濕熱地區(qū)旅游景區(qū)微氣候舒適度研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-17 08:26
【摘要】：旅游氣候舒適度是影響旅游活動的重要方面。不同的季節(jié),游客選擇的旅游景區(qū)不同,在景區(qū)的活動行為也不同。同一景區(qū)同一季節(jié),微氣候舒適度不同,游客游憩行為也會不同。部分景區(qū)部分景點采用機械設備調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)微氣候舒適度以招徠游客,這種做法一方面增加了景區(qū)的能耗和運營成本,另一方面更是惡化了室外熱環(huán)境,也沒能滿足游客實現(xiàn)到景區(qū)接觸自然的戶外宜人氣候環(huán)境的愿望。因此,適應或調(diào)節(jié)改善景區(qū)微氣候環(huán)境,規(guī)劃設計自然、健康、宜人的旅游景觀是旅游景區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必由之路。 國內(nèi)外均已認識到旅游舒適氣候?qū)β糜伍_發(fā)經(jīng)營的重要意義,特別是旅游景區(qū)微氣候改善的重要性,但具體的相關研究甚少。在調(diào)研國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎上,確定了本文的工作內(nèi)容和工作重點,并取得研究成果： 第一,旅游景區(qū)戶外微氣候舒適度評價方法。通過對比研究國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有的微氣候評價方法,根據(jù)游客在景區(qū)的活動多在戶外環(huán)境進行的現(xiàn)狀,力求評價指標通用實際,避免過于復雜,本文提出了景區(qū)戶外微氣候舒適度的綜合評價指標和微氣候舒適度分級：利用WBGT指標評價景區(qū)夏季微氣候舒適度,利用TS指標景區(qū)春秋和冬季微氣候舒適度。景區(qū)微氣候舒適度分為7很冷、較冷、冷、舒適、熱、較熱、很熱等7級,每一級都與具體的舒適度值范圍相對應。 第二,在上述研究基礎上,進行旅游景區(qū)微氣候舒適度區(qū)劃研究,并以四川省旅游景區(qū)為例進行微氣候區(qū)劃：WBGT值和TS值為一級區(qū)劃指標,將四川省旅游景區(qū)分成3個氣候分區(qū),將濕度和溫度作為輔助二級區(qū)劃指標,在此基礎上進一步將四川省劃分為5個氣候分區(qū)：干冷區(qū)、濕冷區(qū)、夏熱冬冷型濕熱區(qū)、夏熱冬暖型濕熱區(qū)和溫和區(qū),并界定各氣候區(qū)劃地理范圍。 四川省旅游景區(qū)5個微氣候區(qū)中,冬冷夏熱型濕熱景區(qū)氣候條件最復雜,適應氣候的景觀規(guī)劃設計最困難。同時,該氣候區(qū)中的旅游景區(qū)數(shù)量最多,等級最高,游客流量最大。因此,選擇冬冷夏熱型濕熱景區(qū)作為研究對象具有代表型。 第三,分析微氣候舒適度與景區(qū)游客行為的相關性,提出濕熱景區(qū)游客在景區(qū)活動的微氣候舒適度閾值,為景區(qū)從游客角度營造舒適的景觀微環(huán)境提供技術參照體系。 本文以勒溫的環(huán)境行為理論為出發(fā)點,研究在冬冷夏熱型熱濕景區(qū)——成都市杜甫草堂景區(qū)中,游客在微氣候環(huán)境中的游憩行為與微氣候舒適度的關系,從游客的角度探討適宜旅游活動的微氣候舒適度閾值。通過微氣候參數(shù)實測,游客游憩行為“注記”和調(diào)查問卷等資料綜合研究景區(qū)微氣候舒適度與游客行為的相關性得出：影響游客行為的微氣候舒適度的閾值是：夏季,微氣候舒適度閾值是(WBGT值)30℃：春秋季和冬季,微氣候舒適度的閾值是(TS值)2℃。 第四,集中研究濕熱景區(qū)地面鋪裝、植物、水體和構筑物等不同景觀要素類型在不同季節(jié)對微氣候舒適度的影響,研究結果為景區(qū)規(guī)劃中適應微氣候舒適度的景觀要素規(guī)劃設計提供理論依據(jù)和技術支持。 第五,以彭州市董坪村為例,研究冬冷夏熱型濕熱鄉(xiāng)村旅游景區(qū)中,面向微氣候舒適度改善的鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)旅游景觀規(guī)劃建設。規(guī)劃前和建成后的實地調(diào)研觀測分析表明：從使用客體的角度出發(fā),利用植物、水、道路和建筑等景觀要素來規(guī)劃鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)旅游景觀,改善場地微氣候舒適度是相對簡單和低成本的有效方法和策略,體現(xiàn)人本主義。
[Abstract]:The comfort degree of tourism climate is an important aspect of the tourism activities. Different seasons, tourists choose different scenic spots and different activities in the scenic spots. The same season, the same season, the micro climate is different, the tourists' recreation behavior will be different. Some scenic spots in some scenic spots adjust the indoor microclimate comfort by mechanical equipment. To attract tourists, this approach increases the energy consumption and operation cost of scenic spots on the one hand, on the other hand, it worsens the outdoor thermal environment, and does not meet the tourists' desire to reach the natural and pleasant climate in the scenic spots. Therefore, it is suitable to adapt or adjust the micro climate environment in the scenic area and to plan and design a natural, healthy and pleasant tourist landscape. It is the only way for the sustainable development of tourist attractions.
Both at home and abroad have realized the importance of tourist comfort climate to tourism development and management, especially the importance of microclimate improvement in tourist attractions, but few specific related studies have been made. On the basis of research status at home and abroad, the work content and focus of this paper are determined, and the research results are obtained.
First, the evaluation method of outdoor microclimate comfortableness of tourist attractions. By comparing and studying the existing microclimate evaluation methods at home and abroad, according to the current situation of tourists in the outdoor environment in the scenic area, we try to evaluate the general practice of the indicators and avoid the complexity. This paper puts forward the comprehensive evaluation index of the outdoor microclimate comfort in the scenic area. Microclimate comfort classification: using WBGT index to evaluate the summer microclimate comfort of scenic spots, using TS indicators in spring and autumn and winter microclimate comfort. The micro climate comfort of scenic spots is divided into 7 cold, cold, cold, comfortable, hot, hot, and so on 7 levels, each level is corresponding to the specific range of comfort.
Second, on the basis of the above research, the microclimate regionalization of tourist attractions is studied, and the microclimate zoning is carried out in Sichuan tourist attractions as an example. The WBGT value and TS value are the first grade division index, and the tourist attractions in Sichuan are divided into 3 climatic zones, and the humidity and temperature are used as the auxiliary two level zoning indexes. On this basis, further will be made. Sichuan province is divided into 5 climatic zones: dry and cold area, wet cold zone, summer hot winter and cold hot zone, summer hot winter warm wet hot zone and mild zone, and define the geographical range of each climate zoning.
In the 5 microclimate zones of Sichuan tourist attractions, the climate conditions are the most complicated in the winter cold summer hot hot spots, and the landscape planning and design to adapt to the climate is the most difficult. At the same time, the number of scenic spots in the climate area is the most, the grade is the highest, and the tourist flow is the most. Therefore, the selection of winter cold summer hot hot hot spots is the representative type.
Third, the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior of the scenic spots is analyzed, and the threshold of the microclimate comfort of tourists in the scenic area is proposed, which provides a technical reference system for the scenic spots to create a comfortable landscape microenvironment from the tourist point of view.
Taking Lewin's environmental behavior theory as the starting point, this paper studies the relationship between tourists' recreation behavior and the microclimate comfort in the scenic spot of Chengdu city Du Fu Thatched Cottage in the winter cold summer hot hot and humid scenic spot, and discusses the threshold of the microclimate comfort degree from the tourist's point of view. Through the measurement of microclimate parameters, tourists are measured. The correlation of the recreation behavior "note" and the survey questionnaire synthetically studies the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior. The threshold of the microclimate comfort affecting the tourist behavior is: the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (WBGT) 30: the spring and autumn season and the winter, the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (TS) 2.
Fourth, focus on the influence of different landscape elements such as ground pavement, plant, water body and structure on the microclimate comfort in different seasons. The results provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the landscape elements planning and design adapted to the micro climate comfort in the scenic area planning.
Fifth, taking the Dong Ping village of Pengzhou as an example, this paper studies the rural ecotourism landscape planning and construction for the improvement of the microclimate comfort in the wet and hot rural tourist attractions in the winter cold summer heat type. The field survey and analysis before and after the planning show that the landscape elements such as the use of plants, water, roads and buildings are planned from the angle of the use of the object. It is a relatively simple and low cost effective method and strategy to improve the comfort of rural ecotourism landscape, which embodies humanism.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU984.18;P463
本文編號：2129796
[Abstract]:The comfort degree of tourism climate is an important aspect of the tourism activities. Different seasons, tourists choose different scenic spots and different activities in the scenic spots. The same season, the same season, the micro climate is different, the tourists' recreation behavior will be different. Some scenic spots in some scenic spots adjust the indoor microclimate comfort by mechanical equipment. To attract tourists, this approach increases the energy consumption and operation cost of scenic spots on the one hand, on the other hand, it worsens the outdoor thermal environment, and does not meet the tourists' desire to reach the natural and pleasant climate in the scenic spots. Therefore, it is suitable to adapt or adjust the micro climate environment in the scenic area and to plan and design a natural, healthy and pleasant tourist landscape. It is the only way for the sustainable development of tourist attractions.
Both at home and abroad have realized the importance of tourist comfort climate to tourism development and management, especially the importance of microclimate improvement in tourist attractions, but few specific related studies have been made. On the basis of research status at home and abroad, the work content and focus of this paper are determined, and the research results are obtained.
First, the evaluation method of outdoor microclimate comfortableness of tourist attractions. By comparing and studying the existing microclimate evaluation methods at home and abroad, according to the current situation of tourists in the outdoor environment in the scenic area, we try to evaluate the general practice of the indicators and avoid the complexity. This paper puts forward the comprehensive evaluation index of the outdoor microclimate comfort in the scenic area. Microclimate comfort classification: using WBGT index to evaluate the summer microclimate comfort of scenic spots, using TS indicators in spring and autumn and winter microclimate comfort. The micro climate comfort of scenic spots is divided into 7 cold, cold, cold, comfortable, hot, hot, and so on 7 levels, each level is corresponding to the specific range of comfort.
Second, on the basis of the above research, the microclimate regionalization of tourist attractions is studied, and the microclimate zoning is carried out in Sichuan tourist attractions as an example. The WBGT value and TS value are the first grade division index, and the tourist attractions in Sichuan are divided into 3 climatic zones, and the humidity and temperature are used as the auxiliary two level zoning indexes. On this basis, further will be made. Sichuan province is divided into 5 climatic zones: dry and cold area, wet cold zone, summer hot winter and cold hot zone, summer hot winter warm wet hot zone and mild zone, and define the geographical range of each climate zoning.
In the 5 microclimate zones of Sichuan tourist attractions, the climate conditions are the most complicated in the winter cold summer hot hot spots, and the landscape planning and design to adapt to the climate is the most difficult. At the same time, the number of scenic spots in the climate area is the most, the grade is the highest, and the tourist flow is the most. Therefore, the selection of winter cold summer hot hot hot spots is the representative type.
Third, the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior of the scenic spots is analyzed, and the threshold of the microclimate comfort of tourists in the scenic area is proposed, which provides a technical reference system for the scenic spots to create a comfortable landscape microenvironment from the tourist point of view.
Taking Lewin's environmental behavior theory as the starting point, this paper studies the relationship between tourists' recreation behavior and the microclimate comfort in the scenic spot of Chengdu city Du Fu Thatched Cottage in the winter cold summer hot hot and humid scenic spot, and discusses the threshold of the microclimate comfort degree from the tourist's point of view. Through the measurement of microclimate parameters, tourists are measured. The correlation of the recreation behavior "note" and the survey questionnaire synthetically studies the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior. The threshold of the microclimate comfort affecting the tourist behavior is: the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (WBGT) 30: the spring and autumn season and the winter, the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (TS) 2.
Fourth, focus on the influence of different landscape elements such as ground pavement, plant, water body and structure on the microclimate comfort in different seasons. The results provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the landscape elements planning and design adapted to the micro climate comfort in the scenic area planning.
Fifth, taking the Dong Ping village of Pengzhou as an example, this paper studies the rural ecotourism landscape planning and construction for the improvement of the microclimate comfort in the wet and hot rural tourist attractions in the winter cold summer heat type. The field survey and analysis before and after the planning show that the landscape elements such as the use of plants, water, roads and buildings are planned from the angle of the use of the object. It is a relatively simple and low cost effective method and strategy to improve the comfort of rural ecotourism landscape, which embodies humanism.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU984.18;P463
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