汽車沖壓停機(jī)問題管理的抽象與思路案例研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-31 19:41
【摘要】：沖壓是汽車生產(chǎn)制造過程四大工藝中的重要一環(huán)。在沖壓加工過程中,由于種種原因,會(huì)出現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)線被迫停止的狀況,即停機(jī)問題,這導(dǎo)致了生產(chǎn)效率的降低以及成本的增加。員工在處理停機(jī)問題時(shí),會(huì)產(chǎn)生許多經(jīng)驗(yàn),這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)都是寶貴的知識(shí),如果可以將這些知識(shí)獲取、整理、并進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展共享,對(duì)停機(jī)問題處理會(huì)有極大的幫助。本文分析了目前停機(jī)問題的相關(guān)研究狀況,提出借助CBR思想來實(shí)現(xiàn)停機(jī)問題管理和知識(shí)管理的有效結(jié)合。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合一線員工的需求,停機(jī)問題自身的特點(diǎn),以及將傳統(tǒng)CBR直接應(yīng)用到停機(jī)問題的不足,提出了抽象案例和思路案例兩種新的模型,并將其應(yīng)用到停機(jī)問題的知識(shí)管理中。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：(1)抽象案例模型。抽象案例模型是用于提供總結(jié)性的、通用的知識(shí)。本文首先提出了抽象案例的概念及模型表示,詳細(xì)分析了抽象案例模型的特點(diǎn),闡述了抽象案例的構(gòu)建過程。此外,針對(duì)抽象案例和具體案例各自的特點(diǎn)以及二者結(jié)合的優(yōu)勢(shì),設(shè)計(jì)了案例檢索策略。最后,通過實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了抽象案例推理不僅比傳統(tǒng)的CBR檢索效率高,還證明了抽象案例具有更強(qiáng)的啟發(fā)性,能夠提高用戶的知識(shí)水平,激發(fā)其創(chuàng)新能力。(2)案例相似度算法設(shè)計(jì)。抽象案例的構(gòu)建與推理都離不來相似度計(jì)算。因此,本文分析了停機(jī)問題中案例屬性的特點(diǎn),從內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)兩方面進(jìn)行考慮,設(shè)計(jì)了符合停機(jī)問題數(shù)據(jù)特點(diǎn)的相似度計(jì)算方法,并通過實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了方法的合理性。(3)思路案例模型。思路案例提供的是解決問題的思路,用于解決停機(jī)問題中同一問題有許多相似案例,或者某一問題沒有相似案例兩種情況。本文借鑒CCBR模型,提出思路案例推理框架。分析了停機(jī)問題中影響思考的因素,設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的方案排序算法。用具體實(shí)例證明了思路案例的可行性。本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容具有一定的意義。就現(xiàn)實(shí)意義而言,停機(jī)問題得到有效解決,生產(chǎn)效率改善,員工知識(shí)水平得到提高。就理論意義而言,從CBR角度,拓寬了CBR的思路；從解決問題的角度,將視角從當(dāng)前問題擴(kuò)展到當(dāng)類問題,提出將總結(jié)性知識(shí)與具體事例結(jié)合使用來解決問題。從知識(shí)管理的角度,一定程度上深化了知識(shí)管理的研究,從對(duì)“怎么做”此類知識(shí)的研究,深化到對(duì)“怎么想”此類思考過程的研究中。
[Abstract]:Stamping is an important part of the four major processes in the automobile manufacturing process. In the process of stamping, the production line is forced to stop due to various reasons, that is, the problem of shutdown, which leads to the reduction of production efficiency and the increase of cost. When employees deal with the problem of downtime, they will produce a lot of experience. These experiences are valuable knowledge. If they can acquire, organize and share these knowledge, it will be of great help to solve the problem of downtime. In this paper, the current research situation of shutdown problem is analyzed, and an effective combination of shutdown problem management and knowledge management is put forward with the help of CBR. On this basis, combined with the needs of the front-line staff, the characteristics of the shutdown problem itself, and the shortcomings of applying traditional CBR directly to the downtime problem, two new models, abstract cases and train of thought cases, are proposed. It is applied to the knowledge management of shutdown problem. The main contents are as follows: (1) Abstract case model. Abstract case models are used to provide summary, generic knowledge. In this paper, the concept and model representation of abstract case are put forward, the characteristics of abstract case model are analyzed in detail, and the construction process of abstract case is expounded. In addition, according to the characteristics of abstract cases and concrete cases and the advantages of combining them, a case retrieval strategy is designed. Finally, it is proved that abstract case reasoning is not only more efficient than traditional CBR retrieval, but also more enlightening and can improve the knowledge level of users. Stimulate its innovative ability. (2) case similarity algorithm design. Abstract case construction and reasoning are inseparable from similarity calculation. Therefore, this paper analyzes the characteristics of case attributes in the problem of downtime, considers the content and structure of the case, and designs a method to calculate the similarity according to the characteristics of the data of the problem of shutdown. The rationality of the method is verified by an example. (3) case model of train of thought. The thought case provides the idea of solving the problem. There are many similar cases in solving the same problem in the problem of downtime, or there are two kinds of cases in which there is no similar case in a given problem. Based on the CCBR model, this paper puts forward the framework of case-based reasoning. This paper analyzes the factors that influence the thinking in the problem of shutdown, and designs the corresponding scheduling algorithm. A practical example is given to prove the feasibility of the case. The research content of this paper has certain significance. As far as practical significance is concerned, the problem of downtime is solved effectively, the production efficiency is improved, and the knowledge level of employees is improved. Theoretically speaking, from the perspective of CBR, the idea of CBR is broadened, and from the angle of problem solving, the angle of view is extended from the current problem to the class problem, and it is proposed to combine the aggregate knowledge with concrete examples to solve the problem. From the angle of knowledge management, it deepens the research of knowledge management to a certain extent, from the study of "how to do" this kind of knowledge, to the study of "how to think" such thinking process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U466
本文編號(hào)：2397030
[Abstract]:Stamping is an important part of the four major processes in the automobile manufacturing process. In the process of stamping, the production line is forced to stop due to various reasons, that is, the problem of shutdown, which leads to the reduction of production efficiency and the increase of cost. When employees deal with the problem of downtime, they will produce a lot of experience. These experiences are valuable knowledge. If they can acquire, organize and share these knowledge, it will be of great help to solve the problem of downtime. In this paper, the current research situation of shutdown problem is analyzed, and an effective combination of shutdown problem management and knowledge management is put forward with the help of CBR. On this basis, combined with the needs of the front-line staff, the characteristics of the shutdown problem itself, and the shortcomings of applying traditional CBR directly to the downtime problem, two new models, abstract cases and train of thought cases, are proposed. It is applied to the knowledge management of shutdown problem. The main contents are as follows: (1) Abstract case model. Abstract case models are used to provide summary, generic knowledge. In this paper, the concept and model representation of abstract case are put forward, the characteristics of abstract case model are analyzed in detail, and the construction process of abstract case is expounded. In addition, according to the characteristics of abstract cases and concrete cases and the advantages of combining them, a case retrieval strategy is designed. Finally, it is proved that abstract case reasoning is not only more efficient than traditional CBR retrieval, but also more enlightening and can improve the knowledge level of users. Stimulate its innovative ability. (2) case similarity algorithm design. Abstract case construction and reasoning are inseparable from similarity calculation. Therefore, this paper analyzes the characteristics of case attributes in the problem of downtime, considers the content and structure of the case, and designs a method to calculate the similarity according to the characteristics of the data of the problem of shutdown. The rationality of the method is verified by an example. (3) case model of train of thought. The thought case provides the idea of solving the problem. There are many similar cases in solving the same problem in the problem of downtime, or there are two kinds of cases in which there is no similar case in a given problem. Based on the CCBR model, this paper puts forward the framework of case-based reasoning. This paper analyzes the factors that influence the thinking in the problem of shutdown, and designs the corresponding scheduling algorithm. A practical example is given to prove the feasibility of the case. The research content of this paper has certain significance. As far as practical significance is concerned, the problem of downtime is solved effectively, the production efficiency is improved, and the knowledge level of employees is improved. Theoretically speaking, from the perspective of CBR, the idea of CBR is broadened, and from the angle of problem solving, the angle of view is extended from the current problem to the class problem, and it is proposed to combine the aggregate knowledge with concrete examples to solve the problem. From the angle of knowledge management, it deepens the research of knowledge management to a certain extent, from the study of "how to do" this kind of knowledge, to the study of "how to think" such thinking process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U466
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