【摘要】：即使電梯已被廣泛應(yīng)用于高層框架結(jié)構(gòu)體系,但樓梯結(jié)構(gòu)作為建筑房屋的豎向垂直交通通道,其重要性在高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)中卻是不言而喻。在歷次的震后調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn),在很多主體高層框架結(jié)構(gòu)完好的情況下,樓梯及樓梯間卻遭到了嚴(yán)重的破壞。使得本身?yè)?dān)任逃生角色的樓梯,并未在自然災(zāi)害面前發(fā)揮其應(yīng)急安全疏散的功能。汶川地震和玉樹(shù)大地震后,國(guó)內(nèi)的專家學(xué)者發(fā)表的一系列文章中說(shuō)明在框架結(jié)構(gòu)中,樓梯的存在改變了整體結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度分布,使得與樓梯相連的主要結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的受力狀態(tài)和整體變形出現(xiàn)了明顯變化,樓梯對(duì)整體結(jié)構(gòu)的空間工作性能影響較大。因此,建設(shè)部2008年7月在《建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GB50011-2010)中第3.6.6條明確提出：“計(jì)算模型的建立、必要的簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算與處理,應(yīng)符合結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)際工作狀況,計(jì)算中應(yīng)考慮樓梯構(gòu)件的影響”。本文在總結(jié)歷次地震中樓梯間震害的基礎(chǔ)上,以一棟10層鋼筋混凝土高層框架結(jié)構(gòu)為研究對(duì)象,利用有限元結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)分析軟件ETABS分別建立了有無(wú)樓梯模型和樓梯布置在不同位置的高層框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型,并利用振型分解反應(yīng)譜法和時(shí)程分析法對(duì)各模型進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析。結(jié)果顯示：樓梯對(duì)高層框架結(jié)構(gòu)的自振特性、整體變形及框架構(gòu)件的內(nèi)力影響較大；樓梯結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件(梯段板、梯柱、平臺(tái)梁)在水平雙向地震作用下的受力及整體變形均有明顯改變,同時(shí)順梯段板布置(Y)方向的地震作用影響較垂直梯段板布置(X)方向大;樓梯位置的變化對(duì)高層框架結(jié)構(gòu)的自振特性、整體變形和受力狀態(tài)均有較大的影響；歸納總結(jié)研究成果針對(duì)性的提出樓梯設(shè)計(jì)的建議。
[Abstract]:Even though elevators have been widely used in high-rise frame structure system, the importance of staircase structure, as the vertical traffic passage of the building, is self-evident in the high-rise building structure. In the past post-earthquake investigation, it is found that the staircase and stairwell have been severely damaged under the condition that many main high-rise frame structures are intact. The staircase, which acts as an escape role, does not play its emergency evacuation function in the face of natural disasters. After the Wenchuan earthquake and the Yushu earthquake, a series of articles published by domestic experts and scholars showed that in the frame structure, the existence of stairs changed the stiffness distribution of the whole structure. The stress state and overall deformation of the main structural members connected with the staircase are obviously changed, and the stair has a great influence on the spatial working performance of the whole structure. Therefore, in July 2008, the Ministry of Construction clearly stated in the Code for aseismic Design of buildings (GB50011-2010) that: "the establishment of the calculation model, the necessary simplified calculation and treatment, should conform to the actual working conditions of the structure," The influence of staircase members should be taken into account in the calculation. " On the basis of summing up the earthquake damage of staircase in previous earthquakes, this paper takes a 10-story reinforced concrete high-rise frame structure as the research object. Using the finite element structural design analysis software ETABS, the model of tall frame structure with or without staircase and stair arrangement in different positions is established, and the modal decomposition response spectrum method and time-history analysis method are used to calculate and analyze each model. The results show that the staircase has a great influence on the natural vibration characteristics, integral deformation and internal force of the frame members. The stress and deformation of platform beam under horizontal and bidirectional earthquake are obviously changed, and the seismic effect of (Y) direction along the ladder section is greater than that of the vertical (X) direction. The change of stair position has great influence on the natural vibration characteristics, overall deformation and stress state of high-rise frame structure, and summarizes the research results and puts forward some suggestions for staircase design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU973.15;TU973.31

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本文編號(hào)：2176966