【摘要】：地圖數(shù)據(jù)是GIS(地理信息系統(tǒng))的一個(gè)重要組成部分,是GIS提供其他服務(wù)的可靠性和有效性的重要保障。因此地圖數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量的高低一直是地圖生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的關(guān)注重點(diǎn),隨著數(shù)字制圖技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,地圖數(shù)據(jù)檢查有了較為成熟的理論,相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)檢查軟件也層出不窮,但大量的軟件主要集中在檢查地圖數(shù)據(jù)的空間精確性、屬性完整性以及數(shù)據(jù)的現(xiàn)實(shí)性等方面,對(duì)于空間數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的當(dāng)然是精確性,但地圖本身是各類地理要素在平面上的簡(jiǎn)化、投影與反映,而各類地理要素之間存在著相互依存的復(fù)雜的空間關(guān)系,而地圖數(shù)據(jù)空間關(guān)系的檢查則需要豐富的制圖經(jīng)驗(yàn)和實(shí)地考察經(jīng)驗(yàn),而這類檢查往往被普通軟件所忽略的,只能依靠地圖審校人員的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行人工檢查。本文主要完成的工作如下：(1)對(duì)照國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了GIS空間分析的研究和應(yīng)用進(jìn)展,并針對(duì)GIS對(duì)地圖空間數(shù)據(jù)檢查系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用相關(guān)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了論述,其核心技術(shù)包括緩沖分析檢查,疊加運(yùn)算以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析方法；介紹了GIS空間分析的基本理論、技術(shù)體系和基本方法,以及地圖數(shù)據(jù)的檢查流程、檢查內(nèi)容和檢查方法,為下一步利用GIS空間分析解決相應(yīng)問(wèn)題提供了基礎(chǔ)；(2)研究了地圖生產(chǎn)中的成果數(shù)據(jù)中出現(xiàn)幾率比較高的一系列問(wèn)題,并分析了問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因；對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了需求分析和架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),重點(diǎn)論述了系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理功能、空間分析功能和數(shù)據(jù)檢查功能；(3)基于ArcGIS設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了相關(guān)功能：充分利用ArcGIS的空間分析功能和MicroStation系統(tǒng)的制圖編輯功能；針對(duì)地圖數(shù)據(jù)編輯中出現(xiàn)的各類問(wèn)題,基于空間分析算法,設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)檢查模型,解決了諸如水系、居民地、道路等重要圖層中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤問(wèn)題,并在地圖生產(chǎn)中得到了初步驗(yàn)證。研究工作表明：利用GIS空間分析可以實(shí)現(xiàn)地圖數(shù)據(jù)的檢查,尤其針對(duì)復(fù)雜的只能依賴于審校人員制圖經(jīng)驗(yàn)的空間關(guān)系處理方面的檢查。
[Abstract]:Map data is an important part of GIS (Geographic Information system) and an important guarantee for the reliability and effectiveness of other services provided by GIS. Therefore, the quality of map data has always been the focus of attention in the process of map production. With the continuous development of digital cartography technology, map data inspection has a more mature theory, and the corresponding data checking software is emerging in endlessly. But a lot of software focuses on checking the spatial accuracy of map data, the integrity of attributes, the reality of the data, and so on. The most important thing for spatial data is, of course, accuracy. But the map itself is the simplification, projection and reflection of all kinds of geographical elements in the plane. On the other hand, the checking of spatial relationship of map data needs rich cartographic experience and field inspection experience, but this kind of inspection is often ignored by common software, and it can only be checked manually by the experience of map revisers. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research and application progress of GIS spatial analysis is analyzed compared with the current research situation at home and abroad, and the application technology of map spatial data checking system based on GIS is discussed. Its core technology includes buffer analysis check, superposition operation and network analysis method. This paper introduces the basic theory, technical system and basic method of GIS spatial analysis, as well as the checking flow, checking content and checking method of map data, which provides the foundation for the next step to use GIS spatial analysis to solve the corresponding problems. (2) A series of problems with high probability in the result data of map production are studied, and the causes of the problems are analyzed. The requirement analysis and architecture design of the system are carried out. The data preprocessing function, spatial analysis function and data checking function of the system are discussed in detail. (3) based on ArcGIS, the related functions are realized: make full use of the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS and the cartographic editing function of MicroStation system; In view of the problems in map data editing, based on the spatial analysis algorithm, the corresponding data checking model is designed, which solves the error problems in the important map layers such as water system, residential area, road and so on. And in the map production has been preliminarily verified. The research results show that the GIS spatial analysis can be used to check the map data, especially for the complex spatial relationship processing which can only depend on the cartographic experience of the revisers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)(工程管理與信息技術(shù)學(xué)院)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TP311.52

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