本文關(guān)鍵詞： 倒車影像系統(tǒng) 電力線載波 H.264編解碼器 數(shù)字系統(tǒng) 車載電網(wǎng)　出處：《武漢工程大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：倒車影像系統(tǒng)(又稱倒車后視儀)是一種可視化輔助泊車系統(tǒng)。倒車時(shí),它通過(guò)安裝在車尾部的攝像頭將車后方的道路信息顯示在駕駛室內(nèi)的LCD上以供駕駛者參考,大大提高了泊車安全性。目前常見(jiàn)的倒車影像系統(tǒng)其視頻傳輸介質(zhì)基本采用AV信號(hào)線或Wi-Fi無(wú)線信號(hào)。但過(guò)長(zhǎng)的AV信號(hào)線不但會(huì)引入較多的噪聲干擾,而且安裝時(shí)還需打孔,既破壞了車體結(jié)構(gòu)又增加了安裝成本。而Wi-Fi傳輸雖免除了布線的煩惱,但無(wú)線信號(hào)傳輸?shù)姆�(wěn)定性欠佳。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,經(jīng)深入分析研究,本文提出了一種基于電力線載波傳輸技術(shù)的數(shù)字式倒車影像系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)以H.264編解碼器為核心,通過(guò)OFDM載頻技術(shù)和直流耦合電路將調(diào)制好的編碼信號(hào)耦合到車載直流電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)中進(jìn)行傳輸,然后由安放在駕駛室內(nèi)的接收端進(jìn)行接收并解碼顯示。此系統(tǒng)不僅免除了布線的煩惱,還借助了數(shù)字信號(hào)的強(qiáng)抗干擾特性使信號(hào)傳輸更穩(wěn)定,并且數(shù)字系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)展性好,后續(xù)還可在其上面作進(jìn)一步的功能開(kāi)發(fā)。本文首先對(duì)RGB與YCbCr兩種色彩編碼方案進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,得出YCbCr可在不明顯降低視覺(jué)效果的前提下能有效減少數(shù)據(jù)傳輸量的結(jié)論。并以此為依據(jù),選擇了能夠輸出YCbCr編碼格式的NT99141數(shù)字?jǐn)z像頭作為本項(xiàng)目的圖像采集設(shè)備。其次,根據(jù)對(duì)視頻流壓縮的實(shí)際需求,本項(xiàng)目選取了集成有片內(nèi)H.264編解碼器的Nuvoton N32926U1DN處理器作為設(shè)計(jì)的核心,然后繞該處理器進(jìn)行了相關(guān)外圍電路的設(shè)計(jì),如:電源電路,信號(hào)耦合電路、SyncLCD接口電路、以太網(wǎng)接口電路等。同時(shí),為了解決車載直流電網(wǎng)上的隨機(jī)擾動(dòng)對(duì)載波信號(hào)傳輸帶來(lái)的干擾問(wèn)題,項(xiàng)目中選取了可對(duì)載波子信道通信質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評(píng)估的型號(hào)為L(zhǎng)W-MPA524A電力貓模塊。再以設(shè)計(jì)好的硬件平臺(tái)為基礎(chǔ),以Linux系統(tǒng)為核心,進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)編譯環(huán)境的搭建與程序開(kāi)發(fā)。最后在以電源箱和信號(hào)源搭建的模擬環(huán)境中對(duì)本系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,本系統(tǒng)在幀率為8~10fps的情況下畫面依就能夠流暢顯示,滿足了作為倒車影響系統(tǒng)對(duì)畫面流暢度提出的基本要求。因此本文提出的基于電力線載波傳輸技術(shù)的數(shù)字式倒車影像系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案切實(shí)可行,具有廣闊的發(fā)展空間。
[Abstract]:The rear-view system is a visual auxiliary parking system that displays road information at the rear end of the vehicle on the LCD in the cab for the driver's reference when the vehicle is backed up by a camera installed at the rear of the vehicle. The security of parking is greatly improved. At present, the video transmission medium of the common reversing image system basically uses AV signal line or Wi-Fi wireless signal. But the long AV signal line will not only introduce more noise interference, but also need to be perforated when installed. The Wi-Fi transmission eliminates the trouble of wiring, but the stability of wireless signal transmission is not good. In this paper, a digital reversing image system based on power line carrier transmission technology is proposed, which is based on H.264 codec. Through the OFDM carrier frequency technology and the DC coupling circuit, the modulated coded signal is coupled to the on-board DC power network for transmission. Then the receiver is placed in the cab to receive and decode the display. This system not only eliminates the trouble of wiring, but also makes the signal transmission more stable with the help of the strong anti-interference characteristic of digital signal, and the digital system has good expansibility. In this paper, we compare the two color coding schemes of RGB and YCbCr. It is concluded that YCbCr can effectively reduce the amount of data transmission without obviously reducing the visual effect. Based on this, the NT99141 digital camera which can output YCbCr coding format is selected as the image acquisition equipment of this project. According to the actual demand for video stream compression, this project selects Nuvoton N32926U1DN processor integrated with on-chip H.264 codec as the core of the design, and then designs the related peripheral circuits around the processor, such as: power supply circuit. The signal coupling circuit includes Sync LCD interface circuit, Ethernet interface circuit and so on. At the same time, in order to solve the interference problem caused by random disturbance of on-board DC network to carrier signal transmission, In the project, the model that can evaluate the communication quality of carrier subchannel is LW-MPA524A electric cat module. Then, based on the designed hardware platform, the Linux system is the core. Finally, the system is tested in the simulation environment of power box and signal source. The test results show that, The system can display the picture smoothly when the frame rate is 8 ~ 10fps. It meets the basic requirements for the screen fluency of the reversing system, so the design scheme of the digital reversing image system based on the power line carrier transmission technology is feasible and has a wide development space.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U463.6

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