汽水換熱過程計算機控制系統(tǒng)的設計與開發(fā)
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-14 13:17
【摘要】：換熱站是整個供暖環(huán)節(jié)的核心,換熱站的穩(wěn)定、可靠的運行是保證工廠冬季正常生產重要條件,設計和開發(fā)自動控制換熱系統(tǒng)有很重要意義。本文以汽-水換熱過程為研究對象,在國家科技支撐計劃“選礦過程全流程先進控制技術”(2012BAF19G01)和重大自動化工程“酒泉鋼鐵集團公司新建400萬噸鐵選廠綜合自動化系統(tǒng)”的支持下,進行換熱站計算機控制系統(tǒng)設計并開發(fā)。換熱站控制系統(tǒng)的控制目標是保證二次網供水總管溫度穩(wěn)定在設定值,以保證供熱質量。然而換熱系統(tǒng)不僅具有純滯后、大慣性、參數時變等特點,而且換熱過程狀態(tài)參數之間相互干擾,傳統(tǒng)的單回路控制難以快速地消除干擾并維持控制溫度穩(wěn)定。針對以上問題,本文主要工作內容如下：1.提出基于串級控制和前饋-反饋控制的汽水換熱過程控制策略。汽水換熱控制系統(tǒng)最終目的是保證供水溫度和供水壓力穩(wěn)定。由于蒸汽壓力波動對蒸汽流量存在干擾且換熱過程具有多變量、大慣性等特點,因此對供水溫度采用串級控制；補水壓力對供水壓力控制存在干擾,因此對供水壓力采用前饋-反饋控制：建立換熱過程數學模型,最后通過仿真驗證控制策略的可行性。2.設計汽水換熱過程計算機控制系統(tǒng)。分為硬件設計和軟件設計。硬件設計主要針對換熱過程中所需溫度、壓力檢測儀表及執(zhí)行機構進行選型,同時設計系統(tǒng)網絡結構、換熱站內PLC柜、工程師站等。軟件設計主要進行上位機監(jiān)控功能設計包括狀態(tài)監(jiān)控設計、故障報警設計和歷史趨勢設計等；下位機控制功能設計,包括設備啟�？刂圃O計、回路控制設計和聯(lián)鎖控制設計等；最后對通訊功能進行設計。3.汽水換熱過程計算機控制系統(tǒng)軟件開發(fā)。主要針對控制系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)監(jiān)視功能、故障報警功能和歷史趨勢等功能,通過RSview32軟件,進行上位機監(jiān)控軟件系統(tǒng)開發(fā)；針對設備啟停控制功能、回路控制功能和聯(lián)鎖控制等功能,通過RSlogix5000軟件,進行下位機控制操作功能軟件的開發(fā)。最后對通訊軟件進行配置。4.汽水換熱過程計算機控制系統(tǒng)功能驗證。以實際工程為背景,通過實際控制系統(tǒng)運行結果,對計算機控制系統(tǒng)進行監(jiān)控管理功能和設備操作功能的驗證。
[Abstract]:The heat exchange station is the core of the whole heating link. The stable and reliable operation of the heat exchange station is an important condition to ensure the normal production of the factory in winter. It is of great significance to design and develop the automatic control heat transfer system. In this paper, the steam-water heat transfer process is studied. Supported by the National Science and Technology support Plan "Advanced Control Technology for the whole process of Ore dressing" (2012BAF19G01) and the major automation project "Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group Company, a new 4 million ton iron separation plant comprehensive automation system", Design and develop the computer control system of heat exchange station. The control goal of the heat exchange station control system is to ensure that the temperature of the secondary network water supply main pipe is stable at the set value, so as to ensure the heating quality. However, the heat transfer system not only has the characteristics of pure lag, large inertia and time-varying parameters, but also interferes with each other among the state parameters of the heat transfer process. The traditional single-loop control is difficult to eliminate the disturbance and maintain the control temperature stability quickly. In view of the above problems, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1. A control strategy for steam and water heat transfer process based on cascade control and feedforward-feedback control is proposed. The ultimate purpose of the steam-water exchange control system is to ensure the stability of water supply temperature and water supply pressure. Because steam pressure fluctuation interferes with steam flow rate and heat transfer process has the characteristics of multivariable and large inertia, cascade control is adopted for water supply temperature, and supplementary water pressure interferes with water supply pressure control. Therefore, feedforward feedback control is used to control the water supply pressure. The mathematical model of heat transfer process is established. Finally, the feasibility of the control strategy is verified by simulation. 2. The computer control system of steam-water heat transfer process is designed. It is divided into hardware design and software design. The hardware design is mainly aimed at the selection of temperature, pressure measuring instruments and actuators needed in the heat transfer process. At the same time, the network structure of the system, the PLC cabinets in the heat transfer station, the engineer station and so on are designed. The software design mainly includes the status monitoring design, fault alarm design and historical trend design, the lower computer control function design, including equipment start and stop control design, loop control design and interlock control design, etc. Finally, the communication function is designed. 3. Software development of computer control system for steam-water heat transfer process. Aiming at the monitoring function of control system status, the function of fault alarm and historical trend, the development of monitoring software system of upper computer through RSview32 software, the function of starting and stopping control function of equipment, the function of loop control and interlocking control, etc. Through the RSlogix5000 software, the development of the lower computer control function software. Finally, the communication software configuration. 4. Function verification of computer control system for steam-water heat transfer process. Based on the actual engineering, the computer control system is verified by monitoring and management function and equipment operation function through the operation result of the actual control system.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU995
本文編號：2270576
[Abstract]:The heat exchange station is the core of the whole heating link. The stable and reliable operation of the heat exchange station is an important condition to ensure the normal production of the factory in winter. It is of great significance to design and develop the automatic control heat transfer system. In this paper, the steam-water heat transfer process is studied. Supported by the National Science and Technology support Plan "Advanced Control Technology for the whole process of Ore dressing" (2012BAF19G01) and the major automation project "Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group Company, a new 4 million ton iron separation plant comprehensive automation system", Design and develop the computer control system of heat exchange station. The control goal of the heat exchange station control system is to ensure that the temperature of the secondary network water supply main pipe is stable at the set value, so as to ensure the heating quality. However, the heat transfer system not only has the characteristics of pure lag, large inertia and time-varying parameters, but also interferes with each other among the state parameters of the heat transfer process. The traditional single-loop control is difficult to eliminate the disturbance and maintain the control temperature stability quickly. In view of the above problems, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1. A control strategy for steam and water heat transfer process based on cascade control and feedforward-feedback control is proposed. The ultimate purpose of the steam-water exchange control system is to ensure the stability of water supply temperature and water supply pressure. Because steam pressure fluctuation interferes with steam flow rate and heat transfer process has the characteristics of multivariable and large inertia, cascade control is adopted for water supply temperature, and supplementary water pressure interferes with water supply pressure control. Therefore, feedforward feedback control is used to control the water supply pressure. The mathematical model of heat transfer process is established. Finally, the feasibility of the control strategy is verified by simulation. 2. The computer control system of steam-water heat transfer process is designed. It is divided into hardware design and software design. The hardware design is mainly aimed at the selection of temperature, pressure measuring instruments and actuators needed in the heat transfer process. At the same time, the network structure of the system, the PLC cabinets in the heat transfer station, the engineer station and so on are designed. The software design mainly includes the status monitoring design, fault alarm design and historical trend design, the lower computer control function design, including equipment start and stop control design, loop control design and interlock control design, etc. Finally, the communication function is designed. 3. Software development of computer control system for steam-water heat transfer process. Aiming at the monitoring function of control system status, the function of fault alarm and historical trend, the development of monitoring software system of upper computer through RSview32 software, the function of starting and stopping control function of equipment, the function of loop control and interlocking control, etc. Through the RSlogix5000 software, the development of the lower computer control function software. Finally, the communication software configuration. 4. Function verification of computer control system for steam-water heat transfer process. Based on the actual engineering, the computer control system is verified by monitoring and management function and equipment operation function through the operation result of the actual control system.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU995
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前2條
1 李新剛;集中供熱熱力站微機監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設計[J];電力學報;2000年04期
2 王鳴;一種換熱器的變PID參數的控制方法及實現(xiàn)[J];機電工程;2001年03期
相關碩士學位論文 前1條
1 陳瑜;自整定PID控制技術在供熱系統(tǒng)中的應用[D];山東大學;2005年
，本文編號：2270576
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/sgjslw/2270576.html
