發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-02 14:37

  本文選題：樓面活荷載　切入點(diǎn)：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：建筑結(jié)構(gòu)樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的推斷是結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性評(píng)定工作中的一項(xiàng)非常重要的工作，是既有結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改造加固設(shè)計(jì)的重要依據(jù)，也是確定荷載規(guī)范中擬建結(jié)構(gòu)樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值取值的重要依據(jù)。在對(duì)建筑樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值進(jìn)行推斷的時(shí)候，若推斷值過(guò)大，會(huì)造成材料的浪費(fèi)、成本的提高；若推斷值過(guò)小，則會(huì)導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性的降低、安全性的不足。因此合理準(zhǔn)確的推斷建筑樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值是非常重要的。目前我國(guó)對(duì)大樣本情況下的樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的推斷理論和方法已經(jīng)比較成熟，我國(guó)的規(guī)范已給出了建筑樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的推斷方法。然而規(guī)范給出方法是以大樣本為前提條件的，但在工程實(shí)際中并不只存在大樣本的情況，有時(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)楦鞣N原因使得樣本容量不足而出現(xiàn)小樣本問(wèn)題，這時(shí)我們將不能再按照規(guī)范給出的大樣本方法進(jìn)行推斷，，否則推斷結(jié)果將不夠準(zhǔn)確，不能滿足實(shí)際情況的要求。而目前小樣本條件下的建筑樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的推斷還沒(méi)有很成熟的理論方法。 針對(duì)至今還沒(méi)有很好地解決的小樣本問(wèn)題，本文提出了兩種方法：第一種是利用極大值I型分布分位值的估計(jì)方法，建立的小樣本條件下建筑樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的推斷方法，可稱(chēng)之為線性回歸推斷方法；第二種方法則是以信度的相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ)，提出的小樣本條件下建筑樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的貝葉斯推斷方法，并對(duì)方差已知和方差未知兩種情況分別進(jìn)行了推導(dǎo)，給出了推導(dǎo)結(jié)果。文章最后以某商場(chǎng)樓面活荷載調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，按照三種方法分別對(duì)其進(jìn)行了推斷分析，并對(duì)推斷結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，得出了結(jié)論。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn)線性回歸方法相對(duì)比較準(zhǔn)確，而貝葉斯方法的誤差較大，但相對(duì)比較保守。文章最后給出了兩種小樣本推斷方法中一些參數(shù)的推薦取值。 論文的研究成果為小樣本條件下樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的推斷提供一種較為合理的方法，有利于對(duì)既有結(jié)構(gòu)的樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值做出更合理的估計(jì)，為確定擬建結(jié)構(gòu)的樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值提供了另一種方法，可為我國(guó)現(xiàn)行荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的修訂提供理論和方法上的參考。
[Abstract]:The estimation of the standard value of the living load on the floor of the building structure is a very important work in the reliability evaluation of the structure, and it is also an important basis for the reconstruction and reinforcement design of the existing structure.It is also an important basis for determining the standard value of the living load of the proposed structure floor in the load code.When inferring the standard value of living load of building floor, if the inferred value is too large, it will cause the waste of materials and the increase of cost, and if the inferred value is too small, it will lead to the reduction of structural reliability and the shortage of safety.So it is very important to infer the standard value of building floor live load reasonably and accurately.At present, the theory and method to infer the standard value of floor live load under the condition of large sample in our country has been quite mature, and the standard value of living load of building floor has been given in the code of our country.However, the method given in the specification is based on large samples, but there are not only large samples in engineering practice, but sometimes small sample problems occur due to the insufficient sample size for a variety of reasons.In this case, we will no longer be able to infer according to the large sample method given by the specification, otherwise, the inference results will not be accurate enough to meet the requirements of the actual situation.At present, there is no mature theoretical method to infer the standard value of living load of building floor under the condition of small sample.Aiming at the problem of small sample which has not been solved well up to now, this paper puts forward two methods: the first method is to estimate the standard value of living load of building floor under the condition of small sample by using the method of estimating the quantile of maximum I distribution.It can be called linear regression inference method, the second method is based on the theory of reliability, and the Bayesian inference method for the standard value of living load of building floor under the condition of small sample is put forward.The known variance and unknown variance are derived, and the results are given.Finally, based on the survey data of living load on the floor of a shopping mall, three methods are used to infer and analyze the living load of a shopping mall, and the inferred results are compared and analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn.Through comparative analysis, we can find that the linear regression method is relatively accurate, while the Bayesian method has a large error, but is relatively conservative.Finally, the recommended values of some parameters in two small sample inference methods are given.The research results of this paper provide a more reasonable method for estimating the standard value of floor live load under the condition of small sample, which is helpful to make more reasonable estimation of the standard value of floor live load of existing structure.Another method is provided for determining the standard value of floor live load of the proposed structure, which can be used as a theoretical and methodological reference for the revision of current load standards in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU312

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本文編號(hào)：1700863