本文關(guān)鍵詞： 熵值法 GIS空間分析 最小累積阻力模型 生態(tài)安全 星云湖流域　出處：《長江流域資源與環(huán)境》2017年08期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：以星云湖流域自然人文環(huán)境特征、主要生態(tài)環(huán)境問題為出發(fā)點,結(jié)合景觀生態(tài)學(xué)原理方法、熵值法和GIS空間分析技術(shù),實現(xiàn)星云湖流域生態(tài)安全的空間分異格局及優(yōu)化。選取海拔高程、坡度、土壤侵蝕強度、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易發(fā)性、土地覆被(利用方式和植被覆蓋度)、人口密度、距自然保護區(qū)距離、距離建設(shè)用地和距水源距離等因素為阻力因子疊加生成綜合阻力要素,根據(jù)GIS空間成本距離分析原理,引用最小累積阻力模型識別構(gòu)建流域生態(tài)廊道和生態(tài)節(jié)點,進一步規(guī)劃優(yōu)化流域生態(tài)功能網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能。研究表明:(1)從各安全等級面積比例和平均生態(tài)安全指數(shù)角度,星云湖流域中度安全占流域總面積的45.81%,高度安全為25.24%,較低安全為21.05%,不安全占7.9%,平均生態(tài)安全指數(shù)為2.95,流域生態(tài)安全總體處于中度安全,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康一般,但部分地區(qū)生態(tài)安全性較低,主要分布在南部、東部和北部地區(qū),應(yīng)重視這些區(qū)域的生態(tài)保護和建設(shè);同時,坡度、水土流失因子和水資源(自然環(huán)境要素)、土地利用格局和距離建設(shè)用地(人類活動干擾要素)等因素是流域生態(tài)安全格局形成的主要因子;(2)識別規(guī)劃了中樞生態(tài)源、核心型生態(tài)源斑塊、一般生態(tài)源、多種級別的生態(tài)廊道和生態(tài)節(jié)點或戰(zhàn)略點等構(gòu)成的具有結(jié)構(gòu)性和層次性的流域生態(tài)安全網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局,對不同層次和結(jié)構(gòu)的生態(tài)源、生態(tài)廊道和生態(tài)節(jié)點或戰(zhàn)略點進行針對性建設(shè)保護,將有效提升流域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的功能價值性和系統(tǒng)的完整性,進而加強流域生態(tài)穩(wěn)定安全。
[Abstract]:Based on the characteristics of natural human environment and the main ecological environmental problems in Xingyun Lake basin, combined with landscape ecology principle method, entropy method and GIS spatial analysis technology. To realize spatial differentiation pattern and optimization of ecological security in Xingyun Lake basin. Select elevation, slope, soil erosion intensity, geological hazard vulnerability, land cover (use mode and vegetation coverage, population density). The factors such as distance from nature reserve, distance from construction land and distance from water source are the superposition of resistance factors to generate comprehensive resistance factors, according to the principle of GIS spatial cost distance analysis. The minimum cumulative resistance model is used to identify and construct watershed ecological corridors and ecological nodes. Further planning and optimizing the structure and function of the watershed ecological function network. The study shows that the proportion of each security grade area and the average ecological security index are considered. The moderate safety accounts for 45.81of the total area of the basin in Xingyun Lake basin, the high safety is 25.24m, the lower safety is 21.05, the insecurity is 7.9, the average ecological security index is 2.95. The ecological security of the watershed is generally in the moderate security and the ecosystem is generally healthy, but the ecological security in some areas is relatively low, mainly distributed in the south, east and north, so we should pay attention to the ecological protection and construction of these areas. At the same time, slope, soil and water loss factors and water resources (natural environment elements, land use patterns and distance construction land (disturbance factors of human activities) and other factors are the main factors of the formation of watershed ecological security pattern; 2) identifying and planning the central ecological source, the core ecological source patch and the general ecological source. Various ecological corridors and ecological nodes or strategic points with structural and hierarchical ecological security network pattern of different levels and structure of the ecological source. Ecological corridors and ecological nodes or strategic points of targeted construction and protection will effectively enhance the functional value of the watershed ecosystem and the integrity of the system, and then strengthen the ecological stability and security of the basin.
【作者單位】： 云南大學(xué)資源環(huán)境與地球科學(xué)學(xué)院云南省地理研究所;云南省高原湖泊流域污染過程與管理重點實驗室;
【基金】：云南省高原湖泊流域污染過程與管理重點實驗室開放基金項目(KH100992)“高原湖泊流域關(guān)鍵生態(tài)用地識別技術(shù)及空間優(yōu)化研究”~~
【分類號】：P208;P901;X524
【正文快照】： 目前,對生態(tài)安全的理解,有廣義和狹義兩種概念,廣義的以國際應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)分析研究所提出的概念最具代表:生態(tài)安全是包括自然生態(tài)安全、經(jīng)濟生態(tài)安全和社會生態(tài)安全在內(nèi)的復(fù)合人工生態(tài)安全系統(tǒng)[1];狹義的生態(tài)安全是自然和半自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的安全[2]�？傊�,生態(tài)安全本質(zhì)上是人類與環(huán)境

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