本文選題：嚴(yán)寒地區(qū) + 外窗��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：推動我國經(jīng)濟社會持續(xù)發(fā)展和人民生活水平不斷提高是一個重大戰(zhàn)略問題。嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)因為地域和氣候的特殊性,該地區(qū)的建筑外圍護有特殊的要求。外窗作為建筑外圍護的重要組成部分,其相關(guān)研究受到了人們的重視。論文在嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗滿足既有采光和日照性能要求的前提下,以外窗的熱工性能、通風(fēng)性能和防噪聲性能及全生命周期模型等方面為主要研究內(nèi)容,以全生命周期模型對室內(nèi)環(huán)境的作用和影響為研究范疇,通過全生命周期環(huán)境影響評價的方法對全生命周期模型進行驗證和評價,提出適合嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)使用的適配型外窗。論文對嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的氣候特征進行了介紹,對嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗相關(guān)概念進行解析,對全生命周期評價體系理論進行了全面地介紹,分析了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗全生命周期評價體系的影響因素,對這些影響因素的有效性了進行分析。論文分析了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)現(xiàn)有外窗類型對采暖期室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的影響和作用。外窗的隔熱性能是嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗設(shè)計的一個重點,嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的特點就是溫度低,如果窗戶的隔熱性能不好,使得室內(nèi)外的熱能交換率大,這樣就無法保證室內(nèi)的適宜溫度。對外窗對室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境相關(guān)因素進行了分析,得到相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù),建立理論模型,得到熱對流和熱傳導(dǎo)的相關(guān)依據(jù),為基于全生命周期的外窗物理性能優(yōu)化提供有效的保障;同時,對外窗結(jié)露問題進行了研究和分析,提出解決結(jié)露問題的有效措施。論文分析了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)現(xiàn)有外窗類型對采暖期室內(nèi)風(fēng)環(huán)境的影響和作用。由于嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)冬季風(fēng)速快,持續(xù)作用在外窗上的應(yīng)力大,對外窗的使用影響很大;由于冬季采暖期,外窗處于長期封閉的狀態(tài),嚴(yán)重影響了室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì),人長期生活在這種環(huán)境必定影響其身心健康。通過風(fēng)壓值計算,得到哈爾濱地區(qū)的風(fēng)壓級,在測得風(fēng)速的基礎(chǔ)上通過有限元分析對現(xiàn)有外窗抗風(fēng)壓性能進行研究,得到不同材料、不同形式外窗抗風(fēng)壓性能的數(shù)據(jù),通過不同類型外窗的對室內(nèi)風(fēng)環(huán)境的影響,得出理論模型,為后續(xù)的物理性能優(yōu)化提供參考。論文分析了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)現(xiàn)有外窗類型對采暖期室內(nèi)聲環(huán)境的影響和作用。通過統(tǒng)計能量分析得到影響外窗隔聲性能的相關(guān)因素,得出玻璃部分的平均響應(yīng)速度大于其它結(jié)構(gòu)的平均速度響應(yīng),向外輻射的噪聲最大;玻璃部分表面振動最大,向外輻射的能量最多。在此研究基礎(chǔ)之上,提出改善外窗隔聲性能的可行性解決方案,建立統(tǒng)計能量分析的理論研究框架,為后面的研究工作提供有效的保證。另外,根據(jù)嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的具體需要,通過用戶的需求調(diào)查,結(jié)合之前的研究,論文進行了窗式通風(fēng)器的研究與設(shè)計。窗式通風(fēng)器對改善室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)、保證采暖期室內(nèi)環(huán)境自然通風(fēng)、減少室內(nèi)外空氣強對流、提高室內(nèi)的熱舒適性、隔聲降噪和防止外窗結(jié)露等方面有明顯的改良效果。最后,確定嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗全生命周期模型的目的和范圍,對嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗全生命周期評價的影響因素進行分析和分類,確定了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)外窗全生命周期環(huán)境影響類型包括:全球變暖、臭氧消耗、環(huán)境總的釋放量、溫室效應(yīng)的影響、酸化影響以及富營養(yǎng)化影響。對現(xiàn)有外窗的清單進行了分析,評價其對環(huán)境的潛在影響,在此基礎(chǔ)之上提出了基于通風(fēng)性能的外窗優(yōu)化構(gòu)想、基于熱工性能的外窗優(yōu)化構(gòu)想、基于室內(nèi)防噪性能的外窗優(yōu)化構(gòu)想、基于全生命周期評價的外窗構(gòu)想,通過數(shù)據(jù)的分析最終提出基于全生命周期的建筑外窗物理性能優(yōu)化設(shè)計構(gòu)想,建立外窗的全生命周期物理性能優(yōu)化模型,并對該模型進行驗證與評價。
[Abstract]:It is a major strategic problem to promote the sustained economic and social development of our country and the continuous improvement of the living standard of the people. In the severe cold area, because of the special nature of the region and climate, the outer enclosure of the area has special requirements. As an important part of the outer enclosure of the building, the outside window has been paid attention to. The paper is in the cold area. Outside windows meet the requirements of both lighting and sunshine performance, the main research contents are thermal performance, ventilation performance, noise proof performance and full life cycle model of outside windows. The effect and influence of full life cycle model on indoor environment are studied, and the whole life cycle environmental impact assessment method is used to complete the whole life. The life cycle model is verified and evaluated, and the suitable outer window suitable for the cold area is put forward. The paper introduces the climate characteristics of the cold region, analyzes the concept of the outer window related to the cold area, introduces the whole life cycle evaluation system theory, and analyzes the whole life cycle evaluation system of the outer window in the cold region. The influence factors and the effectiveness of these factors are analyzed. The influence and effect of the existing exterior window types on the heating environment in the heating period are analyzed in this paper. The insulation performance of the outer window is a key point in the design of the outer window in the cold region. The characteristics of the cold area are low temperature, if the insulation performance of the windows is not good, so that the heat insulation property of the windows is not good. Indoor and outdoor heat exchange rate is large, so it is impossible to ensure the suitable temperature in the room. External windows are analyzed for the related factors of the indoor thermal environment, the corresponding data are obtained, the theoretical model is established, the relevant basis of thermal convection and heat conduction is obtained, and the effective guarantee for the physical performance optimization based on the whole life cycle is provided; at the same time, external In this paper, the influence and effect of the existing external window types on the indoor air environment in the heating period are analyzed. The window is in a long-term closed state, which seriously affects the indoor air quality. People's long-term living in this environment must affect their physical and mental health. Through the calculation of wind pressure, the wind pressure level in Harbin area is obtained. On the basis of the wind velocity measurement, the anti wind pressure performance of the existing windows is studied by the finite element analysis, and different materials and different shapes are obtained. The anti wind pressure performance data of the exterior window, through the influence of different types of exterior windows on the indoor wind environment, get the theoretical model and provide reference for the subsequent physical performance optimization. This paper analyzes the influence and effect of the existing exterior window types on the indoor sound environment in the heating period in the cold region. It is concluded that the average response speed of the glass part is greater than the average velocity response of the other structures, the external radiation is the greatest noise, the glass part surface vibration is maximum and the energy of outward radiation is the most. Based on this research, a feasible solution to improve the sound insulation performance of the outer window is put forward, and the theoretical study of statistical energy analysis is established. The framework provides effective guarantee for the following research work. In addition, according to the specific needs of the severe cold region, the research and design of the window type ventilator are carried out through the needs of the users and the previous research. The window type ventilator can improve the indoor air quality, ensure the natural ventilation of the indoor environment in the heating period, and reduce the indoor and outdoor air. Strong convection, improving indoor thermal comfort, sound insulation and noise reduction, and preventing external window dewing have obvious improvement effects. Finally, the purpose and scope of the full life cycle model of the outer window in cold area is determined, the factors affecting the full life cycle evaluation of the outer window in the cold region are analyzed and classified, and the whole life cycle of the outer window is determined in the cold region. Environmental impact types include global warming, ozone depletion, total environmental release, greenhouse effect, acidification, and eutrophication effects. The existing window list is analyzed to evaluate its potential impact on the environment. On this basis, an exterior window optimization concept based on ventilation performance is proposed, based on the thermal performance. The window optimization concept, the exterior window optimization concept based on indoor noise prevention performance, the exterior window conception based on the full life cycle evaluation, finally proposed the design conception of the physical performance of the exterior window based on the whole life cycle through the analysis of the whole life cycle, and established the full life cycle physical performance optimization model of the outer window, and verified and evaluated the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU111.4
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本文編號：1908136