本文關(guān)鍵詞： 機(jī)器視覺 多指針式儀表 圖像處理技術(shù) 模式匹配 識別模塊　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：百分表由于其使用方便,抗干擾能力強(qiáng),目前已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)和生活中。它的功能主要是用來測量微小位移量,長時間的高頻率使用,會使百分表產(chǎn)生誤差。產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和安全與百分表的準(zhǔn)確度有著密不可分的關(guān)系,因此對百分表的精度檢定是非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。根據(jù)國家計量部門制定的專門檢定規(guī)程,百分表的檢定周期一般不超過1年。現(xiàn)如今百分表的檢定工作大多數(shù)都是檢定人員長時間用肉眼觀察儀表的讀數(shù)并記錄數(shù)據(jù),這種高強(qiáng)度長時間地觀察容易使人眼感到疲憊,并且引入不確定的人為誤差,檢定精度受到影響。本文設(shè)計的多指針式指示儀表識別模塊包括圖像的采集系統(tǒng),圖像預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)以及儀表讀數(shù)識別系統(tǒng)。該識別模塊運(yùn)用工業(yè)相機(jī)、光學(xué)鏡頭、照明光源等設(shè)備搭建采集系統(tǒng)硬件平臺,并利用計算機(jī)軟件設(shè)計實(shí)現(xiàn)表盤圖像處理和讀數(shù)識別。機(jī)器視覺代替人眼技術(shù)與圖像自動處理技術(shù)相結(jié)合,將圖像信息轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信息從而得到儀表的讀數(shù)。將該識別模塊應(yīng)用在百分表全自動檢定系統(tǒng)中,消除人眼讀數(shù)視覺疲勞的同時還可以提高讀數(shù)效率和精度。多指針式指示儀表識別模塊中儀表圖像應(yīng)用CMOS型工業(yè)相機(jī)采集,通過USB傳輸線將儀表圖像傳輸給計算機(jī)。圖像預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)做進(jìn)一步預(yù)處理操作。論文中儀表的讀數(shù)識別系統(tǒng)中采用了兩種算法�；舴蜃儞Q識別算法是在MATLAB軟件平臺驗(yàn)證實(shí)現(xiàn),該算法在預(yù)處理儀表圖像上檢測指針直線,通過計算得出直線的斜率,利用斜率求出直線夾角,從而得出儀表示值。模式匹配識別算法是在LabVIEW軟件平臺驗(yàn)證實(shí)現(xiàn),這種算法先將儀表盤上感興趣區(qū)域提取出來作為模板,通過LabVIEW中模式匹配子模塊進(jìn)行像素匹配。通過確定表盤零刻度位置、儀表指針位置和表盤圓心位置得出指針旋轉(zhuǎn)過的角度,最終得出讀數(shù)。通過實(shí)際驗(yàn)證,模式匹配識別算法滿足設(shè)計要求,最大識別誤差不超過正負(fù)0.003mm,可應(yīng)到百分表檢定系統(tǒng)中。本系統(tǒng)還設(shè)計了友好的人機(jī)界面,與百分表檢定系統(tǒng)完成銜接配合,為使用者提供方便。
[Abstract]:Because of its convenient use and strong anti-interference ability, the percentile meter has been widely used in practical production and daily life. Its function is mainly used to measure the small displacement and the use of high frequency for a long time. The quality and safety of the product are inextricably related to the accuracy of the percentile, so it is very important to verify the accuracy of the percentile. The verification period of a percentile is generally less than one year. Nowadays, most of the verification work of a percentile is made by the examiners who use the naked eye for a long time to observe the readings of the meter and record the data. This high intensity and long observation easily makes the human eye tired. The precision of verification is affected by the introduction of uncertain human error. The identification module of multi-index indicator instrument designed in this paper includes the image acquisition system. The image preprocessing system and the instrument reading recognition system are used to build the hardware platform of the acquisition system using industrial camera, optical lens, lighting source, etc. The computer software is used to realize the image processing and reading recognition of the dial. The machine vision technology is combined with the automatic image processing technology instead of the human eye. The image information is converted into digital information to get the reading of the instrument. The recognition module is applied in the automatic verification system of the percentile. At the same time, the reading efficiency and precision can be improved. The instrument image is collected by CMOS industrial camera in the identification module of multi-index indicator instrument. The instrument image is transmitted to the computer by USB transmission line. The image preprocessing system makes further preprocessing operation. In this paper, two algorithms are adopted in the instrument reading recognition system. The Hough transform recognition algorithm is verified and implemented on the MATLAB software platform. The algorithm detects the pointer line on the image of the preprocessing instrument, calculates the slope of the line, calculates the angle of the line by using the slope, and then obtains the indication value of the instrument. The pattern matching recognition algorithm is verified and implemented on the LabVIEW software platform. In this algorithm, the region of interest is extracted from the dashboard as a template, and the pixel matching is carried out through the pattern matching submodule in LabVIEW. The zero scale position of the dial is determined by determining the location of the zero scale of the dial. The pointer position of the meter and the center position of the dial are obtained by the rotation angle of the pointer, and the final reading is obtained. Through the actual verification, the pattern matching recognition algorithm meets the design requirements. The maximum recognition error is not more than plus or minus 0.003 mm, and it can be applied to the verification system of the percentile. The system also designs a friendly man-machine interface, which is connected with the verification system of the percentile meter and provides convenience to the user.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41

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