本文選題：明長(zhǎng)城 + 軍事防御型城堡��； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：軍事防御型城堡在人類城市發(fā)展史上具有重要地位，它們?cè)诠糯鞘行椭瓢l(fā)展，在國家領(lǐng)土闊張，區(qū)域城市化建設(shè)中都發(fā)揮過積極作用，它們的選址、空間布局深深影響著后期該地區(qū)城市分布、城市職能和內(nèi)部空間結(jié)構(gòu)。 陜西北部榆林地區(qū)由于自然地理因素的限定，自古以來處于我國農(nóng)耕文化與游牧文化的分界與交融地帶，特殊的地理區(qū)位使其成為歷代中原王朝的北方軍事防御前沿陣地。明代初年，伴隨長(zhǎng)城與軍事重鎮(zhèn)——榆林鎮(zhèn)的設(shè)立，諸多軍事防御型城堡相繼誕生，構(gòu)筑了邊疆龐大的防御體系，成就了該地區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)以軍事防御功能為主的鮮明特征。然而，事物永遠(yuǎn)是不斷變化發(fā)展的，伴隨國家軍事、政治帶來的邊防格局的變化，在區(qū)域自然環(huán)境、社會(huì)環(huán)境改變的過程中，城堡自身人居環(huán)境構(gòu)成、營造也發(fā)生了變遷。 論文從人居環(huán)境科學(xué)的理論出發(fā)，以明代創(chuàng)建的榆林鎮(zhèn)軍事防御型城堡為研究對(duì)象，在對(duì)國內(nèi)外軍事防御城堡型制進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上，從明代榆林鎮(zhèn)自然環(huán)境、人文環(huán)境特點(diǎn)出發(fā),以城堡內(nèi)軍事防御和人的居住生活兩條相互交織的線索，探尋軍事防御背景下的城堡人居環(huán)境產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展、變遷的問題，總結(jié)了其作為特殊的人類聚落，在選址、營造方面的基本特點(diǎn)，歸納其中展示出來的古代軍事防御型城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)理念與方法；地域文化影響和自然條件與資源限制下，傳統(tǒng)建筑的生態(tài)智慧、藝術(shù)形象。 論文以時(shí)間為線索，以動(dòng)態(tài)的視角，歷史唯物主義的觀點(diǎn)，從城堡所在榆林地區(qū)自然環(huán)境、生態(tài)環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境演變中，審視軍事防御型城堡在歷經(jīng)軍事城堡商業(yè)化，地方城鎮(zhèn)化，新興能源基地化發(fā)展后，，所面臨的人地關(guān)系緊張，生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理等現(xiàn)代城市人居環(huán)境發(fā)展、建設(shè)的瓶頸。并通過對(duì)明代榆林鎮(zhèn)軍事防御型城堡現(xiàn)狀的詳細(xì)調(diào)查與研究，運(yùn)用分類、統(tǒng)計(jì)、對(duì)比的方法，總結(jié)出城堡保護(hù)與發(fā)展的四種類型，以期能夠?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)城沿線其同類型文化遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)提供一定經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Military defense castles play an important role in the history of human city development. They played an active role in the development of ancient urban system, in the national territory, in the construction of regional urbanization.Spatial distribution deeply affects the urban distribution, urban function and internal spatial structure in the later period.Because of the limitation of natural geographical factors, Yulin area in northern Shaanxi Province has been in the boundary and blending zone between farming culture and nomadic culture since ancient times, and its special geographical location makes it a forward position of northern military defense in the central Plains dynasties of the past dynasties.In the early Ming Dynasty, with the establishment of the Great Wall and Yulin Town, a large number of military defense castles were established one after another.However, things are always changing and developing, along with the change of border defense pattern brought by national military and politics, in the process of changing regional natural environment and social environment, the constitution and construction of castle's own living environment has also changed.Based on the theory of human environment science, this paper takes the military defense castle of Yulin Town established in Ming Dynasty as the research object, on the basis of combing the domestic and foreign military defense castle type system, from the natural environment of Yulin Town in Ming Dynasty.Based on the characteristics of human environment and the intertwined clues of military defense and human living life in the castle, this paper explores the problems of the emergence, development and change of human settlement environment in the context of military defense, and sums up its special human settlement.The basic features of site selection and construction are summarized, including the concept and method of planning and design of ancient military defense towns, the ecological wisdom and artistic image of traditional buildings under the influence of regional culture and natural conditions and resource constraints.Based on the clue of time, the view of historical materialism, and the evolution of natural environment, ecological environment and social environment in Yulin area, the thesis examines the commercialization of military castle.After the development of local urbanization and the development of new energy base, the relationship between man and land is tense, the ecological environment is deteriorating, and the industrial structure is unreasonable, which is the bottleneck of the development and construction of modern urban human settlement environment.And through the detailed investigation and research on the current situation of the military defense castle in Yulin Town in Ming Dynasty, by using the methods of classification, statistics and comparison, the paper summarizes four types of castle protection and development.In order to provide some experience for the protection of the same type of cultural heritage along the the Great Wall.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：K248;TU982.29

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