本文選題：Glubam膠合竹梁 + 指接�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：在全球能源不斷減少和世界節(jié)能減排思想的不斷蔓延的國際大環(huán)境下,土木工程領(lǐng)域中的Glubam膠合竹梁從初步的“以竹代木”構(gòu)想逐步發(fā)展成為涉及橋梁、房屋、大型場館等各個方面的新型結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件。在不發(fā)達國家的農(nóng)村和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)里,Glubam膠合竹梁沿用了木結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程,不僅可以用來建造簡易住宅和臨時建筑,還成功應(yīng)用到廠房、學(xué)校等公共建筑領(lǐng)域。 Glubam膠合竹梁是參照膠合木工業(yè)技術(shù),應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代設(shè)計理念和工藝技術(shù)開發(fā)的一種新型承重構(gòu)件。指接技術(shù)的引入使得竹梁的加工不受原材料尺寸的限制,并且使板材的對接更加緊密和牢固。指接膠合竹梁不同于其他形式的竹梁,具有加工簡單、形式多樣、維護簡便等優(yōu)點。在成功將指接膠合竹梁應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)單體房屋、竹結(jié)構(gòu)活動房、現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)人行橋梁和車行橋梁之后,常規(guī)的力學(xué)性能研究已經(jīng)極大的限制了竹梁應(yīng)用的推廣,膠合竹的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系、指接節(jié)點失效模型、橋梁中竹梁的疲勞性能和竹梁彎剪荷載條件下的失效準則都是亟待解決的問題。本文對Glubam膠合竹梁的加工工藝、失效理論研究、基本物理力學(xué)性能、力學(xué)試驗研究、工程應(yīng)用等方面分別進行了闡述,具體工作如下： 1.本文詳細介紹了竹木結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程以及Glubam膠合竹梁的種類劃分、加工工藝和工程應(yīng)用,論述了新型竹材梁的研發(fā)現(xiàn)狀和使用情況。通過兩個典型的工程應(yīng)用實例,展示了現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的構(gòu)件加工、結(jié)構(gòu)形式和設(shè)計方法。通過成橋試驗和長期觀測,分析了現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的安全性和耐久性,并結(jié)合相關(guān)規(guī)范對結(jié)構(gòu)承載力進行驗算。簡單的成型技術(shù)、可觀的經(jīng)濟性、良好的安全性以及豐富的原材料為Glubam膠合竹梁在橋梁中的推廣和使用奠定了基礎(chǔ),也為改進膠合竹的結(jié)構(gòu)性能研究和開發(fā)更優(yōu)化的結(jié)構(gòu)體系提供了參考。 2.從失效準則基本理論出發(fā),論述了各向異性材料的經(jīng)典準則公式Tsai-Wu的參數(shù)和適應(yīng)范圍。結(jié)合Glubam膠合竹梁交織狀構(gòu)造和分層結(jié)構(gòu)的特點,推算出Glubam膠合竹梁在平面應(yīng)力狀態(tài)下的一般失效公式,將復(fù)雜各向異性材料的三向應(yīng)力問題轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單的平面應(yīng)力問題。通過數(shù)值計算方法推導(dǎo)Glubam膠合竹梁在荷載(M,V)下的截面應(yīng)力公式。對工程使用中四種膠合竹梁的受力情況進行分析,得到各自的極限承載力的計算公式。其中普通膠合竹梁忽略膠合層的不連續(xù)性,采用純材料連續(xù)介質(zhì)計算方法：指接膠合竹梁可將指接層和非指接層分別進行應(yīng)力分析,然后利用力平衡關(guān)系算出中性軸位置,最后得出竹梁承載力。 3.參考國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻,總結(jié)了有關(guān)膠合竹材的一系列試驗成果,簡單描述了其力學(xué)性能方面的特性及物理力學(xué)指標,為膠合竹梁的強度和剛度研究提供了基礎(chǔ)的理論依據(jù)。參考木結(jié)構(gòu)物理力學(xué)試驗規(guī)范和美國NDS設(shè)計規(guī)范,引用膠合竹抗壓、抗拉、抗彎和抗剪試驗、膠合竹徐變試驗、螺栓連接方式性能試驗以及前人做的竹材干濕度試驗,對膠合竹的整體性能進行闡述和分析,并通過回歸擬合得到任意濕度條件下竹材的彈性模量計算公式。采用Burger模型對膠合竹梁的蠕變性能進行模擬,通過蠕變試驗后的靜力破壞試驗以及回歸擬合,可以得到Glubam膠合竹梁的蠕變變形計算公式。試驗證明荷載的長期作用會在一定程度上降低竹梁的承載能力與非線性階段的剛度。通過考慮含水率、材料變異、徐變、天然缺陷、應(yīng)力集中等參數(shù)影響,對試驗結(jié)果進行修正后得到Glubam膠合竹梁的容許設(shè)計應(yīng)力。 4.通過Glubam膠合竹梁靜載試驗,對比不同連接方式、疊合方式、FRP增強措施對竹梁承載力和剛度的影響,并基于幾點基本假設(shè),建立了竹膠合梁強度和撓度等計算公式。引入Glubam膠合竹梁的相關(guān)試驗數(shù)據(jù)與計算結(jié)果進行對比,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)Glubam膠合竹梁的計算模型能夠很好的估計構(gòu)件的承載能力,為工程應(yīng)用提供可靠的計算依據(jù)。在已建成的現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)車行橋梁同批次產(chǎn)品中,隨機抽取一組膠合竹梁試件進行試驗。將200萬次反復(fù)荷載試驗后的試驗組試件與對比組試件的試驗結(jié)果進行對比后發(fā)現(xiàn),膠合竹梁抗疲勞性能良好,能夠滿足橋梁設(shè)計的50年使用期限的基本要求。試驗組試件的疲勞荷載在不超過設(shè)計荷載的條件下,試件剛度無明顯下降。通過靜載破壞試驗的結(jié)果對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)疲勞試驗對試件的極限強度有少許削弱。疲勞試驗對Glubam膠合竹梁的剛度和強度的影響在錘擊法激勵的模態(tài)試驗中得到了進一步的驗證。 本文通過對Glubam膠合竹梁進行一系列的試驗研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)：Glubam膠合竹梁具有良好的抗彎能力和疲勞性能；其抗彎試驗結(jié)果能夠很好地驗證其承載力計算公式,為竹結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁的荷載計算提供重要依據(jù)；對Glubam膠合竹梁的試驗分析和理論研究為膠合竹的推廣和應(yīng)用提供了可靠的學(xué)術(shù)參考,也為相關(guān)規(guī)范的編制和工程應(yīng)用提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Glubam glued bamboo beams in the field of civil engineering are gradually developed into new structural components involving bridges , houses , large venues , etc . In the rural and rural areas of the developed countries , Glubam glued bamboo beams along with the development of wood structure can not only be used for the construction of simple houses and temporary buildings , but also successfully applied to public buildings , such as buildings and schools .

Glubam glued bamboo beam is a new type of load - bearing member , which is developed by using modern design concept and process technology by referring to glued wood industrial technology . The introduction of finger joint technology makes the processing of bamboo beam not limited by the size of raw material , and makes the butt joint more compact and firm .

1 . The development course of bamboo wood structure and the classification , processing technology and application of Glubam glued bamboo beam are introduced in detail in this paper . The present situation and application of new bamboo beam are discussed . Through two typical examples of engineering application , this paper presents the structural form and design method of the modern bamboo structure bridge . Through the bridge test and long - term observation , the paper analyses the safety and durability of modern bamboo structure bridge , lays a foundation for the promotion and use of Glubam glueing bamboo beam in bridge , and provides a reference for improving the structural performance of glued bamboo and developing more optimized structural system .

2 . Based on the basic theory of failure criterion , the general failure formula of Glubam glued bamboo beam under load ( M , V ) is deduced . The formula of cross section stress of Glubam glued bamboo beam under load ( M , V ) is deduced .

3 . A series of experimental results of glued bamboo are summarized by referring to the relevant literatures at home and abroad . The mechanical properties and physical mechanical indexes of the glued bamboo beams are simply described . The formulas for calculating the creep deformation of the glued bamboo beams are described . The experimental results show that the long - term action of the load can reduce the load - carrying capacity and the stiffness of the non - linear stage . The experimental results are modified to obtain the allowable design stress of Glubam glueing bamboo beams .

4 . Based on the comparison between the experimental data of Glubam glued bamboo beam and the calculation results , it is found that the calculation model of Glubam glued bamboo beam can be used to estimate the bearing capacity of the beam and provide reliable calculation basis for engineering application . The experimental results show that the fatigue test has a little weakening on the ultimate strength of the test piece . The influence of fatigue test on the rigidity and strength of Glubam glueing bamboo beam is further verified in the modal test excited by the hammering method .

After a series of experiments on Glubam glueing bamboo beam , it is found that Glubam glueing bamboo beam has good bending resistance and fatigue property .
The calculation formula of its bearing capacity can be well verified by the bending test results , which provides an important basis for the load calculation of the bamboo structure bridge ;
The experimental and theoretical research on Glubam glued bamboo beam provides a reliable academic reference for the promotion and application of glued bamboo , and provides a basis for the compilation and engineering application of related specifications .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU366.3

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