本文選題：CFD + 計算流體力學(xué)��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了創(chuàng)造舒適的生活環(huán)境,房屋周邊一般會有樹木環(huán)繞,氣流在流動過程中受到這些樹木阻礙,將在其下游形成一個遮蔽區(qū),在該區(qū)域來流風(fēng)速降低,湍流強(qiáng)度增加,大氣湍流中的渦旋結(jié)構(gòu)減弱。通過在房屋周圍合理植樹,可以很好地降低風(fēng)速,改善局部風(fēng)環(huán)境,特別是對低矮建筑的角部、邊緣和屋脊等區(qū)域的局部風(fēng)壓改善效果明顯。本文主要采用數(shù)值模擬的方法研究樹木對低矮建筑物的擋風(fēng)性能,完成的主要工作有： 1、基于RANS的CFD精細(xì)化數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)。通過TTU模型的實測數(shù)據(jù),研究了數(shù)值模擬中參數(shù)的設(shè)置,包括計算域大小、最小網(wǎng)格尺寸、湍流模型選擇、邊界條件設(shè)置以及控制方程的離散求解算法等,用以提高CFD數(shù)值模擬的精度。 2、樹木擋風(fēng)性能的數(shù)值模擬。利用多孔介質(zhì)模擬的附加源項法,建立樹木擋風(fēng)性能數(shù)值模擬方法,通過與實測數(shù)據(jù)對比,驗證了數(shù)值模型的有效性。通過改變樹冠疏透性、樹木高度、樹冠形狀以及樹木間距等參數(shù),研究了樹木下游的風(fēng)場特性；給出了風(fēng)壓、風(fēng)速在不同工況下的分布特征,并通過速度分布曲線描述了樹木下游的風(fēng)速變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,樹冠疏透率和樹木高度是影響其下游流場的主要因素。 3、樹木對低矮房屋的擋風(fēng)性能研究。研究了樹冠疏透性、樹木高度、樹冠形狀等樹木參數(shù)以及屋面坡角、檐口形狀、樹木與房屋的間距等房屋參數(shù)的不同工況,得到了樹木對低矮房屋風(fēng)壓的影響規(guī)律�；谏鲜鲅芯�,給出了房屋周邊的風(fēng)速、風(fēng)壓分布特征,分析了低矮房屋風(fēng)壓在不同工況下的變化趨勢,為增強(qiáng)低矮房屋的抗風(fēng)能力提供了理論參考和建議。
[Abstract]:In order to create a comfortable living environment, the house is usually surrounded by trees, and the air flow is blocked by these trees during the flow process, which forms a sheltered area downstream, where the wind speed decreases and the turbulence intensity increases. The vortex structure in atmospheric turbulence weakens. By planting trees reasonably around the building, the wind speed can be reduced and the local wind environment can be improved, especially the local wind pressure in the corners, edges and roof ridges of low buildings can be improved obviously. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. CFD detailed numerical simulation technology based on rans is used to study the windshield performance of trees to low buildings. Based on the measured data of TTU model, the setting of parameters in numerical simulation is studied, including calculation domain size, minimum mesh size, turbulence model selection, boundary condition setting and discrete solution algorithm of governing equation, etc. In order to improve the accuracy of CFD numerical simulation. 2. Numerical simulation of tree windshield performance. The numerical simulation method of tree windshield performance is established by using the additional source term method of porous media simulation. The validity of the numerical model is verified by comparing with the measured data. By changing the tree crown thinness, tree height, crown shape and tree spacing, the wind field characteristics of the downstream trees are studied, and the distribution characteristics of wind pressure and wind speed under different operating conditions are given. The variation of wind velocity in the lower reaches of trees is described by the velocity distribution curve. The results show that the crown thinning rate and tree height are the main factors affecting the downstream flow field. The tree parameters such as crown thinness, tree height, tree crown shape, roof slope angle, cornice shape and the distance between trees and houses were studied. The influence of trees on the wind pressure of low buildings was obtained. Based on the above research, the characteristics of wind speed and pressure distribution around the building are given, and the variation trend of the wind pressure in the low house under different working conditions is analyzed, which provides a theoretical reference and suggestions for enhancing the wind resistance of the low house.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU352.2

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