【摘要】：推土機(jī)利用工作裝置進(jìn)行土石方作業(yè),性能優(yōu)良的工作裝置對于減輕推土機(jī)整機(jī)重量、提高推土機(jī)工作效率和技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)都具有重要的意義。本文針對某型號推土機(jī)工作裝置在工程作業(yè)中出現(xiàn)的提升油缸頂部鉸點(diǎn)失效現(xiàn)象,主要做了以下幾個方面的工作：1、建立了工作裝置理論計算數(shù)學(xué)模型。選取推土機(jī)工作裝置各桿件間的相對轉(zhuǎn)角為變量參數(shù),推導(dǎo)出了各個構(gòu)件上鉸接點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動軌跡方程。應(yīng)用MATLAB對各鉸點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)進(jìn)行了求解,從而得出了傾斜油缸長度與提升油缸底端鉸點(diǎn)的關(guān)系曲線,進(jìn)而可得到傾斜油缸在任意長度下,提升油缸上下鉸點(diǎn)的位置,計算結(jié)果表明,在任意工況下上、下鉸點(diǎn)的距離均在設(shè)計值范圍內(nèi),機(jī)構(gòu)合理。2、建立了工作裝置虛擬樣機(jī)模型。利用Pro/E軟件對推土機(jī)工作裝置進(jìn)行實(shí)體建模,將建立的實(shí)體模型導(dǎo)入ADAMS軟件中,根據(jù)實(shí)際工況對推土機(jī)工作裝置剛體模型進(jìn)行運(yùn)動學(xué)仿真,從而求得鏟刀和各鉸接點(diǎn)的速度、加速度曲線以及鏟刀的側(cè)傾高度。此外,通過動力學(xué)仿真得到了各鉸接點(diǎn)的受力曲線和提升液壓缸作用力曲線。3、確定典型工況,并對各工況進(jìn)行了實(shí)車試驗(yàn)。通過試驗(yàn)測試得到了推土機(jī)鏟刀處于水平位置、最低位置及最高位置時,傾斜油缸在伸長與收縮工況下該工作裝置中各個桿件的應(yīng)變曲線,進(jìn)而求出各桿件的作用力,將動力學(xué)仿真得到的提升油缸作用力與其進(jìn)行比較,結(jié)果表明,本文所建動力學(xué)模型分析結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果較為吻合,從而驗(yàn)證了所建樣機(jī)模型的正確性。4、建立了工作裝置虛擬樣機(jī)參數(shù)化模型。對推土機(jī)工作裝置提升油缸頂部鉸點(diǎn)的受力情況進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化計算,得到了不同位置下的鉸點(diǎn)作用力曲線,求出了樣機(jī)模型的最優(yōu)解。
[Abstract]:The work device of bulldozer is of great significance to lighten the weight of the bulldozer and to improve the working efficiency and technical and economic index of the bulldozer. In view of the failure of the top hinge of a certain type of bulldozer working device in engineering operation, this paper mainly does the following work: 1, the mathematical model of the working device theory is established. The relative rotation angle between the members of the bulldozer is chosen as the variable parameter and the trajectory equation of the hinged points on each member is derived. The coordinate of each hinge point is solved by using MATLAB, and the relation curve between the length of inclined oil cylinder and the hinge point of bottom end of lift cylinder is obtained, and the position of upper and lower hinge points of inclined cylinder can be obtained under any length. The calculation results show that, Under any working condition, the distance of the lower hinge point is within the range of design value, and the mechanism is reasonable. 2. The virtual prototype model of the working device is established. The solid model of bulldozer working device is modeled by Pro/E software, and the established entity model is imported into ADAMS software, and the rigid body model of bulldozer working device is simulated by kinematics according to the actual working condition. The velocity, acceleration curve and the tilting height of the scraper and each hinge point are obtained. In addition, the force curve of each hinge point and the force curve of the lifting cylinder are obtained by dynamic simulation. 3. The typical working conditions are determined, and the actual vehicle tests are carried out. When the bulldozer blade is in the horizontal position, the lowest position and the highest position, the strain curves of each member of the working device are obtained under the condition of elongation and contraction of the inclined oil cylinder, and the force of each member is obtained. The dynamic simulation results show that the analysis results of the dynamic model are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the correctness of the model is verified. 4. The parameterized model of the virtual prototype of the working device is established. The stress on the top hinge of the hoisting cylinder of the bulldozer is optimized, and the force curve of the hinge is obtained at different positions, and the optimal solution of the prototype model is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU623.5

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