本文選題：土坡 + 加固　； 參考：《清華大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：發(fā)展有效的加固土坡安全評價方法，對于治理和防止滑坡災(zāi)害、提高土坡加固工程的合理性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性、保證其安全性，具有重要意義。本文針對以抗滑樁加固土坡為代表的加固土坡開展研究，自主研發(fā)試驗設(shè)備，主要采用離心模型試驗揭示加固土坡的破壞機理和加固機理，在此基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展可用于實際工程的抗滑樁加固土坡安全簡化分析方法。主要取得如下新成果： 1.自主研發(fā)了離心模型試驗超重力場中高精度模擬完整樁施工過程的入樁及加載模擬系統(tǒng)、只發(fā)生剪切破壞且強度可控的剪切結(jié)構(gòu)樁模型。 2.進(jìn)行了系列化的抗滑樁等結(jié)構(gòu)加固土坡離心模型試驗，揭示了地震、坡頂加載和自重加載等條件下加固土坡的響應(yīng)特性及主要因素的影響規(guī)律。 3．基于離心模型試驗揭示了抗滑樁加固土坡的破壞機理，包括：（1）根據(jù)土坡滑裂面與抗滑樁的相對位置關(guān)系劃分為過樁破壞、繞樁破壞、局部破壞和復(fù)合破壞等四類破壞模式；（2）觀測證實并根據(jù)“可測的變形”定量確定了抗滑樁加固土坡存在的漸進(jìn)破壞過程；（3）揭示了土坡變形局部化過程、滑裂面形成過程和抗滑樁變形過程的耦變機理，這三個過程互為因果、交替發(fā)展、耦合變化；（4）抗滑樁加固土坡破壞模式的多樣化和破壞特性的復(fù)雜性與不同加載條件下土坡的變形特性密切相關(guān)。 4．對比分析加固土坡和素土坡離心模型試驗結(jié)果，發(fā)現(xiàn)抗滑樁顯著減小土坡變形，其影響在向坡內(nèi)部傳遞過程中逐漸減小。揭示了土坡的抗滑樁加固機理：抗滑樁與附近土體發(fā)生相互作用并表現(xiàn)為增壓效應(yīng)占優(yōu)，該效應(yīng)在抗滑樁顯著影響區(qū)域內(nèi)向遠(yuǎn)樁的坡內(nèi)部傳遞，在傳遞過程中存在著增壓效應(yīng)與抗剪效應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)化，并在潛在滑裂面附近主要表現(xiàn)為抗剪效應(yīng)，從而延緩了土坡變形局部化的發(fā)展過程和滑裂面的形成，增強了土坡穩(wěn)定性。 5．基于地震離心模型試驗揭示了抗滑樁、土工織物、土釘?shù)冉Y(jié)構(gòu)的抗震加固機理，證實了土坡加固機理及其分析理論方法具有良好的普適性。 6．提出了“等效樁土條”模型，通過幾何等效和強度等效在定量上將抗滑樁的三維加固效應(yīng)簡化為二維問題，擴展簡化畢肖普法建立了抗滑樁加固應(yīng)變軟化土坡穩(wěn)定性的分析方法并采用離心模型試驗結(jié)果驗證了有效性。將該方法用于實際土坡抗滑樁加固工程的設(shè)計分析，確定了加固顯著區(qū)域。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to develop an effective method for evaluating the safety of reinforced soil slopes, which is of great significance for controlling and preventing landslide disasters, improving the rationality and economy of soil slope strengthening projects, and ensuring their safety.In this paper, the research on reinforced soil slope reinforced by anti-slide pile is carried out, and the experimental equipment is developed independently. The centrifugal model test is mainly used to reveal the failure mechanism and reinforcement mechanism of the reinforced soil slope.On this basis, a simplified safety analysis method of anti-slide pile for reinforcement of soil slope is developed, which can be used in practical engineering.The main achievements are as follows:1.A pile entry and loading simulation system for simulating the construction process of whole pile with high precision in the super gravity field of centrifugal model test is developed independently. The shear failure and strength controllable shear structure pile model is only occurred.2.A series of centrifuge model tests of reinforced soil slopes with anti-slide piles and other structures are carried out. The response characteristics of the reinforced soil slopes under the conditions of earthquake, top loading and gravity loading are revealed and the influence laws of the main factors are revealed.3.Based on centrifuge model test, the failure mechanism of soil slope strengthened by anti-slide pile is revealed, including: 1) according to the relative position relation between sliding surface and anti-slide pile on the slope, it can be divided into overpile failure and circumferential pile failure.Four kinds of failure modes, namely local failure and composite failure, were observed to confirm and quantitatively determine the progressive failure process of soil slope strengthened by anti-slide pile according to "measurable deformation".) the localization process of soil slope deformation was revealed.The coupling mechanism between the forming process of sliding crack surface and the deformation process of anti-slide pile. These three processes are causality and alternate development.The variety of failure modes and the complexity of failure characteristics of soil slope strengthened by anti-slide pile are closely related to the deformation characteristics of soil slope under different loading conditions.4.By comparing and analyzing the centrifuge model test results of the reinforced soil slope and the plain soil slope, it is found that the anti-slide pile significantly reduces the deformation of the soil slope, and its influence decreases gradually in the process of transferring to the slope.The reinforcement mechanism of anti-slide pile on soil slope is revealed: the interaction between anti-slide pile and nearby soil mass is dominant and the effect is dominant in the area of anti-slide pile, which affects the transfer of the pile to the far pile in the slope.During the transfer process, there is a transformation between the pressure effect and the shear effect, and the shear effect is mainly shown near the potential slip surface, which delays the development of deformation localization and the formation of the sliding crack surface, and enhances the stability of the soil slope.5.Based on the seismic centrifuge model test, the seismic reinforcement mechanism of anti-slide pile, geotextile, soil nailing and other structures is revealed. It is proved that the reinforcement mechanism of soil slope and its analytical theory method have good universality.6.The "equivalent pile-soil strip" model is proposed. The three-dimensional reinforcement effect of anti-slide pile is simplified to a two-dimensional problem by means of geometric equivalence and strength equivalence.The extended simplified Bishop method is used to analyze the stability of strain-softening soil slope strengthened by anti-slide pile and the results of centrifuge model test are used to verify the effectiveness of the method.The method is applied to the design and analysis of the actual soil slope anti-slide pile reinforcement project, and the significant area of reinforcement is determined.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU470

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