸多問題。商場內(nèi)部溫度普遍偏高，相對濕度普遍偏低，另有許多其他因素對人體熱舒適有著不利影響。可見商場管理者在營造一個良好的室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的過程中所做的努力既有不足之處，也存在過猶不及的誤區(qū)。 通過對國內(nèi)外文獻的查閱以及部分實例的考察，認為國內(nèi)關(guān)于嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)商場熱舒適問題的研究較少且不夠深入。 本文首先介紹前人對于熱舒適理論的研究成果，，并闡述嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)冬季氣候的特征及其對當(dāng)?shù)亟ㄖc居民的影響，繼而提出商場建筑在選址、空間形式、圍護結(jié)構(gòu)等各方面的特點以及這些特點對于室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的影響。對商場建筑室內(nèi)與熱環(huán)境相關(guān)的物理環(huán)境因素以及個體差異可能對熱舒適產(chǎn)生的影響進行分析。 在哈爾濱與長春兩座城市的4個大型商場進行物理環(huán)境實測與主觀調(diào)查問卷發(fā)放。根據(jù)所得數(shù)據(jù)分析商場室內(nèi)物理環(huán)境在空間與時間兩個維度上的分布與變化特點，并根據(jù)這些特點總結(jié)商場環(huán)境的優(yōu)勢與不足。通過對調(diào)查問卷結(jié)果與實測數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合的分析，確定嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)商場建筑室內(nèi)空氣的熱中性溫度范圍。討論熱中性與熱舒適之間的關(guān)系，以及受嚴(yán)寒氣候條件影響下人對熱舒適期望值的特點。分析不同個體差異對于熱感受的影響。 通過對熱舒適影響因素的總結(jié)與分析，為嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)商場建筑冬季熱環(huán)境的提升做出指導(dǎo)性策略。
[Abstract]:As the main place of commodity trading in city, market building plays an important role in people's life. After the emergence of shopping malls, social and economic changes have taken place many times, and its forms and functions have also undergone great changes. People's activities in shopping malls are not limited to the sale of goods, but also towards entertainment, leisure, catering and other diversified directions. With the improvement of material conditions, people are demanding more and more comfort and pleasure in real life. In the face of competitive pressure, shopping malls also strive to improve their consumption environment, thereby attracting consumers. The investigation shows that there are many problems in the process of improving the quality of interior environment. The internal temperature of shopping mall is generally high, the relative humidity is generally low, and many other factors have a negative effect on the thermal comfort of human body. It can be seen that the efforts made by store managers in the process of creating a good indoor thermal environment are not only deficient, but also have some misunderstandings. Based on the reference of domestic and foreign literature and the investigation of some examples, it is concluded that the domestic research on the thermal comfort of shopping malls in severe cold areas is less and less thorough. This paper first introduces the previous research results of thermal comfort theory, and expounds the characteristics of winter climate and its influence on local buildings and residents in severe cold areas, and then puts forward the location and spatial form of market buildings. The characteristics of enclosure structure and its influence on indoor thermal environment. The physical environment factors related to thermal environment and the influence of individual differences on thermal comfort are analyzed. Physical environment measurement and subjective questionnaire were carried out in four large shopping malls in Harbin and Changchun. Based on the data obtained, the distribution and variation characteristics of indoor physical environment in shopping malls in two dimensions of space and time are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of market environment are summarized. The thermal neutral temperature range of indoor air in shopping malls in severe cold area was determined by analyzing the results of questionnaire and the measured data. This paper discusses the relationship between thermal neutrality and thermal comfort, and the characteristics of people's expectation of thermal comfort under the influence of cold weather conditions. The effects of individual differences on thermal perception were analyzed. Through summing up and analyzing the influencing factors of thermal comfort, this paper makes a guiding strategy for the promotion of winter thermal environment of shopping malls in severe cold areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU111.191

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