本文選題：低碳建筑　切入點：全壽命周期理論　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和城鎮(zhèn)化水平的快速提升，我國能源消耗急劇上升，CO2排放量也急劇上升，給環(huán)境帶來巨大的壓力。而建筑作為CO2排放量的大戶，建筑能耗及釋放的CO2總量約占全國總量的1/3。目前我國正處于城鎮(zhèn)化快速發(fā)展的時期，據(jù)有關(guān)統(tǒng)計推算，“十二五”期間，我國城鎮(zhèn)累計新建建筑面積將達(dá)到40～50億平方米。我國近期目標(biāo)，到“十二五”期末，建筑節(jié)能將形成1.16億噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤節(jié)能能力，因此，發(fā)展低碳建筑，將成為建筑業(yè)發(fā)展不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的趨勢。為了推動低碳建筑的發(fā)展，必須構(gòu)建一套科學(xué)合理的低碳建筑評價體系。 本文首先對低碳建筑相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行分析，通過對低碳建筑的概念、發(fā)展歷程、與其它新型建筑的關(guān)系的分析，，加深了對低碳建筑的理解；其次介紹了全壽命周期理論，并以住宅建筑為例，把低碳建筑生命周期分為前期策劃、規(guī)劃設(shè)計、施工、運(yùn)營維護(hù)、拆除報廢五個階段，并在基于全壽命周期視角下對低碳建筑各階段影響因素進(jìn)行分析；同時借鑒國內(nèi)外綠色建筑評價指標(biāo)體系，結(jié)合低碳建筑的特點，通過實地調(diào)研和咨詢相關(guān)專家的形式，構(gòu)建一套適合我國現(xiàn)階段的低碳建筑評價指標(biāo)體系；由于低碳建筑評價過程中存在部分信息難以量化、評價指標(biāo)無量綱化的困難且評價結(jié)果也具有相對模糊性，本文選取模糊綜合評價法對低碳建筑進(jìn)行相關(guān)評價，并詳細(xì)論述了低碳建筑模糊綜合評價的方法；最后為了驗證評價指標(biāo)及方法的適用性，本文結(jié)合案例分析，通過調(diào)查問卷的方式收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)指標(biāo)，運(yùn)用模糊綜合評價法對該案例進(jìn)行相關(guān)評價，驗證了評價體系的有效性。最終實現(xiàn)對于低碳建筑的綜合評價。 本文基于全壽命周期視角下，運(yùn)用模糊綜合評價法對低碳建筑進(jìn)行相關(guān)評價的研究，在理論和實踐上都有一定的參考作用和價值，有利于更高效的控制低碳建筑的碳排放量，還有利于我國低碳建筑和節(jié)能減排的發(fā)展，為努力改善當(dāng)前環(huán)境，減少碳排放量提供一定的幫助。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the rapid improvement of urbanization level, the energy consumption in China is rising sharply and the CO2 emission is also rising sharply, which brings great pressure to the environment. The total amount of energy consumption and CO2 released from buildings accounts for about one third of the total national total. At present, China is in a period of rapid urbanization. According to relevant statistics, it is estimated that during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, The cumulative newly built building area of cities and towns in China will reach 40 to 5 billion square meters. In the near future, by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the building energy saving capacity will form 116 million tons of standard coal energy saving capacity. Therefore, the development of low-carbon buildings, In order to promote the development of low-carbon buildings, a set of scientific and reasonable evaluation system of low-carbon buildings must be constructed. In this paper, the related theories of low carbon building are analyzed, and the concept, development course and relationship between low carbon building and other new buildings are analyzed to deepen the understanding of low carbon building; secondly, the whole life cycle theory is introduced. Taking residential buildings as an example, the life cycle of low-carbon buildings is divided into five stages: early planning, planning, construction, operation and maintenance, demolition and scrapping. At the same time draw lessons from the evaluation index system of green building at home and abroad, combined with the characteristics of low-carbon building, through field investigation and consulting the form of relevant experts, build a set of low-carbon building evaluation index system suitable for the present stage of our country; Because some information is difficult to quantify and the evaluation index is dimensionless and the evaluation result is relatively fuzzy, this paper selects the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the low carbon building. Finally, in order to verify the applicability of the evaluation index and the method, this paper combines the case analysis, through the way of questionnaire to collect the relevant data index, in order to verify the applicability of the evaluation index and the method, the paper discusses the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of low carbon building in detail. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the case, which verifies the effectiveness of the evaluation system and finally realizes the comprehensive evaluation of low-carbon buildings. Based on the whole life cycle perspective, this paper uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to study the low carbon building evaluation, which has some reference value in theory and practice, which is conducive to more efficient control of carbon emissions of low-carbon buildings. It is also conducive to the development of low-carbon buildings and energy saving and emission reduction in China, and provides some help for efforts to improve the current environment and reduce carbon emissions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU201.5

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