【摘要】：基于鋪層設計特征,提出一種使用碳纖維復合材料對承載結(jié)構(gòu)件進行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設計的方法和流程.該方法綜合考慮結(jié)構(gòu)幾何特征、材料鋪層方式、鋪層厚度及鋪層角度在設計環(huán)節(jié)中的序列關(guān)系,通過幾何設計空間構(gòu)建、離散變量多目標優(yōu)化、基于工藝可行性的最優(yōu)決策等方法實現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)設計.以碳纖維增強復合材料懸架控制臂的輕量化設計為例:首先,以鋼質(zhì)控制臂結(jié)構(gòu)為參考建立復合材料控制臂的幾何設計空間;然后,以復合材料鋪層便利性為原則對其進行結(jié)構(gòu)設計,采用準各向同性鋪層對控制臂的鋪層厚度進行設計;進而,以提高控制臂剛度和1階固有頻率為目標,使用優(yōu)化算法對鋪層角度進行多目標優(yōu)化設計;最后,以工藝可行性為約束對優(yōu)化結(jié)果進行篩選并最終完成結(jié)構(gòu)設計.結(jié)果表明,所設計復合材料結(jié)構(gòu)具有更大的剛度和1階固有頻率,并且與鋼質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)相比減重47.9%.所提出的方法能夠較好地兼顧結(jié)構(gòu)特征和復合材料設計要求之間的關(guān)系,為復合材料結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設計理論與方法的發(fā)展提供有益參考.
[Abstract]:Based on the characteristics of layering design, a method and flow chart for structural optimization design of load-bearing structural parts using carbon fiber composite materials is presented. The method synthetically considers the sequence relation of structure geometry characteristics, material layering mode, layer thickness and layering angle in the design link. Through geometric design space construction, discrete variable multi-objective optimization is carried out. The structure design is realized by the method of optimal decision based on process feasibility. Taking the lightweight design of carbon fiber reinforced composite suspension control arm as an example: firstly, the geometric design space of composite control arm is established by reference to the structure of steel control arm. Based on the convenience of composite lamination, the structure is designed, and the thickness of the control arm is designed by using quasi isotropic layer, and the aim is to improve the stiffness and the first order natural frequency of the control arm. The optimization algorithm is used for multi-objective optimization design of layering angle. Finally, the optimization results are screened with the constraints of process feasibility and the final structural design is completed. The results show that the designed composite structure has greater stiffness and first order natural frequency, and the weight loss of the composite structure is 47.9% than that of the steel structure. The proposed method can take into account the relationship between the structural characteristics and the design requirements of composite materials, and provides a useful reference for the development of the theory and method of structural optimization design of composite materials.
【作者單位】： 湖南大學汽車車身先進設計制造國家重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金面上項目(51575171) 中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費資助項目
【分類號】：U463.33;U465.6

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