【摘要】：換熱站是整個(gè)供暖環(huán)節(jié)的核心,換熱站的穩(wěn)定、可靠的運(yùn)行是保證工廠冬季正常生產(chǎn)重要條件,設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)自動(dòng)控制換熱系統(tǒng)有很重要意義。本文以汽-水換熱過程為研究對(duì)象,在國家科技支撐計(jì)劃“選礦過程全流程先進(jìn)控制技術(shù)”(2012BAF19G01)和重大自動(dòng)化工程“酒泉鋼鐵集團(tuán)公司新建400萬噸鐵選廠綜合自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)”的支持下,進(jìn)行換熱站計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)并開發(fā)。換熱站控制系統(tǒng)的控制目標(biāo)是保證二次網(wǎng)供水總管溫度穩(wěn)定在設(shè)定值,以保證供熱質(zhì)量。然而換熱系統(tǒng)不僅具有純滯后、大慣性、參數(shù)時(shí)變等特點(diǎn),而且換熱過程狀態(tài)參數(shù)之間相互干擾,傳統(tǒng)的單回路控制難以快速地消除干擾并維持控制溫度穩(wěn)定。針對(duì)以上問題,本文主要工作內(nèi)容如下：1.提出基于串級(jí)控制和前饋-反饋控制的汽水換熱過程控制策略。汽水換熱控制系統(tǒng)最終目的是保證供水溫度和供水壓力穩(wěn)定。由于蒸汽壓力波動(dòng)對(duì)蒸汽流量存在干擾且換熱過程具有多變量、大慣性等特點(diǎn),因此對(duì)供水溫度采用串級(jí)控制；補(bǔ)水壓力對(duì)供水壓力控制存在干擾,因此對(duì)供水壓力采用前饋-反饋控制：建立換熱過程數(shù)學(xué)模型,最后通過仿真驗(yàn)證控制策略的可行性。2.設(shè)計(jì)汽水換熱過程計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。分為硬件設(shè)計(jì)和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。硬件設(shè)計(jì)主要針對(duì)換熱過程中所需溫度、壓力檢測儀表及執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行選型,同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)、換熱站內(nèi)PLC柜、工程師站等。軟件設(shè)計(jì)主要進(jìn)行上位機(jī)監(jiān)控功能設(shè)計(jì)包括狀態(tài)監(jiān)控設(shè)計(jì)、故障報(bào)警設(shè)計(jì)和歷史趨勢設(shè)計(jì)等；下位機(jī)控制功能設(shè)計(jì),包括設(shè)備啟�？刂圃O(shè)計(jì)、回路控制設(shè)計(jì)和聯(lián)鎖控制設(shè)計(jì)等；最后對(duì)通訊功能進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。3.汽水換熱過程計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)軟件開發(fā)。主要針對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)監(jiān)視功能、故障報(bào)警功能和歷史趨勢等功能,通過RSview32軟件,進(jìn)行上位機(jī)監(jiān)控軟件系統(tǒng)開發(fā)；針對(duì)設(shè)備啟�？刂乒δ�、回路控制功能和聯(lián)鎖控制等功能,通過RSlogix5000軟件,進(jìn)行下位機(jī)控制操作功能軟件的開發(fā)。最后對(duì)通訊軟件進(jìn)行配置。4.汽水換熱過程計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)功能驗(yàn)證。以實(shí)際工程為背景,通過實(shí)際控制系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行結(jié)果,對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控管理功能和設(shè)備操作功能的驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:The heat exchange station is the core of the whole heating link. The stable and reliable operation of the heat exchange station is an important condition to ensure the normal production of the factory in winter. It is of great significance to design and develop the automatic control heat transfer system. In this paper, the steam-water heat transfer process is studied. Supported by the National Science and Technology support Plan "Advanced Control Technology for the whole process of Ore dressing" (2012BAF19G01) and the major automation project "Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group Company, a new 4 million ton iron separation plant comprehensive automation system", Design and develop the computer control system of heat exchange station. The control goal of the heat exchange station control system is to ensure that the temperature of the secondary network water supply main pipe is stable at the set value, so as to ensure the heating quality. However, the heat transfer system not only has the characteristics of pure lag, large inertia and time-varying parameters, but also interferes with each other among the state parameters of the heat transfer process. The traditional single-loop control is difficult to eliminate the disturbance and maintain the control temperature stability quickly. In view of the above problems, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1. A control strategy for steam and water heat transfer process based on cascade control and feedforward-feedback control is proposed. The ultimate purpose of the steam-water exchange control system is to ensure the stability of water supply temperature and water supply pressure. Because steam pressure fluctuation interferes with steam flow rate and heat transfer process has the characteristics of multivariable and large inertia, cascade control is adopted for water supply temperature, and supplementary water pressure interferes with water supply pressure control. Therefore, feedforward feedback control is used to control the water supply pressure. The mathematical model of heat transfer process is established. Finally, the feasibility of the control strategy is verified by simulation. 2. The computer control system of steam-water heat transfer process is designed. It is divided into hardware design and software design. The hardware design is mainly aimed at the selection of temperature, pressure measuring instruments and actuators needed in the heat transfer process. At the same time, the network structure of the system, the PLC cabinets in the heat transfer station, the engineer station and so on are designed. The software design mainly includes the status monitoring design, fault alarm design and historical trend design, the lower computer control function design, including equipment start and stop control design, loop control design and interlock control design, etc. Finally, the communication function is designed. 3. Software development of computer control system for steam-water heat transfer process. Aiming at the monitoring function of control system status, the function of fault alarm and historical trend, the development of monitoring software system of upper computer through RSview32 software, the function of starting and stopping control function of equipment, the function of loop control and interlocking control, etc. Through the RSlogix5000 software, the development of the lower computer control function software. Finally, the communication software configuration. 4. Function verification of computer control system for steam-water heat transfer process. Based on the actual engineering, the computer control system is verified by monitoring and management function and equipment operation function through the operation result of the actual control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU995

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本文編號(hào)：2270576