本文選題：大麥　切入點(diǎn)：嵌入式系統(tǒng)　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：大麥?zhǔn)且环N重要的農(nóng)作物,是生產(chǎn)啤酒的必備原料之一。在大麥生長過程中,病蟲害防治等田間管理的時(shí)效性,直接影響著大麥的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量。近年來,隨著信息科學(xué)與監(jiān)測技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)也在不斷改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)和創(chuàng)新完善。視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)已從早期的模擬式邁入了數(shù)字式監(jiān)控時(shí)代,由于計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,具有成本低、體積小、可靠性高、可擴(kuò)展、可裁剪、靈活性高等特點(diǎn)的嵌入式視頻監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)正在逐步成為數(shù)字監(jiān)控主流系統(tǒng),具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。本文提出了一種采用嵌入式與圖像傳感器等集成技術(shù)的大麥田間圖像信息采集和無線傳輸系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。本系統(tǒng)采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)方法,主要設(shè)計(jì)了視頻采集模塊、無線傳輸模塊和網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控終端模塊等,實(shí)現(xiàn)了大麥田間圖像信息的采集和無線傳輸。本文主要完成以下幾方面的分析研究與設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)內(nèi)容:(1)系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)在分析系統(tǒng)需求和比較經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)性能的基礎(chǔ)上,確定了嵌入式處理器、ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)部件、圖像傳感器、無線網(wǎng)橋規(guī)格、Linux操作系統(tǒng)等的選擇,完成了系統(tǒng)總體技術(shù)方案設(shè)計(jì)。(2)系統(tǒng)硬件選型設(shè)計(jì)本系統(tǒng)的硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中,以適應(yīng)大麥田間狀況的高效圖像采集和可靠視頻傳輸為目標(biāo),參考項(xiàng)目前期已有研究并結(jié)合新技術(shù),選擇確定了S3C6410處理器、CMOS圖像傳感器OV9650、無線網(wǎng)卡88w8686和太陽能光伏供電系統(tǒng)等硬件設(shè)備,設(shè)計(jì)搭建了系統(tǒng)硬件平臺。(3)嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)本系統(tǒng)選用C語言進(jìn)行嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)。主要完成了微控制器的Linux操作系統(tǒng)編譯環(huán)境的搭建,包括交叉編譯器的安裝和虛擬機(jī)的選擇,實(shí)現(xiàn)了虛擬機(jī)與主機(jī)之間文件共享、Bootloader的移植、Linux內(nèi)核的移植和根文件系統(tǒng)的移植等軟件集成工程。(4)視頻采集與處理軟件設(shè)計(jì)本系統(tǒng)采用Video4Linux設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了視頻圖像的采集、基于H.264標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的視頻編碼、基于FFmpeg的H.264解碼優(yōu)化,同時(shí)也實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于RTP/RTCP協(xié)議的視頻傳輸。(5)系統(tǒng)性能實(shí)驗(yàn)本系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了多輪數(shù)據(jù)采集和傳輸測試實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明其性能滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求,數(shù)據(jù)壓縮率在93%-98%之間,傳輸誤碼率在2%以內(nèi)。因此本大麥田間圖像信息采集和傳輸系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)對于類似農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)研發(fā)具有一定的借鑒作用和參考意義。
[Abstract]:Barley is an important crop and one of the essential ingredients for beer production.In the process of barley growth, the timeliness of field management, such as pest and disease control, directly affects the yield and quality of barley.In recent years, with the rapid development of information science and monitoring technology, video surveillance system is constantly improving design and innovation.Video surveillance system has entered the digital monitoring era from the early analog, because of the rapid development of computer network technology, it has the advantages of low cost, small volume, high reliability, expandability and tailoring.The embedded video surveillance network system with high flexibility is gradually becoming the mainstream digital surveillance system and has a broad development prospect.This paper presents a design of barley field image information acquisition and wireless transmission system based on embedded and image sensor technology.This system adopts the modular design method, mainly designs the video collection module, the wireless transmission module and the network monitoring terminal module, realizes the barley field image information collection and the wireless transmission.This paper mainly completes the following aspects of analysis, research, design and development contents: 1) the overall design of the system. On the basis of analyzing the system requirements and comparing the economic and technical performance, the embedded processor ZigBee network node component, image sensor, is determined.Selection of Linux operating system for Wireless Bridge specifications, the hardware selection design of the system is completed. The hardware selection design of this system is aimed at high efficiency image collection and reliable video transmission to meet the field conditions of barley.Referring to the previous research of the project and combining with the new technology, the hardware devices such as S3C6410 processor CMOS image sensor OV9650, wireless network card 88w8686 and solar photovoltaic power supply system are selected.Design and build the hardware platform of the system. 3) the embedded system software design this system chooses C language to carry on the embedded system software design.The compiling environment of Linux operating system of microcontroller is built, including the installation of cross-compiler and the choice of virtual machine.This paper realizes the software design of file sharing bootloader between virtual machine and host, such as transplanting Linux kernel and transplanting root file system, etc. The software of video acquisition and processing is designed. This system uses Video4Linux to realize video image acquisition.Video coding based on H.264 standard, H.264 decoding optimization based on FFmpeg, video transmission based on RTP/RTCP protocol.The results show that the performance meets the design requirements, the data compression ratio is between 93-98% and the transmission error rate is less than 2%.Therefore, the design and implementation of the field image information acquisition and transmission system for barley has some reference value for the research and development of similar agricultural production monitoring system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S512.3;TP391.41

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