本文選題：破巖效率 + 節(jié)理特征��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,人們的日常生活面臨著環(huán)境污染、交通阻塞等諸多問題。地下空間的開發(fā)利用能夠從一定程度上解決這些問題,因而地下空間成為世界各國的建設(shè)主流,地下不再是陰冷潮濕的場(chǎng)所,而成為人類生態(tài)空間的又一延伸。 盾構(gòu)施工具有低噪音、低振動(dòng)、施工安全等特點(diǎn),同時(shí)對(duì)地上建筑物以及交通運(yùn)輸?shù)染a(chǎn)生較小影響,憑借這些優(yōu)越性,盾構(gòu)施工法得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,成為隧道、地鐵、水利水電等地下空間工程建設(shè)中的一種主要施工方法。盾構(gòu)施工主要是通過掘進(jìn)機(jī)刀盤上布置的刀具滾壓、切削巖體而完成掘進(jìn),刀具與巖體的相互作用情況直接關(guān)系到掘進(jìn)機(jī)的工作效率。因而,研究巖體在掘進(jìn)機(jī)刀具作用下的破碎特性具有重要的理論價(jià)值和工程指導(dǎo)意義。 本文在國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51079017、51274053)、全國優(yōu)秀博士論文專項(xiàng)基金項(xiàng)目(200960)、國家基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃(973)項(xiàng)目(2011CB13500)資助下,采用RFPA軟件對(duì)掘進(jìn)機(jī)滾刀作用下巖體破碎機(jī)理進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究,完成了以下主要內(nèi)容： 1.通過閱讀相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),歸納、總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)于刀具破巖在理論、物理實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬等方面的研究現(xiàn)況。 2.基于巖石真實(shí)破裂過程分析方法,通過采用多種破壞準(zhǔn)則,實(shí)現(xiàn)刀具破巖過程中的拉伸開裂、剪切破壞和接觸擠壓作用的模擬。建立多滾刀以不同作用方式侵入完整巖體和單滾刀侵入節(jié)理巖體的二維數(shù)值模型,模擬了刀頭作用下巖體的破碎過程,探討了刀頭作用方式、圍壓、刀間距和節(jié)理特征等對(duì)破壞模式、破巖角、刀頭作用載荷以及裂紋擴(kuò)展能力的影響規(guī)律,與物理實(shí)驗(yàn)具有較好的一致性。研究結(jié)果表明： (1)滾刀相位角的存在對(duì)巖石的破碎模式和破碎效率有著重要的影響,滾刀順次加刀優(yōu)于同時(shí)加刀。 (2)圍壓增大,裂紋向深部擴(kuò)展能力降低。相同圍壓下順次加載時(shí)存在最優(yōu)刀間距。同時(shí)加載時(shí),隨著圍壓的增加,最優(yōu)刀間距逐漸增加。 (3)傾斜節(jié)理導(dǎo)致刀頭兩側(cè)裂紋的不對(duì)稱擴(kuò)展,節(jié)理有利于刀頭與節(jié)理之間產(chǎn)生貫通裂紋,提高了破巖效率,但節(jié)理阻止了側(cè)向裂紋的穿透擴(kuò)展。 (4)隨著節(jié)理傾角的增大,躍進(jìn)點(diǎn)載荷、殘余載荷平均值、侵入量表現(xiàn)出先減小而后又增大的V型走勢(shì)。節(jié)理傾角--定時(shí),躍進(jìn)點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的載荷、侵入量隨著節(jié)理間距的增大而增大,密集的節(jié)理分布有利于提高掘進(jìn)效率。 3.建立刀具與巖石的三維相互作用模型,通過物理實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬的對(duì)比,更深層次地揭示刀具破巖機(jī)理,同時(shí)探討了圍壓對(duì)巖石破碎特性的影響規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明： (1)刀頭侵入巖石不斷重復(fù)著加載一擠密一破壞的過程,刀頭下部的核心區(qū)和損傷區(qū)不斷擴(kuò)大,最終導(dǎo)致裂紋形成、巖樣破壞。 (2)圍壓不同,巖石中裂紋擴(kuò)展模式不同,損傷分布區(qū)域不同。隨著圍壓的增大,躍進(jìn)點(diǎn)載荷、刀頭侵入量以及抗侵入系數(shù)增大,而載荷躍進(jìn)幅度、破巖角隨之減小,巖石的抗侵入能力增強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern economy, people's daily life is faced with environmental pollution, traffic congestion and many other problems. The development and utilization of underground space can solve these problems to a certain extent. Therefore, underground space has become the mainstream of the world's construction, underground is no longer a place of cold and damp, and it becomes the ecological space of human beings. An extension.
Shield construction has the characteristics of low noise, low vibration, construction safety and so on. At the same time, it has a small influence on the ground buildings and transportation. By virtue of these advantages, the shield construction method has been widely used. It has become a main construction method in the construction of underground space engineering, such as tunnel, subway, water conservancy and hydropower and so on. The main shield construction is the construction of the shield construction. The interaction between cutting tools and rock mass is directly related to the working efficiency of the roadheader by cutting the cutting tool on the cutter plate of the boring machine and cutting rock mass, and the interaction between the cutting tool and the rock mass is directly related to the working efficiency of the roadheader. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and engineering significance to study the fracture characteristics of the rock mass under the action of the cutting tool.
In this paper, under the National Natural Science Foundation Project (5107901751274053), the National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation special fund project (200960), the national basic research plan (973) project (2011CB13500), the RFPA software is used to simulate the rock breaking mechanism of the rock mass under the action of the boring machine, and the following main contents are completed:
1. by reading related literature, the research status of cutting tools for rock breaking in theory, physical experiment and numerical simulation is summarized and summarized.
2. based on the analysis method of rock real fracture process, by using a variety of failure criteria, the simulation of tensile cracking, shear failure and contact extrusion in the cutting process of cutting tools is realized. The two-dimensional numerical model of multiple hob invading the whole rock mass and single hob invading the jointed rock mass is established in different ways, and the rock mass under the action of the knife head is simulated. The effect of the mode of action of the knife head, the confining pressure, the spacing of the knife and the joint characteristics on the failure mode, the rock breaking angle, the working load of the cutter head and the crack propagation ability are discussed, which are in good agreement with the physical experiment. The results show that:
(1) the existence of hob's phase angle has an important influence on the crushing mode and crushing efficiency of the rock, and the hob's sequential addition is superior to that of the cutter at the same time.
(2) when the confining pressure increases, the ability of crack to deep expansion is reduced. The optimal tool spacing exists in the same confining pressure. At the same time, the optimal tool spacing increases with the increase of confining pressure.
(3) the slanting joint leads to the asymmetric expansion of the cracks on both sides of the cutter head, which helps to produce a penetrating crack between the cutter head and the joint and improves the efficiency of rock breaking, but the joint prevents the penetration and expansion of the lateral crack.
(4) with the increase of the joint angle, the load of the jump point and the mean value of the residual load, the invasion quantity shows the trend of the V type which decreases first and then increases. The joint inclination - time and the load corresponding to the jump point increase with the increase of the joint space, and the distribution of dense joints is beneficial to improving the driving efficiency.
3. the three-dimensional interaction model of cutting tool and rock is established. Through the comparison of physical experiments and numerical simulation, the mechanism of rock breaking is revealed deeper and the influence of confining pressure on rock breaking characteristics is discussed. The results show that:
(1) the knife head invaded the rock continuously and repeated the process of loading and compaction. The core area and the damage area in the lower part of the knife were expanding, which eventually resulted in the formation of the cracks and the failure of the rock.
(2) with the different confining pressure, the crack propagation modes in the rock are different, and the damage distribution area is different. With the increase of the confining pressure, the load of the jump point, the increase of the penetration and the anti intrusion coefficient of the cutter head, the load jump amplitude, the rock breaking angle decrease, and the rock's anti intrusion ability is enhanced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU94;TU45

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