本文關(guān)鍵詞： 鋼筋網(wǎng)水泥砂漿面層 抗震加固 砌體結(jié)構(gòu) 振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)　出處：《中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：歷次震害表明，未經(jīng)設(shè)防或者依照早期規(guī)范設(shè)防的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)震害較為嚴(yán)重，造成了嚴(yán)重的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。本文以該類磚砌體結(jié)構(gòu)為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)模擬地震振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了鋼筋網(wǎng)水泥砂漿面層加固方法的有效性，給出砌體結(jié)構(gòu)破壞狀態(tài)判別方法，為砌體結(jié)構(gòu)特別是老舊砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行抗震鑒定和加固提供借鑒與參考，對(duì)該類量大面廣的城鄉(xiāng)房屋的防震減災(zāi)有著重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值。 首先按照上世紀(jì)70年代抗震規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)了一棟抗震設(shè)防為VII度的三層磚砌體辦公樓，經(jīng)抗震鑒定，需要進(jìn)行抗震加固。采用鋼筋網(wǎng)水泥砂漿面層加固方法僅對(duì)一、二層進(jìn)行加固，三層作為對(duì)比層未進(jìn)行加固，按照1:4的縮尺比例得到試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ�。�?duì)模型制作中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究，，包括模型磚塊尺寸的確定，鋼絲網(wǎng)、水泥砂漿、磚砌體的材料協(xié)同工作等方面；給出了模型材料的選擇、相似關(guān)系的確定、構(gòu)造措施的做法、加固面層的做法等；詳述了模型中各個(gè)構(gòu)件的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式以及細(xì)節(jié)構(gòu)造措施。確定了模擬地震振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)方案，包括墻體豎向壓應(yīng)力的模擬、模型人工質(zhì)量和相似關(guān)系的確定，測(cè)試儀器及應(yīng)變片的布置方案，地震動(dòng)的選擇和輸入工況的確定等。 其次完成該模型的模擬地震振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)，對(duì)試驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象和試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析，試驗(yàn)分為三個(gè)階段。通過(guò)試驗(yàn)中加固樓層和未加固樓層、加固前和加固后的整體結(jié)構(gòu)、有無(wú)構(gòu)造性措施等對(duì)比，對(duì)墻體主要裂縫的分布、局部構(gòu)造性措施的作用等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，采用鋼筋網(wǎng)水泥砂漿面層加固后的磚砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震能力有較大程度的提高，加固層可到達(dá)到IX度“中震可修”和“大震不倒”的設(shè)防要求，而含未加固三層的整體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震烈度至少可提高一度達(dá)到VIII度抗震設(shè)防要求；加固前后樓層薄弱部位不同，破壞模式發(fā)生了改變，加固層的耗能和安全性均優(yōu)于未加固層；加固面層和原有墻體在地震作用下能很好的共同受力；加固面層中配筋加強(qiáng)帶和原磚墻中的圈梁、拉結(jié)筋等構(gòu)造措施能起到很好的抗倒塌作用。通過(guò)模型加速度反應(yīng)、位移反應(yīng)和應(yīng)變反應(yīng)等試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析，結(jié)構(gòu)一、二層加固后，未加固的三層加速度放大系數(shù)和層間位移發(fā)生突變，地震作用在抗側(cè)力構(gòu)件上的分配和計(jì)算時(shí)趨勢(shì)一致，加固后整體結(jié)構(gòu)變形曲線呈彎曲型。 最后討論了砌體結(jié)構(gòu)破壞狀態(tài)的判別方法，包括抗震能力和破壞模式兩個(gè)方面的判別。對(duì)鑒定規(guī)范的綜合抗震能力指數(shù)和楊玉成方法中抗震能力系數(shù)這兩個(gè)概念進(jìn)行深入探討，將楊玉成方法引入到抗震鑒定中，仍然采用現(xiàn)行鑒定規(guī)范的簡(jiǎn)單形式，給出三水準(zhǔn)抗震能力判別方法，同時(shí)給出了基于地震動(dòng)參數(shù)的計(jì)算公式；以墻片試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)墻片不同破壞模式的發(fā)生條件進(jìn)行了討論，給出破壞模式的實(shí)用判別方法。采用本文給出的結(jié)構(gòu)破壞狀態(tài)判別方法對(duì)三個(gè)算例進(jìn)行數(shù)值計(jì)算，與震害結(jié)果相對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:Previous earthquakes shows that without fortification or in accordance with the early seismic damage of masonry structure specification design is more serious, causing serious casualties and property losses. In this paper, the brick masonry structure as the research object, through the shaking table test to verify the effectiveness of strengthening method of reinforced cement mortar surface layer, state identification method given the damage of masonry structure, masonry structure especially old masonry structure seismic evaluation and strengthening for reference, the earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the large volume of urban housing has an important practical value.
According to the first century 70s seismic design of a seismic fortification to VII. Three layers of brick masonry building, the seismic evaluation, need for seismic reinforcement. The reinforced mortar layers of a strengthening method, two layer reinforcement, three layer as the contrast layer is not in accordance with the scale of reinforcement the 1:4 test model. Research on Key Technologies of model making, including the determination of the size of the wire mesh model, bricks, cement mortar, masonry materials to work together and so on; given the selection of model materials, the determination of similarity relation, structural measures, strengthening the surface layer of the practices described; each component in the model implementation details and construction measures. The shaking table test program, including simulation of vertical wall stress, determine the model of artificial quality and similarity relation, tester The arrangement of the device and the strain gauge, the selection of the ground motion and the determination of the input condition.
Secondly, the shaking table test of the model, the experimental phenomena and analyze the test data, the test is divided into three stages. Through the experiment in strengthening floors and strengthened floors, the overall structure before and after strengthening, there is no constructive measures such as contrast, distribution of major cracks in the wall, the local structure of the effect of measures are discussed. Experimental results show that the reinforced mortar layers reinforced brick masonry structure seismic capacity has greatly improved, the reinforcing layer to reach IX degrees "in the earthquake can repair requirements" and "earthquake does not fall" and without fortification, the overall seismic strengthening three layer structure intensity can be improved at least once reached VIII degrees seismic fortification requirements; reinforced floor weak parts of different, changed the failure mode, strengthening energy consumption and safety level are higher than those of reinforced layer; surface strengthening The original layer and the wall can be a very good common stress under earthquake; reinforcement layer in reinforcing belt and the original brick wall of the ring beam, Rachel tendons and other structural measures can play a very good role. Through the model of anti collapse acceleration response, displacement response and strain response data and test analysis, structure a two storey reinforced, UN reinforced three layer acceleration amplification coefficient and displacement mutation, the earthquake distribution in the lateral components and the calculation of the same trend, after strengthening the overall structure of curvebending type.
Finally discusses the discrimination method of damage state of masonry structure, including two aspects distinguishing seismic capacity and damage mode. To explore the two concepts of seismic capacity of comprehensive seismic capacity index appraisal standard and method of Yang Yucheng coefficient, the Yang Yucheng method was introduced to seismic evaluation, still using the simple form of the current identification code. The discriminant method of seismic capacity are three level, and gives the calculation formula based on the ground motion parameters; based on the test data of wall based on the wall condition of different failure modes were discussed, given the failure mode of the practical discriminant method. State estimation method is used in the numerical calculation of three examples using this structure damage the comparison with the damage results, verify the feasibility of the method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.11;TU364

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