本文關(guān)鍵詞：側(cè)風(fēng)環(huán)境中車輛出隧道過程的氣動(dòng)特性研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 側(cè)風(fēng) 車輛出隧道 氣動(dòng)特性 瞬態(tài)數(shù)值模擬

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)公路通車?yán)锍痰闹鹉暝黾右约捌嚤Ｓ辛康难杆僭鲩L(zhǎng),我國(guó)正快速進(jìn)入汽車社會(huì)。我國(guó)各種地勢(shì)地貌相當(dāng)復(fù)雜,特別是以山區(qū)居多,山地和丘陵占居全國(guó)總面積的三分之二以上。為保證道路的連續(xù)性和合理性,經(jīng)常采用建設(shè)隧道來穿越山嶺。近年來,我國(guó)公路隧道通車?yán)锍毯妥鶖?shù)逐年增多。我國(guó)為多風(fēng)國(guó)家,當(dāng)車輛由隧道內(nèi)駛出時(shí),由于車輛是由相對(duì)封閉的空間進(jìn)入開放空間,汽車本身的空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)特性會(huì)發(fā)生很大的變化,加之受到風(fēng)的影響,汽車的側(cè)傾力會(huì)急劇變化,導(dǎo)致失控和側(cè)翻等交通事故。另外,在實(shí)際道路行駛時(shí),車輛不可避免的會(huì)發(fā)生跟隨以及并行,此時(shí)車身周圍氣流的會(huì)發(fā)生變化,從而帶來車輛行駛安全問題。本文采用基于動(dòng)態(tài)分層法的動(dòng)網(wǎng)格技術(shù)對(duì)側(cè)風(fēng)環(huán)境中車輛駛出隧道過程的氣動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行研究,分析所涉及的流動(dòng)現(xiàn)象和力學(xué)結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系并且得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)論。具體如下：首先對(duì)單輛貨車駛出隧道的過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值計(jì)算,將計(jì)算結(jié)果與前人實(shí)驗(yàn)值及穩(wěn)態(tài)數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,計(jì)算結(jié)果誤差在允許范圍內(nèi),為后續(xù)的數(shù)值模擬提供了依據(jù)和保證。研究單輛貨車駛出隧道過程的氣動(dòng)特性,設(shè)置4種不同的行駛速度以及4種不同的風(fēng)速進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。發(fā)現(xiàn)貨車在駛出隧道后其阻力系數(shù)變小,且側(cè)風(fēng)速度越大時(shí),貨車駛出隧道后的阻力系數(shù)越大,其側(cè)向力系數(shù)也越大。貨車的氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)在隧道出口前后發(fā)生了較大的波動(dòng),且側(cè)風(fēng)速度越大,貨車周圍的流速及壓力分布越不均勻,其氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)波動(dòng)越大,行駛安全性越差。研究側(cè)風(fēng)狀態(tài)下兩輛車相互尾隨出隧道時(shí)兩車的氣動(dòng)特性,將車速設(shè)置為30m/s,設(shè)置4種不同的側(cè)風(fēng)速度,引入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)轎車模型并變換轎車和貨車的前后位置進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩車相互尾隨時(shí)前后兩車的阻力系數(shù)均有一定程度的減小,且前車車型大時(shí)后車阻力系數(shù)減小的幅度也大。前車的尾渦對(duì)后車有一定的影響,使后車的氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)發(fā)生波動(dòng),且前車車型大后車車型小時(shí)前車對(duì)后車的影響最為明顯,前車車型小后車車型大時(shí),后車受前車影響較小。研究側(cè)風(fēng)狀態(tài)下兩輛車并行駛出隧道時(shí)兩車的氣動(dòng)特性,同樣固定車速,設(shè)置4種不同的側(cè)風(fēng)速度,并變換迎風(fēng)側(cè)的車型進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩貨車并行時(shí)左右兩車的阻力系數(shù)的值和變化趨勢(shì)基本一致,在無側(cè)風(fēng)時(shí)左右兩車的側(cè)向力系數(shù)絕對(duì)值基本相等,但側(cè)向力方向相反,有側(cè)風(fēng)時(shí)左邊背風(fēng)側(cè)貨車的側(cè)向力系數(shù)絕對(duì)值小于右邊迎風(fēng)側(cè),且左邊貨車的切向力系數(shù)與阻力系數(shù)的比值小于1,說明右車對(duì)側(cè)風(fēng)有一定的屏蔽作用。轎車在右邊迎風(fēng)側(cè)貨車在左背風(fēng)側(cè)時(shí),兩車的阻力系數(shù)變化趨勢(shì)一致,無側(cè)風(fēng)時(shí)兩車的側(cè)向力方向相反,大小基本一致,隨著側(cè)風(fēng)速度的增加左右兩車的側(cè)向力系數(shù)均有所增加,但左邊貨車的增加幅度減小,且左邊貨車切向力系數(shù)與阻力系數(shù)的比值大于1,說明小轎車對(duì)側(cè)風(fēng)有一定的屏蔽作用,但由于迎風(fēng)面積較小,所以該作用表現(xiàn)不明顯。貨車在右邊迎風(fēng)側(cè)轎車在左邊背風(fēng)側(cè)時(shí),由于貨車迎風(fēng)面積較大,對(duì)側(cè)風(fēng)的屏蔽作用大,導(dǎo)致小轎車的側(cè)向力系數(shù)絕對(duì)值很小且切向力系數(shù)與阻力系數(shù)的比值小于1,氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)波動(dòng)明顯。本文探討了車輛在側(cè)風(fēng)下駛出隧道時(shí)的氣動(dòng)特性規(guī)律,從空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的角度解釋了隧道出口多發(fā)生交通事故的原因,為有風(fēng)天氣時(shí)車輛在隧道的安全行駛提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of China's highway mileage has increased year by year, the amount of automobile, China has quickly entered the automobile society. China's various terrain topography is very complex, especially in the mountainous areas are mountainous and hilly country occupies more than 2/3 of the total area of the road. In order to ensure the rationality and continuity, are often used in tunnel construction to pass through the mountains. In recent years, China's highway tunnel traffic mileage and seat number increased year by year. China's wind state, when the vehicle is in the tunnel exit, because the vehicle is composed of a relatively closed space into the open space, the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle itself will change a lot, and affected by the wind roll, the car will change sharply, resulting in loss of control and rollover accidents. In addition, in the real road, the vehicle will inevitably occur following and parallel, the body around the gas The flow will change, leading to the safety of the vehicle. The dynamic characteristics of dynamic mesh technique and dynamic layering method of vehicle crosswind in the process of gas out of the tunnel based on study, the relationship between the flow phenomena and mechanical results involved and draw the corresponding conclusion. As follows: firstly, the process of truck out of the tunnel and the numerical calculation, the numerical simulation results and experimental values and the steady-state results were compared, the results error is in the allowable range, provide the basis and guarantee for the subsequent study. Numerical simulation of a truck out of the tunnel of the aerodynamic characteristics of 4 different speed and 4 different wind speed were analyzed. Found the truck pulled out of the tunnel in after the drag coefficient is smaller, and the crosswind velocity is large, the truck pulled out after the tunnel resistance coefficient is Large, the lateral force coefficient is large. The aerodynamic coefficients of trucks have biggish fluctuation at the tunnel exit before and after, and the greater the crosswind velocity, flow velocity and pressure distribution of the truck around the less uniform, the aerodynamic coefficients of larger fluctuation, the driving safety is worse. Of two cars are under crosswind conditions trailing out of the tunnel when the two car aerodynamic characteristics, the speed will be set to 30m/s, set 4 different crosswind velocity, introducing a standard car model and transform the cars and trucks of front and rear position were analyzed. Two reduced vehicle tail at any time before and after the two car drag coefficient to a certain extent, and the first car models when the car drag coefficient reduced greatly. The wake before the car has certain effect on the car, the car's aerodynamic coefficients after fluctuations, and before the car car after the car before the car vehicle hour effect on the car is the most obvious, the vehicle in front of the car After the small car models when the car is less affected by the car. Study under crosswind conditions of two cars and two cars running out of the tunnel when the aerodynamic characteristics of the same fixed speed, setting 4 different crosswind velocity, and transform the windward side models are compared and analyzed. It is found that the drag force coefficients of two trucks in parallel about two of the car value and is basically the same trend. The lateral force coefficient about two car in side wind the absolute value is basically the same, but the lateral force in the opposite direction, with side wind coefficient of lateral force left the leeward side of the absolute value of less than truck on the right and left the windward side, the vehicle tangential force coefficient and resistance ratio the coefficient is less than 1, indicating the right car has a shielding effect on the car on the right side. The crosswind windward truck on the leeward side left, two car drag coefficient of the same trend, no side wind side force two cars in the opposite direction, the size is consistent with. The increase of lateral force coefficient increased about two with crosswind speed of the car, but the increase of the left truck decreases, and the ratio of tangential force coefficient and vehicle drag coefficient is greater than 1, indicating the car has a shielding effect on crosswind, but because the windward area smaller, so the effect is not obvious. In the van the car on the left side of the leeward side of the windward side, as the truck windward area is larger, the shielding effect of the crosswind, leading to lateral force coefficient of the absolute value of the car is very small and the ratio of tangential force coefficient and drag coefficient is less than 1, the aerodynamic coefficient fluctuates significantly. This paper discusses the dynamic characteristics of vehicle driving under cross wind tunnel when the gas, explains why many traffic accidents occurred in the tunnel exit from the angle of aerodynamics, as wind weather vehicle in the tunnel driving safety provides a theoretical basis.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U461.1

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 孫殿杰;谷良賢;龔春林;;伸縮翼氣動(dòng)特性估算方法研究[J];飛行力學(xué);2012年01期

2 張培紅;周乃春;鄧有奇;馬明生;;雷諾數(shù)對(duì)飛機(jī)氣動(dòng)特性的影響研究[J];空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2012年06期

3 林榮生,胡競(jìng)嶸,王厚雄,田興華;用風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)測(cè)定車輛的橫風(fēng)氣動(dòng)特性[J];鐵道學(xué)報(bào);1984年01期

4 唐良銳;柔性飄帶氣動(dòng)特性初探[J];氣動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)與測(cè)量控制;1996年01期

5 董程棟,葉衛(wèi)國(guó);鼓包對(duì)舵的氣動(dòng)特性影響研究[J];航空學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期

6 郝江南;蔡晉生;劉鄭州;;新概念輪翼氣動(dòng)特性實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];實(shí)驗(yàn)流體力學(xué);2011年02期

7 張鋒;韓慶;劉星;;戰(zhàn)損飛機(jī)縱向氣動(dòng)特性分析[J];航空計(jì)算技術(shù);2013年02期

8 邢愛國(guó),高廣運(yùn),吳世明;高速滑坡飛行氣動(dòng)特性的風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)研究[J];同濟(jì)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2002年05期

9 武頻,趙潤(rùn)祥,郭錫福;雙組尾翼彈氣動(dòng)特性計(jì)算與分析[J];空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期

10 陳維建,張大林;霜狀結(jié)冰及其對(duì)機(jī)翼氣動(dòng)特性影響的數(shù)值模擬(英文)[J];Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronau;2005年01期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 劉剛;張玉倫;陳作斌;;捆綁火箭亞跨超氣動(dòng)特性及載荷分布計(jì)算[A];第十屆全國(guó)計(jì)算流體力學(xué)會(huì)議論文集[C];2000年

2 朱建陽;周超英;汪超;紀(jì)文英;;折展撲翼氣動(dòng)特性分析[A];中國(guó)力學(xué)大會(huì)——2013論文摘要集[C];2013年

3 吳文華;陳德華;陶洋;彭鑫;;大飛機(jī)氣動(dòng)特性數(shù)值模擬與優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[A];Proceedings of 14th Chinese Conference on System Simulation Technology & Application(CCSSTA’2012)[C];2012年

4 蔡國(guó)鈞;劉偉民;盧青;姚惠中;章子林;吳述成;;餅型輪自行車氣動(dòng)特性探測(cè)[A];第七屆全國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文摘要匯編[C];1991年

5 孟令濤;劉莉;雷娟棉;;低速飛行器的氣動(dòng)特性和流場(chǎng)分析[A];大型飛機(jī)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)高層論壇暨中國(guó)航空學(xué)會(huì)2007年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

6 趙波;黃飛;程曉麗;;橋函數(shù)方法在氣動(dòng)特性預(yù)測(cè)中的進(jìn)展與應(yīng)用[A];中國(guó)力學(xué)大會(huì)——2013論文摘要集[C];2013年

7 杜廣生;岳建雄;;隧道內(nèi)的通風(fēng)設(shè)備對(duì)高速客車氣動(dòng)特性影響的研究[A];力學(xué)與工程應(yīng)用（第十三卷）[C];2010年

8 宗寧;王文倬;鄧立東;;軍用飛機(jī)彈性氣動(dòng)特性分析方法初步研究[A];首屆全國(guó)航空航天領(lǐng)域中的力學(xué)問題學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集（上冊(cè)）[C];2004年

9 王世安;;飛機(jī)外掛物氣動(dòng)特性數(shù)值模擬研究[A];探索創(chuàng)新交流－－中國(guó)航空學(xué)會(huì)青年科技論壇文集[C];2004年

10 黃湛;王宏偉;姚開明;董金剛;熊紅亮;;大型民機(jī)機(jī)頭氣動(dòng)特性實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[A];第七屆全國(guó)流體力學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文摘要集[C];2012年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 曾強(qiáng)　王惠;我國(guó)計(jì)算流體力學(xué)取得新進(jìn)展[N];中國(guó)航空?qǐng)?bào);2010年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 吳允柱;汽車超車過程的氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2008年

2 陶莉莉;基于流固耦合的高速客車氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];山東大學(xué);2014年

3 賀寶琴;汽車隊(duì)列行駛的氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2009年

4 顧璇;近地/海運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)分析[D];哈爾濱工程大學(xué);2009年

5 史志偉;非定常自由來流對(duì)模型動(dòng)態(tài)氣動(dòng)特性影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 王振興;變后掠角折疊翼導(dǎo)彈氣動(dòng)特性的仿真分析[D];中北大學(xué);2016年

2 胡漢橋;12米旅游客車氣動(dòng)特性分析與優(yōu)化[D];廈門理工學(xué)院;2016年

3 江路銘;側(cè)風(fēng)下隊(duì)列行駛車輛的氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2016年

4 王保玉;彎道會(huì)車的瞬態(tài)氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2016年

5 苑修樂;側(cè)風(fēng)環(huán)境中車輛出隧道過程的氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];山東大學(xué);2016年

6 董立偉;基于內(nèi)流的汽車氣動(dòng)特性研究與分析[D];湖南工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

7 曹久瑩;汽車?yán)鋮s風(fēng)扇氣動(dòng)特性的研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2006年

8 周偉;多車相會(huì)過程的計(jì)算模擬及其對(duì)汽車氣動(dòng)特性的影響研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2005年

9 鄭濤;會(huì)車過程的氣動(dòng)特性研究[D];東北大學(xué);2011年

10 于盈;某仿生彈藥氣動(dòng)特性分析及飛行過程數(shù)值模擬[D];南京理工大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號(hào)：1424877