【摘要】：現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)品研發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)中廣泛采用自頂向下、由粗到精、由整體到局部的設(shè)計(jì)方式,但由于結(jié)構(gòu)非常簡(jiǎn)單的零件也需要花費(fèi)相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間進(jìn)行功能、結(jié)構(gòu)、工藝等方面的重新設(shè)計(jì),如果能將現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品或技術(shù)通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)構(gòu)修改等來(lái)滿足新功能要求,則在保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的同時(shí),可以有效降低成本,強(qiáng)化零部件之間、裝配體之間、甚至產(chǎn)品之間的繼承關(guān)系。因此,設(shè)計(jì)重用對(duì)于企業(yè)來(lái)講具備重大戰(zhàn)略意義。三維模型因其包含多層次的信息集合、豐富的視覺(jué)細(xì)節(jié)而得到越加廣泛的應(yīng)用:基于三維數(shù)字化模型的產(chǎn)品全生命周期管理是現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)制造的重要發(fā)展趨勢(shì);同時(shí),企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中積累了大量的、豐富的三維模型,研究如何從產(chǎn)品海量CAD模型中快速、有效地查找出所需模型,充分挖掘和發(fā)現(xiàn)其蘊(yùn)含的信息和知識(shí)并對(duì)其加以重用,是加快產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)進(jìn)程、縮短產(chǎn)品制造響應(yīng)周期、提高產(chǎn)品研制質(zhì)量的重要途徑之一。農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械由于交互對(duì)象的復(fù)雜性等研制過(guò)程同一般機(jī)械產(chǎn)品相比困難較多,將較為前沿的設(shè)計(jì)方法逐步應(yīng)用到農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械中對(duì)于提高我國(guó)整體農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平具有無(wú)可替代的重要意義;以文本關(guān)鍵字為基礎(chǔ)的文本匹配方式由于其自身固有的描述性缺陷在模型海量增長(zhǎng)情況下已不能適應(yīng)新時(shí)代下對(duì)三維模型的重用要求�；诖�,基于內(nèi)容的三維模型自動(dòng)檢索技術(shù)在農(nóng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)重用中具備越加重要的研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文在總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外三維模型檢索的研究思路、層次、技術(shù)之后,重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了以下三方面研究:(1)一種基于距離面積幾何特征的單個(gè)模型整體相似性評(píng)價(jià)方法。基于統(tǒng)計(jì)特征的三維模型整體搜索方法因其原理易于理解,算法效果良好得到了廣泛的研究。本文算法通過(guò)對(duì)經(jīng)典形狀分布算法進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充性改進(jìn),優(yōu)化隨機(jī)取點(diǎn)方式后減少采樣點(diǎn)數(shù)量并增加模型面與面之間的面積比值特征,在提高復(fù)雜模型分辨率的同時(shí)能較大地提升算法時(shí)間性能;最后利用離線特征提取技術(shù)與在線模型匹配技術(shù),進(jìn)行三維CAD模型整體相似性評(píng)價(jià)。(2)一種基于模擬退火算法的模型局部結(jié)構(gòu)挖掘方法�？紤]到大多通用評(píng)價(jià)方法不適用于模型典型局部結(jié)構(gòu),本文對(duì)模擬退火方法在模型局部結(jié)構(gòu)中的挖掘能力進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。算法對(duì)模型幾何拓?fù)鋵傩赃M(jìn)行總結(jié)研究之后,以屬性鄰接圖為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建相應(yīng)鄰接矩陣,改變搜尋思路,將在大圖中尋找小圖的問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為使用模擬退火算法對(duì)模型關(guān)聯(lián)屬性圖的最大團(tuán)進(jìn)行挖掘,最終以蟻群以及遺傳算法作為對(duì)比,試驗(yàn)證明算法可以作為初步的啟發(fā)式局部結(jié)構(gòu)挖掘方法。(3)針對(duì)以上兩種算法,以C++作為算法開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言,以Visual Studio.NET2008為集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境,Open Cascade為幾何造型平臺(tái),以部分農(nóng)機(jī)專業(yè)模型與通用模型為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,開(kāi)發(fā)了基于Windows程序風(fēng)格的三維數(shù)字化模型檢索系統(tǒng),便于進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)重用。
[Abstract]:In modern product development and design, the top-down, coarse to fine and integral to local design methods are widely used. However, because the parts with very simple structure also take quite a long time to redesign in the aspects of function, structure, process, etc. If the existing product or technology can meet the new functional requirements through appropriate structural modification, it can effectively reduce the cost and strengthen the inheritance relationship between parts, assemblies and even products while ensuring the product quality. Therefore, design reuse is of great strategic significance to enterprises. 3D model is more and more widely used because of its multi-level information set and rich visual details. The product lifecycle management based on 3D digital model is an important development trend of modern product design and manufacture. At the same time, the enterprise has accumulated a large number of rich three-dimensional models in the process of production. This paper studies how to quickly and effectively find the required model from the massive product CAD model, fully mining and discovering the information and knowledge contained in it and reusing it. It is one of the important ways to speed up the process of product development, shorten the response period of product manufacture and improve the quality of product development. Because of the complexity of interactive objects, the development process of agricultural machinery is more difficult than that of general mechanical products. The application of more advanced design methods to agricultural machinery is of irreplaceable significance for improving the overall level of agricultural mechanization in China. Because of its inherent descriptive defects, the text matching method based on text keywords can not meet the requirements of reusing 3D models in the new era under the condition of massive growth of models. Based on this, the automatic retrieval technology of 3D model based on content has more and more important research value in the reuse of agricultural machinery design. After summarizing the research ideas, levels and techniques of 3D model retrieval at home and abroad, this paper focuses on the following three aspects: (1) A method for evaluating the global similarity of a single model based on geometric features of distance area. The global search method of 3D model based on statistical features is easy to understand and the algorithm has been widely studied. In this paper, the classical shape distribution algorithm is improved to reduce the number of sampling points and increase the area ratio between the model surface and the surface. The time performance of the algorithm can be greatly improved while improving the resolution of the complex model. Finally, the global similarity of 3D CAD model is evaluated by off-line feature extraction and on-line model matching. (2) A method of local structure mining based on simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. Considering that most general evaluation methods are not suitable for typical local structures of models, this paper verifies the mining ability of simulated annealing methods in local structures of models. After summarizing and studying the geometric and topological attributes of the model, the algorithm constructs the corresponding adjacency matrix based on the adjacent graph of the attributes, and changes the search thinking. The problem of finding a small graph in a large graph is transformed into mining the largest cluster of associated attributes in the model using simulated annealing algorithm, and finally taking ant colony and genetic algorithm as the comparison. Experiments show that the algorithm can be used as a preliminary heuristic local structure mining method. (3) for the above two algorithms, C is taken as the algorithm development language and Visual Studio.NET2008 as the integrated development environment, Open Cascade as the geometric modeling platform. A 3D digitized model retrieval system based on Windows program style is developed with part of agricultural machinery professional model and general model as experimental object, which is convenient for design reuse.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S220;TP391.7

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本文編號(hào)：2322528