本文選題：城市地下空間信息　切入點：數(shù)字地球　出處：《華東師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著地下管線、地下構筑物等城市地下空間基礎設施的規(guī)模和密度的增大,現(xiàn)代城市的規(guī)劃建設工作對地理空間對象的精確性和可視性提出了更高的要求,有效的管理并充分利用以地質鉆孔、地下管線和地下構筑物為代表的地下空間信息對現(xiàn)代城市的規(guī)劃建設工作顯得極為重要。目前,由于缺乏統(tǒng)一的數(shù)據(jù)組織標準和有效的信息共享機制,給殘缺不全且散落分布的城市地下空間信息的管理和利用增加了難度。另外,傳統(tǒng)的紙質地圖或二維電子地圖無法精確、直觀地描述城市地下空間對象的空間位置關系,不能滿足現(xiàn)代城市規(guī)劃建設對位置精度的要求。因此,高效的組織和管理城市地下空問數(shù)據(jù)并充分利用這些數(shù)據(jù)重現(xiàn)城市地下空間對象,實現(xiàn)城市地下空間的信息化和可視化,是現(xiàn)代城市信息化建設中的一項重要而緊迫的任務。以Google Earth為代表的數(shù)字地球平臺的出現(xiàn)以及KML地理信息編碼標準的確立改變了地理空間信息的服務模式,開創(chuàng)了地理空間信息交換、共享和可視化的新局面,也為實現(xiàn)城市地下空間的信息化和可視化提供了一條新的途徑。 本文從城市地下空間信息的高效管理和快速可視化的角度出發(fā),研究以地質鉆孔、地下管線、地下構筑物為代表的城市地下空間信息和以航空影像為代表的城市地表信息的組織與管理方法,提出基于數(shù)字地球平臺的城市地下空間對象的三維模擬與可視化方法,設計并實現(xiàn)“地下空間信息三維可視化管理系統(tǒng)”。在研究過程中,主要完成了以下工作： (1)介紹了城市地下空間信息三維模擬與可視化、數(shù)字地球和GIS等技術的總體概況,總結了城市地下空間信息管理和可視化的一般方法,分析了數(shù)字地球平臺的研究與應用現(xiàn)狀,確立了論文的研究目標、研究內(nèi)容和論文的組織結構。 (2)介紹了論文選取的典型研究區(qū)(上海市)的自然地理背景、社會經(jīng)濟狀況、區(qū)域地質概況和地下空間開發(fā)利用情況。 (3)詳細介紹了以Google Earth為代表的數(shù)字地球平臺及其地理數(shù)據(jù)交換格式——KML,闡述了使用HTML設計Google Earth地標描述氣泡框的方法。 (4)研究了地質鉆孔、地下管線和地下構筑物的數(shù)據(jù)組織標準,設計了相應的數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲結構。 (5)研究了城市地下空間信息的數(shù)據(jù)模型,提出了基于數(shù)字地球平臺的地下空間對象的三維可視化方法,重點論述了地質鉆孔在數(shù)字地球平臺上的三維模擬與可視化方法,通過研究區(qū)的實際鉆孔數(shù)據(jù)驗證了這些方法的有效性和實用性。 (6)為了揭示城市地下空間信息與地表地物之間的空間關聯(lián)關系,研究了高分辨率航空影像在數(shù)字地球平臺上的快速顯示方法。 (7)利用VC++調用Google Earth API設計開發(fā)了一個“地下空間信息三維可視化管理系統(tǒng)”,集成了地下空間信息管理、空間坐標轉換、KML格式數(shù)據(jù)轉換、地下空間對象可視化、屬性數(shù)據(jù)與幾何數(shù)據(jù)交互查詢以及數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布與共享等功能。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the size and density of underground pipelines, underground structures such as city underground space infrastructure, put forward higher requirements of modern city planning and construction work of the accuracy and visibility of geographic space objects, effective management and make full use of the geological drilling, underground space information under ground pipelines and underground structures on behalf of the planning and construction of modern city is very important. At present, due to the lack of unified standard of data organization and effective information sharing mechanism, and utilization of city underground space information to incomplete and scattered management more difficult. In addition, the traditional paper map or two-dimensional electronic map can not accurately describe. The spatial relationship of city underground space objects, can not meet the requirement of modern city planning and construction of the position accuracy requirements. Therefore, efficient organization and management of the city Underground space data and make full use of these data to reproduce the city underground space, realize the informatization and visualization of city underground space, is an important and urgent task of modern city informatization construction. The establishment of digital earth platform with Google Earth as the representative of the appearance and KML geographic information encoding standard changed geographic information the service model, creating a new situation of geospatial information exchange, sharing and visualization, but also provides a new way for the informatization and visualization of city underground space.
This paper from the efficient management of city underground space information and rapid visual angle, research on geological drilling, underground pipelines, underground space and city information from aerial images as the representative of the city surface information organization and management methods of underground structures as the representative of the proposed 3D simulation and visualization of city underground space object digital earth platform based on the design and implementation of the "underground space information visualization management system. In the course of the study, mainly completed the following work:
(1) the city underground space information for 3D modeling and visualization, the general situation of digital earth and GIS technology, summarizes the general methods of city underground space information management and visualization, analyzes the present situation of research and application of digital earth platform, establishes the research goal, research content and organizational structure of the thesis.
(2) the natural geographical background, social and economic situation, the general situation of regional geology and the development and utilization of underground space are introduced in the typical study area (Shanghai city).
(3) in detail, the digital earth platform represented by Google Earth and its geographic data exchange format KML are introduced in detail, and the way to design bubble map using HTML to design Google Earth landmarks is expounded.
(4) the data organization standards of geological boreholes, underground pipelines and underground structures are studied, and the corresponding database storage structure is designed.
(5) data model of city underground space information, put forward the method of 3D visualization of underground space objects based on digital earth platform, focuses on the 3D simulation and visualization in digital earth platform on geological drilling, by studying the actual drilling data verify the validity and practicability of these methods.
(6) in order to reveal the spatial correlation between urban underground space information and surface objects, a fast display method of high-resolution aerial images on the digital earth platform is studied.
(7) using VC++ Earth API calls the Google design and development of a "underground space information visualization management system, integrated information management of underground space, space coordinate conversion, KML format, data conversion, spatial visualization function, interactive query of attribute data and geometry data exchange and data publishing and sharing.

【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;TU984.113

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