本文選題：宏觀基本圖　切入點：Vissim仿真　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市交通系統(tǒng)是使人類生活更加便捷的重要組成部分,也是各大城市經(jīng)濟建設(shè)和社會高速發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。隨著汽車保有量的快速增長,城市交通擁堵問題也越來越明顯,在很大程度上已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重制約了城市發(fā)展,同時也影響了居民的正常生活。因此,如何快速地發(fā)現(xiàn)交通擁堵現(xiàn)象并及時采取有效的解決措施,是當(dāng)代智能交通系統(tǒng)(ITS)領(lǐng)域的一個重要研究課題。近些年來,隨著各類信息采集技術(shù)的發(fā)展和廣泛應(yīng)用,智能交通系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入了大數(shù)據(jù)時代。相對于傳統(tǒng)的固定檢測器技術(shù),浮動車信息采集技術(shù)具有易于安裝維護(hù)、數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確度高、信息量大等特點,已逐漸成為城市交通狀態(tài)分析的一種重要數(shù)據(jù)來源。本文以北京市浮動車數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),基于Vissim仿真平臺對實際路網(wǎng)的復(fù)現(xiàn),研究了北京市望京城區(qū)路網(wǎng)的宏觀基本圖(MFD),并從宏觀角度分析其宏觀基本圖的存在性及存在條件,進(jìn)一步對路網(wǎng)進(jìn)行了區(qū)域劃分和分析。首先,本文對實際采集的浮動車數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理。然后,通過Vissim仿真平臺將北京市望京城區(qū)的路網(wǎng)進(jìn)行了復(fù)現(xiàn),并根據(jù)相關(guān)計算方法得出北京市望京路網(wǎng)24個車輛入口的車流量。通過Vissim的仿真得出路網(wǎng)中各路段的平均速度、時間占有率等參數(shù),進(jìn)一步通過計算得出整個路網(wǎng)的平均密度、平均速度和平均流量。從而可以得出宏觀基本圖的三種模型圖形,并進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié)。其次,通過Vissim仿真得出的望京路網(wǎng)中各路段的平均速度、時間占有率等參數(shù),可以計算出各個路段的平均速度、平均密度和平均流量�；趩温范魏途W(wǎng)格,根據(jù)主成份相關(guān)性分析方法從微觀角度分析MFD的存在性,并逐漸增加路段數(shù)或網(wǎng)格數(shù),分析需要多少相關(guān)路段或網(wǎng)格,使得MFD較為清晰。同時還分析了條狀區(qū)域(道路)MFD的存在性問題和路網(wǎng)中網(wǎng)格的結(jié)構(gòu)對最終的MFD是否有影響。最后,利用相關(guān)性分析方法所得結(jié)論,將望京路網(wǎng)區(qū)域劃分為八個區(qū)域進(jìn)行分析,然后依次合并為四個區(qū)域、三個區(qū)域和兩個區(qū)域,并對分區(qū)后各個區(qū)域的MFD進(jìn)行對比分析,得出北京市望京城區(qū)路網(wǎng)相對更優(yōu)的區(qū)域劃分方式。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic system is an important part of making human life more convenient, and it is also the foundation of economic construction and rapid social development in major cities. With the rapid growth of vehicle ownership, the problem of urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more obvious. To a large extent, it has seriously restricted the development of the city and also affected the normal life of the residents. Therefore, how to find traffic jams quickly and take effective measures in time, In recent years, with the development and wide application of various kinds of information collection technology, the intelligent transportation system has entered the big data era. Compared with the traditional fixed detector technology, the intelligent transportation system has entered the era of big data. Floating vehicle information collection technology is characterized by easy installation and maintenance, high accuracy of data and large amount of information, and has gradually become an important data source for urban traffic state analysis. This paper is based on floating vehicle data in Beijing. Based on the reappearance of the actual road network based on Vissim simulation platform, this paper studies the macroscopic basic map of the road network in Wangjing City, Beijing, and analyzes the existence and condition of the macroscopic basic map from the macroscopic point of view. First of all, this paper preprocesses the actual data collected by floating vehicles. Then, the road network of Wangjing City in Beijing is reappeared through Vissim simulation platform. According to the relevant calculation method, the traffic flow of 24 vehicle entrances in Wangjing Road Network in Beijing is obtained. The average speed, time occupation rate and other parameters of each section of the road network are obtained by the simulation of Vissim, and the average density of the whole road network is further obtained by calculating the average density of the whole road network. The average speed and average flow can be obtained from the three model figures of the macroscopic basic map, and analyzed and summarized. Secondly, the average speed and time occupation rate of each section of the Wangjing road network can be obtained by Vissim simulation and other parameters, such as the average speed and the time occupation rate of each section of the Wangjing road network, etc. The average speed, average density and average flow of each section can be calculated. Based on the single section and grid, the existence of MFD is analyzed from the microscopic point of view according to the principal component correlation analysis method, and the number of sections or meshes increases gradually. Analyze how many related sections or grids are needed to make the MFD more clear. At the same time, we also analyze the existence of the strip area and whether the grid structure in the road network has an impact on the final MFD. Finally, By using the correlation analysis method, the Wangjing road network area is divided into eight regions, then merged into four regions, three regions and two regions, and the MFD of each region after the partition is compared and analyzed. Get Beijing Wangjing city road network relatively better regional division.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP311.13;U491

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