【摘要】：隨著人們對(duì)建筑熱環(huán)境的要求越來越高，建筑耗能與環(huán)境污染所帶來的問題引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。太陽(yáng)能吸收式空調(diào)利用太陽(yáng)光輻射能量驅(qū)動(dòng)制冷，使用時(shí)無污染、能耗低，且具有良好的季節(jié)匹配性，，是一種發(fā)展前景廣闊的制冷方式。本文在實(shí)驗(yàn)室前期對(duì)強(qiáng)化換熱結(jié)構(gòu)以及超聲強(qiáng)化傳質(zhì)的研究基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一種低溫?zé)嵩打?qū)動(dòng)的小型太陽(yáng)能吸收式制冷空調(diào)。本文重點(diǎn)研究了利用超聲強(qiáng)化傳質(zhì)和強(qiáng)化換熱結(jié)構(gòu)的，小型化溴化鋰機(jī)組內(nèi)部傳熱結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，包括機(jī)組熱平衡計(jì)算、傳熱面積、傳熱系數(shù)和結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的計(jì)算；利用TRNSYS太陽(yáng)能瞬態(tài)模擬軟件建立了機(jī)組仿真模型，分析了各主要部件對(duì)機(jī)組性能的影響；開發(fā)了機(jī)組控制系統(tǒng)的硬件部分，并對(duì)機(jī)組控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了初步的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。具體的研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： （1）以華南理工大學(xué)19號(hào)樓配樓101房間為負(fù)載研究對(duì)象，利用課題組開發(fā)的太陽(yáng)能溴化鋰吸收式制冷機(jī)組設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算軟件，確定了機(jī)組的各狀態(tài)參數(shù)，并對(duì)機(jī)組進(jìn)行了熱平衡驗(yàn)算；根據(jù)機(jī)組各狀態(tài)點(diǎn)參數(shù)，對(duì)機(jī)組各傳熱設(shè)備負(fù)荷進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果設(shè)計(jì)了機(jī)組內(nèi)部各傳熱設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)；針對(duì)機(jī)組內(nèi)部各傳熱設(shè)備不同的工作環(huán)境和特點(diǎn)，為不同的傳熱管設(shè)計(jì)了不同的強(qiáng)化傳熱/傳質(zhì)表面結(jié)構(gòu)；最后設(shè)計(jì)了機(jī)組的冷卻塔和太陽(yáng)能集熱、蓄熱系統(tǒng)。 （2）利用太陽(yáng)能瞬態(tài)模擬軟件TRNSYS對(duì)太陽(yáng)能空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了分析。研究了太陽(yáng)能集熱器，蓄熱水箱，吸收式制冷機(jī)組等主要部件對(duì)系統(tǒng)太陽(yáng)能分?jǐn)?shù)，供熱系統(tǒng)的平均效率以及整個(gè)太陽(yáng)能空調(diào)性能的影響。根據(jù)廣州地區(qū)典型氣象年資料，分析了夏季7月份太陽(yáng)能空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的性能表現(xiàn)。 （3）根據(jù)機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)負(fù)荷以及制冷機(jī)的工作參數(shù)不斷變化的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)了機(jī)組的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)機(jī)組控制系統(tǒng)的需求設(shè)計(jì)了控制器，包含模擬量采集、數(shù)據(jù)輸入/輸出、串口通訊，數(shù)碼管顯示等各個(gè)硬件模塊；根據(jù)太陽(yáng)能吸收式制冷機(jī)組的特點(diǎn)，初步設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化了機(jī)組自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)程序。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demands on the thermal environment of buildings, the problems caused by building energy consumption and environmental pollution have aroused widespread concern. Solar absorption air conditioning uses solar radiation energy to drive refrigeration. It has no pollution, low energy consumption and good seasonal matching. It is a promising refrigeration method. Based on the study of enhanced heat transfer structure and ultrasonic enhanced mass transfer in early laboratory, a small solar absorption refrigeration system driven by low temperature heat source is proposed in this paper. This paper focuses on the internal heat transfer structure design of miniaturized lithium bromide units using ultrasonic enhanced mass transfer and enhanced heat transfer structure, including the calculation of heat balance, heat transfer area, heat transfer coefficient and structure size of the unit. The simulation model of the unit is established by using the TRNSYS solar energy transient simulation software, the influence of main components on the unit performance is analyzed, the hardware part of the unit control system is developed, and the preliminary optimization design of the unit control system is carried out. The specific research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) taking Room 101 of Building No. 19 of South China University of Technology as the load research object, the design and calculation software of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit based on solar energy developed by the research group is used. The state parameters of the unit are determined, and the heat balance of the unit is checked. According to the parameters of each state point of the unit, the load of each heat transfer equipment of the unit is calculated, and the structure of the heat transfer equipment inside the unit is designed according to the calculation results. According to the different working environment and characteristics of each heat transfer equipment in the unit, different surface structures of enhanced heat and mass transfer are designed for different heat transfer tubes. Finally, the cooling tower and solar energy collection and heat storage system of the unit are designed. (2) the solar air conditioning system is analyzed by the solar transient simulation software TRNSYS. The effects of main components such as solar collector, storage tank and absorption refrigeration unit on the solar energy fraction, the average efficiency of the heating system and the performance of the whole solar air conditioning system are studied. Based on the data of typical meteorological year in Guangzhou, the performance of solar air conditioning system in July in summer is analyzed. (3) the automatic control system of the unit is designed according to the characteristics of the load when the unit is running and the working parameters of the refrigerator constantly changing. According to the demand of the unit control system, the controller is designed, including analog data acquisition, data input / output, serial communication, digital tube display and other hardware modules. According to the characteristics of solar absorption refrigeration unit, the program of automatic control system is designed and optimized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU831.4

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