發(fā)布時間：2018-07-12 12:39

  本文選題：矩張量 + 巖石破裂　； 參考：《東北大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：巖石是典型的具有非均勻性的脆性材料,內(nèi)部富含各種缺陷(微裂紋、孔隙、節(jié)理裂隙等)。巖體變形破壞過程的實質(zhì)是巖石中裂紋的萌生、擴展、相互作用和貫通的過程。開展巖石聲發(fā)射試驗研究,觀測巖石內(nèi)部微裂紋時空演化規(guī)律,對于巖石失穩(wěn)破壞機制的研究、礦山地壓災(zāi)害的預(yù)測預(yù)報具有十分重要的意義。對于巖石破壞機制的研究,僅僅知道微裂紋的時空分布特征是遠遠不夠的,如果從本質(zhì)上研究裂紋的演化機制,還需要知道裂紋的產(chǎn)生類型和滑移方向及其時空演化規(guī)律,這樣才能更深層次的了解微裂紋之間的相互作用和擴展、貫通機制,而矩張量理論可以為這方面的研究提供一種有效的手段。論文主要針對以上提出的問題展開,研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)采用自回歸模型理論和AIC判據(jù)實現(xiàn)了聲發(fā)射信號到時的提取,合理布置傳感器陣列以滿足聲發(fā)射定位精度的要求；基于CAD二次開發(fā)實現(xiàn)了聲發(fā)射事件定位、震源參數(shù)的直觀顯示。 (2)總結(jié)震源機制的研究方法,著重研究了既能得到巖石破裂宏觀破裂類型結(jié)果,又能夠得到巖石破裂面法線及運動方向的矩張量方法�；趶椥圆▌永碚摵途貜埩坷碚�,通過聲發(fā)射信號P波初動振幅的拾取,對聲發(fā)射定位事件的震源機制進行研究,進而得到巖石內(nèi)部微裂紋的破裂方向、大小、滑移方向等參數(shù),同時給出了基于聲發(fā)射數(shù)據(jù)的矩張量求解流程,并采用Matlab軟件編寫了相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)分析程序。 (3)開展了三點彎曲和“Z”型剪切實驗,通過對比分析微裂紋的破裂類型結(jié)果與試樣的最終破壞形式,驗證了自行編寫的矩張量分析程序?qū)r石裂紋產(chǎn)生、擴展機制研究的可靠性。 (4)采用圓形孔、拱形孔和雙方孔巖石單軸加載試驗,對巖石的破壞機制進行研究。在矩張量分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合聲發(fā)射定位和震源機制,研究了微裂紋萌生、擴展、群集直至巖石失穩(wěn)破壞的演化過程；分析了不同類型微裂紋的數(shù)量、群集程度、滑移方向等參數(shù)對最終破裂面形成和巖石失穩(wěn)破壞的貢獻值；研究了微裂紋之間的相互作用機制與宏觀裂紋貫通過程之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Rock is a typical brittle material with inhomogeneity, and its interior is rich in various defects (microcracks, pores, joints, fissures, etc.). The essence of rock mass deformation and failure is the initiation, propagation, interaction and penetration of cracks in rock. It is of great significance for the study of rock instability failure mechanism and the prediction of ground pressure disaster to carry out the rock acoustic emission test and observe the temporal and spatial evolution law of microcracks in rock. For the study of rock failure mechanism, it is far from enough to know the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of microcracks. If we study the evolution mechanism of cracks in essence, we also need to know the generation type and slip direction of cracks and their space-time evolution law. In this way, the interaction and propagation of microcracks can be further understood, and the mechanism can be connected. The moment Zhang Liang theory can provide an effective means for the research in this field. The research contents are as follows: (1) the acoustic emission signal time extraction is realized by using the autoregressive model theory and the AIC criterion. The sensor array is arranged reasonably to meet the requirements of acoustic emission positioning accuracy. Based on the second development of CAD, the location of acoustic emission events and the visual display of source parameters are realized. (2) the research methods of focal mechanism are summarized. The moment Zhang Liang method, which can not only obtain the macroscopic fracture type of rock fracture, but also obtain the normal line and movement direction of rock fracture surface, is studied emphatically. Based on elastic wave theory and moment Zhang Liang theory, the focal mechanism of acoustic emission localization events is studied by picking up the initial amplitude of acoustic emission signal P wave, and then the direction and size of microcracks in rock are obtained. At the same time, the flow of moment Zhang Liang solution based on acoustic emission data is given, and the relevant data analysis program is compiled by Matlab software. (3) Three-point bending and "Z" shear experiments are carried out. By comparing and analyzing the fracture type results of microcracks and the ultimate failure form of the specimen, the reliability of the moment Zhang Liang analysis program written by ourselves for the study of crack generation and propagation mechanism of rock is verified. (4) Circular holes are used. The failure mechanism of arched hole and double hole rock under uniaxial loading was studied. On the basis of moment Zhang Liang analysis, combined with acoustic emission localization and focal mechanism, the evolution process of microcrack initiation, propagation, cluster up to rock instability and failure is studied, and the number and degree of different types of microcracks are analyzed. The contribution of slip direction and other parameters to the formation of ultimate fracture surface and the failure of rock instability is studied, and the internal relationship between the interaction mechanism between microcracks and the macroscopic crack transfixion process is studied.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU45

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉東燕,朱可善,胡本雄;含裂隙巖石受壓破壞的聲發(fā)射特性研究[J];地下空間;1998年04期

2 黃明利,唐春安,朱萬成;巖石單軸壓縮下破壞失穩(wěn)過程SEM即時研究[J];東北大學學報;1999年04期

3 趙興東;陳長華;劉建坡;李元輝;;不同巖石聲發(fā)射活動特性的實驗研究[J];東北大學學報(自然科學版);2008年11期

4 陳槞;聲發(fā)射技術(shù)在巖石力學研究中的應(yīng)用[J];地球物理學報;1977年04期

5 胡幸平;俞春泉;陶開;崔效鋒;寧杰遠;王艷華;;利用P波初動資料求解汶川地震及其強余震震源機制解[J];地球物理學報;2008年06期

6 馬文濤，馬瑾，劉力強，馬勝利，，劉天昌，鄧志輝;雁列斷層變形過程中的聲發(fā)射特征[J];地震地質(zhì);1995年04期

7 陳培善;地震矩張量及其反演（講座）[J];地震地磁觀測與研究;1995年05期

8 邢紀波,俞良群,王泳嘉;砂巖類脆性無序介質(zhì)連續(xù)破壞過程的細觀模擬[J];地質(zhì)力學學報;1998年03期

9 劉力強,馬瑾,吳秀泉;雁列式斷層變形與失穩(wěn)過程的實驗研究[J];地震學報;1986年04期

10 梁正召,唐春安,朱萬成,楊天鴻,王善勇;巖石非均勻性對震級一頻度關(guān)系的影響的數(shù)值模擬[J];地震研究;2003年02期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 曹安業(yè);采動煤巖沖擊破裂的震動效應(yīng)及其應(yīng)用研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學;2009年

本文編號：2117187