本文選題：車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)　切入點(diǎn)：跨層　出處：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),車聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Internet of Vehicles)技術(shù)在智慧交通系統(tǒng)(Intelligent Transport System,ITS)領(lǐng)域呈現(xiàn)出多樣化發(fā)展趨勢(shì),車與車(Vehicles to Vehicles, V2V)之間數(shù)據(jù)通信對(duì)于獲取交通工具間相互狀態(tài),充電信息,事故信息等具有重要的意義。車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Vehicular Ad hoc Network,VANET)路由協(xié)議是車聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的一個(gè)重要研究部分,它是一種集通信工程、交通工程與網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程于一體的交叉學(xué)科。由于VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)渥兓l繁,應(yīng)用范圍主要在城市與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)街道,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中每一輛車作為一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn),其移動(dòng)過(guò)程與道路布局及路邊障礙物阻擋比移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)(MANET)更復(fù)雜。因此,有針對(duì)性地設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)出相對(duì)可靠、高效率的路由協(xié)議是研究VANET的研究重心。本文研究了幾種經(jīng)典的VANET路由協(xié)議AODV,DSDV,DSR, GPSR,這幾種路由協(xié)議中存在的單一分層結(jié)構(gòu)局限性及考慮因素較少所導(dǎo)致的分組投遞率低、平均端到端時(shí)延較高等問(wèn)題。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,本文提出一種基于位置信息的多因素影響下車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)跨層路由協(xié)議(A Multi-factor Cross-Layer Position-based Routing protocol for VANET, MCLPR),該多跳傳輸協(xié)議通過(guò)提取來(lái)自于MAC層相關(guān)信息與多種因素考慮加權(quán)來(lái)提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可靠性與高效性,共同作用實(shí)現(xiàn)算法層面的提升與優(yōu)化。該協(xié)議具有如下特點(diǎn):(1)綜合考慮了車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)信息,相關(guān)道路信息,無(wú)線鏈路質(zhì)量中信號(hào)對(duì)噪聲加干擾比(SNIR),MAC層誤幀率(FER)信息等方面的影響。(2)提出了路口車輛選擇策略與非路口車輛選擇策略,提出路口車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)算法(Algorithm for vehicles selection at intersections, AVSI)和非路口 車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)算法(Algorithm for vehicles selection of non-intersections, AVSNI)。其中,道路路口交通情況比較復(fù)雜,則路口車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)算法考慮車輛位置,速度,路口密度,無(wú)線鏈路質(zhì)量,MAC層信息等信息,通過(guò)權(quán)重值計(jì)算所得最優(yōu)結(jié)果判定車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)在路口處下一跳節(jié)點(diǎn)的選取;在非路口車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)算法中,車輛行駛情況相對(duì)單一,具有一定預(yù)測(cè)性,通過(guò)位置,方向等因素選擇下一跳節(jié)點(diǎn)。(3)由于在VANET中車輛移動(dòng)模型是動(dòng)態(tài)的,在該協(xié)議中引入存儲(chǔ)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)技術(shù)與位置修正機(jī)制進(jìn)一步保證每一跳信息傳遞的可靠性。通過(guò)在該路由協(xié)議中引入動(dòng)態(tài)HELLO_STREAM信息流來(lái)弱化數(shù)據(jù)傳輸時(shí)對(duì)該協(xié)議性能產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響。仿真過(guò)程中,通過(guò)一系列操作獲取某特定區(qū)域地圖模型并進(jìn)行抽象轉(zhuǎn)化,采用Bonnmotion產(chǎn)生經(jīng)典車輛移動(dòng)軌跡Manhattan Grid模型,與NS3網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬器相結(jié)合,對(duì)MCLPR與AODV,DSDV, DSR,GPSR進(jìn)行性能對(duì)比仿真。分別改變網(wǎng)絡(luò)中車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù),車輛速度,車輛傳播半徑,對(duì)上述幾種路由協(xié)議在分組投遞率(Packet Deliver Radio, PDR)與平均端到端延時(shí)(Average End to End Delay)兩種分析指標(biāo)進(jìn)行仿真。通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)處理后得出結(jié)論,在一定區(qū)域內(nèi)相同條件下,MCLPR分組投遞率優(yōu)于作為對(duì)比的幾種路由協(xié)議;在較大車輛密度下,MCLPR路由協(xié)議平均端到端時(shí)延方面優(yōu)于其他幾種車聯(lián)網(wǎng)路由協(xié)議;在其他條件相同的情況下,傳播半徑越大,MCLPR路由協(xié)議的分組投遞率越高,平均端到端時(shí)延越低。
[Abstract]:In recent years, car Networking (Internet of Vehicles) technology in the intelligent transportation system (Intelligent Transport System, ITS) areas showing a diversified development trend, the car and the car (Vehicles to, Vehicles, V2V) for data communication between each other, transport between the charging information, plays an important role in accident information. Vehicular ad hoc network (Vehicular Ad hoc Network VANET) routing protocol is an important part of vehicle networking technology, it is a set of communication engineering, an interdisciplinary traffic engineering and network engineering. Because the VANET network topology changes frequently, the scope of application of the main streets in the city and township, every car in the network as a mobile node, the process and the layout of the road and roadside obstacles than mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is more complicated. Therefore, to design and realize a relatively reliable, high The efficiency of the routing protocol is the research focus of VANET research. This paper studies the VANET routing protocol of several classic AODV, DSDV, DSR, GPSR, single layered structure limitations of these routing protocols and packet delivery rate is low considering the factors are less in the average end to end delay is higher. To solve these problems in this paper, a multi factor location information based on vehicular ad hoc network cross layer routing protocol (A Multi-factor Cross-Layer Position-based Routing protocol for VANET, MCLPR), the multi hop transmission protocol provided by them to the MAC related information and a variety of factors to consider weighting to improve network reliability and efficiency of algorithm to enhance the level and optimize the interaction. The protocol has the following characteristics: (1) considering the vehicle node information, road information, wireless link quality signal 瀵瑰櫔澹板姞騫叉壈姣，

本文編號(hào)：1638295