本文選題：電梯　切入點(diǎn)：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電梯作為垂直運(yùn)輸工具已成為現(xiàn)代物質(zhì)文明的標(biāo)志之一,涉及電子技術(shù)、微機(jī)技術(shù)、土建工程、電力電子技術(shù)、機(jī)械工程、電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)等多個(gè)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域,是綜合機(jī)電一體化應(yīng)用的復(fù)雜運(yùn)輸設(shè)備。隨著現(xiàn)代化城市的發(fā)展,電梯已經(jīng)成為城市居民日常工作、生活中幾乎隨時(shí)都能接觸到的設(shè)備,關(guān)系到人民群眾的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。目前,電梯安全問(wèn)題已成為我國(guó)制度的一部分,相關(guān)部門(mén)逐漸加大力度建立健全我國(guó)電梯安全制度,因此,完善電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)體系研究是十分緊迫和重要的。 目前,我國(guó)電梯從安裝到使用,僅涉及電梯的安裝驗(yàn)收和定期檢驗(yàn)層面,關(guān)于電梯的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)方面涉及較少,因此,本文通過(guò)對(duì)電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做出相關(guān)情況介紹和評(píng)價(jià)研究,以通過(guò)預(yù)警分析為目的,建立一套日常維護(hù)、檢驗(yàn)電梯的基本理論體系。本文首先對(duì)電梯的基本知識(shí)做出相關(guān)介紹,指出電梯可能存在的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn),然后,編輯實(shí)際檢驗(yàn)的電梯資料、各部件及相關(guān)設(shè)備做出檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目表；其次,對(duì)電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)進(jìn)行模糊評(píng)價(jià)法和事故樹(shù)評(píng)價(jià)法,將各項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目和依據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)依次列出,從而更加清晰、快捷地應(yīng)用到實(shí)際的檢驗(yàn)工作當(dāng)中,尤其是電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)模糊法的應(yīng)用,不僅建立了傷害等級(jí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、也建立了改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)和措施的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),同時(shí)指出各項(xiàng)依據(jù)的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),規(guī)范了電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的程序和檢驗(yàn)規(guī)程。電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)也是我國(guó)電梯年檢的必然趨勢(shì),為今后電梯的設(shè)計(jì)制造、運(yùn)行、檢驗(yàn)等提供決策依據(jù),建立了科學(xué)的、可預(yù)測(cè)的管理體系,使其變得更加安全、合理、有效益,同時(shí)極大地提高了評(píng)價(jià)的工作效率,提供了一種能預(yù)測(cè)、預(yù)防電梯故障方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)電梯在安全性能和經(jīng)濟(jì)投入的有效鍥入點(diǎn)。 本文對(duì)電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的研究不僅僅停留在理論探討階段,而且借鑒了國(guó)內(nèi)一些制造企業(yè)、維保單位和檢驗(yàn)單位的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),制定了更加科學(xué)合理的電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)規(guī)程,具有較強(qiáng)的可操作性。電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)是理論與實(shí)踐的有效結(jié)合,它不僅能降低電梯維護(hù)人員的工作強(qiáng)度,同時(shí)極大地減少了電梯安全事故的發(fā)生,保護(hù)了人民群眾生命安全和避免財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的實(shí)踐證明和數(shù)據(jù)分析,切實(shí)證實(shí)了該課題的可行性和有效性,該評(píng)價(jià)為電梯的設(shè)計(jì)、制造、安裝、維保、運(yùn)行提供了決策依據(jù),建立了科學(xué)的、可預(yù)測(cè)的安全管理體系,同時(shí)盡快形成一套風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警機(jī)制,因此電梯安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)也必將成為未來(lái)我國(guó)電梯檢驗(yàn)的必然趨勢(shì)。同時(shí)課題的研究也為今后的電梯制造和發(fā)展提供了有效的參考,研究?jī)?nèi)容具有較大的理論及實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:As a vertical transportation tool, elevator has become one of the symbols of modern material civilization, involving many scientific fields, such as electronic technology, microcomputer technology, civil engineering, power electronics technology, mechanical engineering, electric drive system, etc. With the development of modern cities, elevators have become the daily work of urban residents and can be reached at almost any time in their daily life. At present, elevator safety has become a part of the system of our country. The relevant departments have gradually stepped up efforts to establish and improve the elevator safety system of our country. It is very urgent and important to perfect the research of elevator safety risk evaluation system. At present, the elevator in our country from installation to use, only involves the elevator installation acceptance and periodic inspection level, regarding the elevator safety risk evaluation aspect involves less, therefore, Through the introduction and evaluation of elevator safety risk, this paper establishes a set of basic theory system of daily maintenance and test elevator through early warning analysis. Firstly, this paper introduces the basic knowledge of elevator. The paper points out the possible safety risk of elevator, and then edits the actual inspection information of elevator, the inspection items list of each component and related equipment, secondly, carries on the fuzzy evaluation method and the accident tree evaluation method to the elevator safety risk evaluation, The evaluation items and criteria are listed in turn, so that they can be applied to the actual inspection work more clearly and quickly, especially the application of fuzzy method of elevator safety risk evaluation. Not only has the database of injury grade been established, The database of improving opinions and measures is also established, and the relevant standards are pointed out, and the procedures and inspection rules of elevator safety risk assessment are standardized. The elevator safety risk assessment is also an inevitable trend of elevator annual inspection in China. In order to provide the decision basis for the design, manufacture, operation and inspection of the elevator in the future, a scientific and predictable management system is established to make it safer, more reasonable and more effective, and at the same time, the work efficiency of evaluation is greatly improved. A method to predict and prevent elevator faults is provided to realize the effective entry point of elevator safety performance and economic input. The study of elevator safety risk evaluation in this paper not only stays in the theoretical stage, but also draws lessons from the practical experience of some domestic manufacturing enterprises, maintenance and maintenance units and inspection units. A more scientific and reasonable regulation of elevator safety risk assessment is formulated, which has strong operability. Elevator safety risk evaluation is an effective combination of theory and practice, which can not only reduce the working intensity of elevator maintenance personnel, At the same time, it has greatly reduced the occurrence of elevator safety accidents, protected the lives of the people and avoided the loss of property. Through long-term practice and data analysis, the feasibility and effectiveness of the project have been confirmed. The evaluation provides a decision basis for the design, manufacture, installation, maintenance and operation of elevators, establishes a scientific and predictable safety management system, and forms a set of risk warning mechanism as soon as possible. Therefore, elevator safety risk assessment will become an inevitable trend of elevator inspection in China in the future. At the same time, the research of the subject also provides an effective reference for the future elevator manufacture and development, and the research content has great theoretical and practical application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU857

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