本文選題：柴油機(jī) + 曲軸��； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著汽車行業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,人們對汽車的各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)都提出了更高的要求。汽車的噪聲,振動和平順性(NVH)是衡量汽車舒適性的重要指標(biāo),發(fā)動機(jī)作為整車振動的重要來源,已經(jīng)受到研究者和廠商的廣泛重視。曲軸是發(fā)動機(jī)重要的零部件,其性能的優(yōu)劣對發(fā)動機(jī)的整機(jī)性能產(chǎn)生非常大的影響。柴油機(jī)曲軸的扭振特性,以及疲勞可靠性的研究對于發(fā)動機(jī)的NVH有重要意義。本文以云內(nèi)4100柴油機(jī)作為研究對象,應(yīng)用有限元軟件ANSYS、多體動力學(xué)軟件ADAMS及Design Life疲勞壽命分析軟件,對曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了靜強(qiáng)度測試、動力學(xué)仿真以及疲勞壽命分析,主要進(jìn)行了以下工作:1)應(yīng)用三維軟件進(jìn)行建模及裝配,得到曲軸、連桿、活塞等零件的基本參數(shù),并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的力學(xué)分析。2)對曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行多剛體動力學(xué)仿真,得到其典型工況下的各個零件的運(yùn)動學(xué)關(guān)系。3)替換曲軸為柔性體,并進(jìn)行剛?cè)狁詈戏抡?對曲軸系進(jìn)行扭振的諧響應(yīng)分析,研究不同的轉(zhuǎn)速及負(fù)載對曲軸扭轉(zhuǎn)振動幅值的影響。結(jié)果表明,曲軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動隨發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速以及負(fù)載的提高,均存在變大的趨勢,且轉(zhuǎn)速對曲軸扭振的影響更為顯著。同時得到曲軸在穩(wěn)態(tài)過程中的各個主軸頸、連桿軸頸的壓力載荷譜,為進(jìn)一步的曲軸疲勞壽命研究,提供重要的載荷邊界條件。4)在ANSYS中生成有限元的模型,通過自由模態(tài)分析結(jié)果得到曲軸的固有頻率以及振型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)多體動力學(xué)仿真得到的極限載荷,對其進(jìn)行靜強(qiáng)度校核,結(jié)果表明,曲軸的靜強(qiáng)度超過其使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn),滿足要求。為后續(xù)的疲勞壽命分析提供依據(jù)。5)最后,結(jié)合多體動力學(xué)軟件得到的載荷譜與有限元分析所得的曲軸在各個工況下的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分析結(jié)果,以及通過材料的各項(xiàng)屬性擬合出S-N曲線,對曲軸做了疲勞壽命預(yù)測,分析疲勞壽命云圖的結(jié)果顯示,曲軸的最危險部位的壽命次數(shù)達(dá)到了1310,認(rèn)為曲軸不會發(fā)生疲勞破壞,達(dá)到了曲軸的壽命要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry, people put forward higher requirements for the performance of automobile. Vehicle noise, vibration and ride comfort (NVH) is an important index to measure vehicle comfort. As an important source of vehicle vibration, engine has been widely paid attention to by researchers and manufacturers. Crankshaft is an important part of engine. The torsional vibration characteristics and fatigue reliability of the crankshaft of diesel engine are of great significance to the engine NVH. In this paper, using finite element software ANSYS, multi-body dynamics software Adams and Design Life fatigue life analysis software, the static strength test, dynamic simulation and fatigue life analysis of crank linkage mechanism are carried out. The main work is as follows: (1) using 3D software to model and assemble, the basic parameters of crankshaft, connecting rod, piston and other parts are obtained, and the corresponding mechanical analysis .2) the multi-rigid-body dynamics simulation of crank and connecting rod mechanism is carried out. The kinematics relationship of each part under typical working condition was obtained. (3) the crankshaft was replaced by flexible body, and the torsional response of crankshaft system was analyzed by rigid-flexible coupling simulation, and the effect of different rotational speed and load on torsional vibration amplitude of crankshaft was studied. The results show that the torsional vibration of crankshaft tends to increase with the increase of engine speed and load, and the effect of rotating speed on torsional vibration of crankshaft is more obvious. At the same time, the pressure load spectrum of each spindle neck and connecting rod journal in the steady state process of crankshaft is obtained. For further research on the fatigue life of crankshaft, an important load boundary condition (.4) is established in ANSYS to generate the finite element model. The natural frequency and mode shape of the crankshaft are obtained by free mode analysis, and the static strength of the crankshaft is checked according to the limit load obtained by multi-body dynamics simulation. The results show that the static strength of the crankshaft exceeds its use standard. Meet the requirements. Finally, combined with the load spectrum obtained by the multi-body dynamics software and the stress and strain analysis results of the crankshaft obtained by finite element analysis under various working conditions, By fitting the S-N curve of the material, the fatigue life of the crankshaft is predicted. The result of analyzing the cloud diagram of the fatigue life shows that the number of life of the most dangerous part of the crankshaft is 1310. It is considered that the crankshaft will not be damaged by fatigue. The service life of crankshaft is met.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U464.133.2

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