本文選題：Glubam膠合竹梁 + 指接��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：在全球能源不斷減少和世界節(jié)能減排思想的不斷蔓延的國(guó)際大環(huán)境下,土木工程領(lǐng)域中的Glubam膠合竹梁從初步的“以竹代木”構(gòu)想逐步發(fā)展成為涉及橋梁、房屋、大型場(chǎng)館等各個(gè)方面的新型結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件。在不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的農(nóng)村和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)里,Glubam膠合竹梁沿用了木結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程,不僅可以用來(lái)建造簡(jiǎn)易住宅和臨時(shí)建筑,還成功應(yīng)用到廠房、學(xué)校等公共建筑領(lǐng)域。 Glubam膠合竹梁是參照膠合木工業(yè)技術(shù),應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)理念和工藝技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)的一種新型承重構(gòu)件。指接技術(shù)的引入使得竹梁的加工不受原材料尺寸的限制,并且使板材的對(duì)接更加緊密和牢固。指接膠合竹梁不同于其他形式的竹梁,具有加工簡(jiǎn)單、形式多樣、維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。在成功將指接膠合竹梁應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)單體房屋、竹結(jié)構(gòu)活動(dòng)房、現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)人行橋梁和車(chē)行橋梁之后,常規(guī)的力學(xué)性能研究已經(jīng)極大的限制了竹梁應(yīng)用的推廣,膠合竹的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系、指接節(jié)點(diǎn)失效模型、橋梁中竹梁的疲勞性能和竹梁彎剪荷載條件下的失效準(zhǔn)則都是亟待解決的問(wèn)題。本文對(duì)Glubam膠合竹梁的加工工藝、失效理論研究、基本物理力學(xué)性能、力學(xué)試驗(yàn)研究、工程應(yīng)用等方面分別進(jìn)行了闡述,具體工作如下： 1.本文詳細(xì)介紹了竹木結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程以及Glubam膠合竹梁的種類(lèi)劃分、加工工藝和工程應(yīng)用,論述了新型竹材梁的研發(fā)現(xiàn)狀和使用情況。通過(guò)兩個(gè)典型的工程應(yīng)用實(shí)例,展示了現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的構(gòu)件加工、結(jié)構(gòu)形式和設(shè)計(jì)方法。通過(guò)成橋試驗(yàn)和長(zhǎng)期觀測(cè),分析了現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的安全性和耐久性,并結(jié)合相關(guān)規(guī)范對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)承載力進(jìn)行驗(yàn)算。簡(jiǎn)單的成型技術(shù)、可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、良好的安全性以及豐富的原材料為Glubam膠合竹梁在橋梁中的推廣和使用奠定了基礎(chǔ),也為改進(jìn)膠合竹的結(jié)構(gòu)性能研究和開(kāi)發(fā)更優(yōu)化的結(jié)構(gòu)體系提供了參考。 2.從失效準(zhǔn)則基本理論出發(fā),論述了各向異性材料的經(jīng)典準(zhǔn)則公式Tsai-Wu的參數(shù)和適應(yīng)范圍。結(jié)合Glubam膠合竹梁交織狀構(gòu)造和分層結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn),推算出Glubam膠合竹梁在平面應(yīng)力狀態(tài)下的一般失效公式,將復(fù)雜各向異性材料的三向應(yīng)力問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單的平面應(yīng)力問(wèn)題。通過(guò)數(shù)值計(jì)算方法推導(dǎo)Glubam膠合竹梁在荷載(M,V)下的截面應(yīng)力公式。對(duì)工程使用中四種膠合竹梁的受力情況進(jìn)行分析,得到各自的極限承載力的計(jì)算公式。其中普通膠合竹梁忽略膠合層的不連續(xù)性,采用純材料連續(xù)介質(zhì)計(jì)算方法：指接膠合竹梁可將指接層和非指接層分別進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析,然后利用力平衡關(guān)系算出中性軸位置,最后得出竹梁承載力。 3.參考國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),總結(jié)了有關(guān)膠合竹材的一系列試驗(yàn)成果,簡(jiǎn)單描述了其力學(xué)性能方面的特性及物理力學(xué)指標(biāo),為膠合竹梁的強(qiáng)度和剛度研究提供了基礎(chǔ)的理論依據(jù)。參考木結(jié)構(gòu)物理力學(xué)試驗(yàn)規(guī)范和美國(guó)NDS設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范,引用膠合竹抗壓、抗拉、抗彎和抗剪試驗(yàn)、膠合竹徐變?cè)囼?yàn)、螺栓連接方式性能試驗(yàn)以及前人做的竹材干濕度試驗(yàn),對(duì)膠合竹的整體性能進(jìn)行闡述和分析,并通過(guò)回歸擬合得到任意濕度條件下竹材的彈性模量計(jì)算公式。采用Burger模型對(duì)膠合竹梁的蠕變性能進(jìn)行模擬,通過(guò)蠕變?cè)囼?yàn)后的靜力破壞試驗(yàn)以及回歸擬合,可以得到Glubam膠合竹梁的蠕變變形計(jì)算公式。試驗(yàn)證明荷載的長(zhǎng)期作用會(huì)在一定程度上降低竹梁的承載能力與非線性階段的剛度。通過(guò)考慮含水率、材料變異、徐變、天然缺陷、應(yīng)力集中等參數(shù)影響,對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行修正后得到Glubam膠合竹梁的容許設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)力。 4.通過(guò)Glubam膠合竹梁靜載試驗(yàn),對(duì)比不同連接方式、疊合方式、FRP增強(qiáng)措施對(duì)竹梁承載力和剛度的影響,并基于幾點(diǎn)基本假設(shè),建立了竹膠合梁強(qiáng)度和撓度等計(jì)算公式。引入Glubam膠合竹梁的相關(guān)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)與計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)Glubam膠合竹梁的計(jì)算模型能夠很好的估計(jì)構(gòu)件的承載能力,為工程應(yīng)用提供可靠的計(jì)算依據(jù)。在已建成的現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)車(chē)行橋梁同批次產(chǎn)品中,隨機(jī)抽取一組膠合竹梁試件進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。將200萬(wàn)次反復(fù)荷載試驗(yàn)后的試驗(yàn)組試件與對(duì)比組試件的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比后發(fā)現(xiàn),膠合竹梁抗疲勞性能良好,能夠滿足橋梁設(shè)計(jì)的50年使用期限的基本要求。試驗(yàn)組試件的疲勞荷載在不超過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)荷載的條件下,試件剛度無(wú)明顯下降。通過(guò)靜載破壞試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)疲勞試驗(yàn)對(duì)試件的極限強(qiáng)度有少許削弱。疲勞試驗(yàn)對(duì)Glubam膠合竹梁的剛度和強(qiáng)度的影響在錘擊法激勵(lì)的模態(tài)試驗(yàn)中得到了進(jìn)一步的驗(yàn)證。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)Glubam膠合竹梁進(jìn)行一系列的試驗(yàn)研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)：Glubam膠合竹梁具有良好的抗彎能力和疲勞性能；其抗彎試驗(yàn)結(jié)果能夠很好地驗(yàn)證其承載力計(jì)算公式,為竹結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的荷載計(jì)算提供重要依據(jù)；對(duì)Glubam膠合竹梁的試驗(yàn)分析和理論研究為膠合竹的推廣和應(yīng)用提供了可靠的學(xué)術(shù)參考,也為相關(guān)規(guī)范的編制和工程應(yīng)用提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Glubam glued bamboo beams in the field of civil engineering are gradually developed into new structural components involving bridges , houses , large venues , etc . In the rural and rural areas of the developed countries , Glubam glued bamboo beams along with the development of wood structure can not only be used for the construction of simple houses and temporary buildings , but also successfully applied to public buildings , such as buildings and schools .

Glubam glued bamboo beam is a new type of load - bearing member , which is developed by using modern design concept and process technology by referring to glued wood industrial technology . The introduction of finger joint technology makes the processing of bamboo beam not limited by the size of raw material , and makes the butt joint more compact and firm .

1 . The development course of bamboo wood structure and the classification , processing technology and application of Glubam glued bamboo beam are introduced in detail in this paper . The present situation and application of new bamboo beam are discussed . Through two typical examples of engineering application , this paper presents the structural form and design method of the modern bamboo structure bridge . Through the bridge test and long - term observation , the paper analyses the safety and durability of modern bamboo structure bridge , lays a foundation for the promotion and use of Glubam glueing bamboo beam in bridge , and provides a reference for improving the structural performance of glued bamboo and developing more optimized structural system .

2 . Based on the basic theory of failure criterion , the general failure formula of Glubam glued bamboo beam under load ( M , V ) is deduced . The formula of cross section stress of Glubam glued bamboo beam under load ( M , V ) is deduced .

3 . A series of experimental results of glued bamboo are summarized by referring to the relevant literatures at home and abroad . The mechanical properties and physical mechanical indexes of the glued bamboo beams are simply described . The formulas for calculating the creep deformation of the glued bamboo beams are described . The experimental results show that the long - term action of the load can reduce the load - carrying capacity and the stiffness of the non - linear stage . The experimental results are modified to obtain the allowable design stress of Glubam glueing bamboo beams .

4 . Based on the comparison between the experimental data of Glubam glued bamboo beam and the calculation results , it is found that the calculation model of Glubam glued bamboo beam can be used to estimate the bearing capacity of the beam and provide reliable calculation basis for engineering application . The experimental results show that the fatigue test has a little weakening on the ultimate strength of the test piece . The influence of fatigue test on the rigidity and strength of Glubam glueing bamboo beam is further verified in the modal test excited by the hammering method .

After a series of experiments on Glubam glueing bamboo beam , it is found that Glubam glueing bamboo beam has good bending resistance and fatigue property .
The calculation formula of its bearing capacity can be well verified by the bending test results , which provides an important basis for the load calculation of the bamboo structure bridge ;
The experimental and theoretical research on Glubam glued bamboo beam provides a reliable academic reference for the promotion and application of glued bamboo , and provides a basis for the compilation and engineering application of related specifications .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU366.3

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