【摘要】：電錘是一種常見(jiàn)的在混凝土、磚墻等脆性材料上鉆鑿成孔的手持電動(dòng)工具，通過(guò)沖擊部件之間的撞擊產(chǎn)生峰值極大的力脈沖，，是一類(lèi)典型的沖擊機(jī)械。電錘的沖擊部件在撞擊方向的尺寸比橫向尺寸大得多，其工作過(guò)程中的撞擊問(wèn)題只有應(yīng)用波動(dòng)力學(xué)理論才能獲得滿意的解釋。因此應(yīng)用波動(dòng)力學(xué)理論對(duì)電錘撞擊過(guò)程進(jìn)行研究，具有極為重要的理論意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。 本文應(yīng)用波動(dòng)力學(xué)理論，圍繞電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)開(kāi)展研究工作，主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）應(yīng)用波動(dòng)力學(xué)理論，建立由彈性桿、非線性彈簧組成的電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型；提出電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)數(shù)值計(jì)算方法；編制電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)數(shù)值模擬程序MSIS.M。 （2）搭建電錘沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)以測(cè)試鉆頭中的應(yīng)力波信號(hào)；針對(duì)沖擊信號(hào)持續(xù)時(shí)間短、變化快等特點(diǎn)，對(duì)實(shí)測(cè)應(yīng)力波信號(hào)進(jìn)行消除趨勢(shì)項(xiàng)和小波包去噪等預(yù)處理。 （3）針對(duì)沖擊系統(tǒng)中撞擊面特征參數(shù)難以確定的問(wèn)題，提出基于相關(guān)系數(shù)法的參數(shù)辨識(shí)方法；并將該方法應(yīng)用到電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)撞擊面特征參數(shù)辨識(shí)中。 （4）通過(guò)比較鉆頭中兩個(gè)截面應(yīng)力波的實(shí)驗(yàn)波形與模擬波形，驗(yàn)證電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)數(shù)值模擬程序MSIS.M的有效性。 （5）應(yīng)用電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)數(shù)值模擬程序MSIS.M，探討沖錘、鉆頭、工作介質(zhì)之間的匹配關(guān)系，并根據(jù)應(yīng)力波的傳播規(guī)律對(duì)鉆頭結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，提高電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)的鑿入效率。 本文研究工作為電錘沖擊系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和電錘的選用提供了一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Electric hammer is a kind of common hand-held electric tool which drilled holes in brittle materials such as concrete and brick wall. It produces maximum peak force pulse by impact between impact parts. It is a kind of typical impact machinery. The dimension of the impact parts in the impact direction is much larger than that in the transverse direction. The impact problem in the working process can only be explained satisfactorily by applying the theory of wave mechanics. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the impact process of electric hammer by using wave mechanics theory. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) by using wave mechanics theory, the dynamic model of electric hammer impact system is established, which is composed of elastic rod and nonlinear spring. The numerical calculation method of electric hammer impact system is put forward, and the numerical simulation program MSIS.M.2. (2) the electric hammer impact test system is set up to test the stress wave signal in the bit, aiming at the characteristics of short duration and fast change of the impact signal. The signal of measured stress wave is pretreated with eliminating trend term and wavelet packet denoising. (3) aiming at the problem that the characteristic parameters of impact surface are difficult to determine in impact system, a parameter identification method based on correlation coefficient method is proposed. The method is applied to the identification of the characteristic parameters of the impact surface of the hammer impact system. (4) the experimental and simulated waveforms of the two cross-section stress waves in the bit are compared. The validity of the numerical simulation program MSIS.M for electric hammer impact system is verified. (5) the matching relationship among hammer, bit and working medium is discussed by using the numerical simulation program MSIS.Mof electric hammer impact system. According to the propagation law of stress wave, the structure of drill bit is optimized to improve the penetration efficiency of hammer impact system. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the design of hammer impact system and the selection of electric hammer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU631

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