【摘要】：我國(guó)是傳統(tǒng)名貴中藥材人參的生產(chǎn)大國(guó),吉林省是人參藥材的道地產(chǎn)區(qū),人參產(chǎn)業(yè)是長(zhǎng)白山區(qū)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。但是,人工栽培人參會(huì)發(fā)生多種病害,使用化學(xué)農(nóng)藥會(huì)造成農(nóng)藥殘留和環(huán)境污染,并且易誘導(dǎo)病原微生物產(chǎn)生抗藥性。推廣微生物菌劑預(yù)防植物病害的生物防治技術(shù),已受到普遍重視。本研究以吉林撫松人參栽培基地的老參地為研究對(duì)象,分析測(cè)定不同濃度的4種微生物菌劑對(duì)參后地土壤微生物活性、微生物量碳氮、微生物功能多樣性的影響。得出以下結(jié)果:1、益生元菌劑當(dāng)菌劑用量達(dá)到400 g/m2時(shí),土壤呼吸作用、氨化作用強(qiáng)度達(dá)到最大值,分別為67.49 mg/kg和0.2604 mg/g,而土壤硝化作用強(qiáng)度在菌劑用量為600 g/m2時(shí)達(dá)到最大,為39.76%;哈次木霉菌劑當(dāng)菌劑用量達(dá)到8 g/m2時(shí),土壤呼吸強(qiáng)度、氨化作用強(qiáng)度和硝化作用強(qiáng)度分別達(dá)到最大值,分別為51.91 mg/kg、0.2737 mg/g和38.74%;“5406”菌劑當(dāng)菌劑用量達(dá)到100 g/m2時(shí),土壤呼吸強(qiáng)度、氨化作用強(qiáng)度和硝化作用強(qiáng)度分別達(dá)到最大值,分別為65.97 mg/kg、0.2921 mg/g和43.19%;多粘芽孢桿菌菌劑當(dāng)菌劑用量達(dá)到3 g/m2時(shí),土壤呼吸強(qiáng)度達(dá)到最大值51.91 mg/kg,而土壤氨化作用、硝化作用強(qiáng)度在菌肥用量為2 g/m2時(shí)達(dá)到最大,分別為0.2656 mg/g、31.79%。2、各菌劑處理均提高了土壤微生物量碳、氮值,降低了微生物量碳氮比。400 g/m2濃度益生元菌劑、5 g/m2濃度哈茨木霉菌劑、50 g/m2濃度“5406”、3 g/m2濃度的多粘芽孢桿菌處理的作用效果最明顯,參后地土壤微生物量碳、氮值增加量最大,氮素利用率明顯提高。3、菌劑的施入使增強(qiáng)了土壤微生物對(duì)各大類碳源的代謝效率,提高了參后地土壤微生物群落功能多樣性。哈茨木霉菌劑和益生元菌劑處理的微生物碳源利用率、shannon指數(shù)、豐富度指數(shù)高于其他組和對(duì)照;益生元菌劑400 g/m2和哈茨木霉菌劑5 g/m2、8 g/m2對(duì)參后地土壤微生物具有較強(qiáng)的改良作用。
[Abstract]:China is a big producing country of ginseng, Jilin Province is the producing area of ginseng, and ginseng industry is one of the pillar industries in Changbai Mountain area. However, artificial cultivation of ginseng will occur a variety of diseases, the use of chemical pesticides will cause pesticide residues and environmental pollution, and easy to induce pathogenic microorganisms to produce resistance. It has been paid more and more attention to popularize the biological control technology of microbial agents to prevent plant diseases. In this study, the effects of four different concentrations of microbial agents on soil microbial activity, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and microbial functional diversity in Panax ginseng cultivation base in Jilin Province were analyzed and determined. The results were as follows: 1. When the dosage of probiotics reached 400 g/m2, the soil respiration and amination intensity reached the maximum, which were 67.49 mg/kg and 0.2604 mg/g, respectively, and the soil nitrification intensity reached the maximum when the dosage of bacteria was 600 g/m2, which was 39.76%. When the dosage of Trichoderma harzianum reached 8 g/m2, the soil respiration intensity, amination intensity and nitrification intensity reached the maximum, 51.91 mg/kg,0.2737 mg/g and 38.74%, respectively. When the dosage of "5406" agent reached 100 g/m2, the soil respiration intensity, amination intensity and nitrification intensity reached the maximum, which were 65.97 mg/kg,0.2921 mg/g and 43.19%, respectively. When the dosage of Bacillus polymyxis reached 3 g/m2, the soil respiration intensity reached the maximum value of 51.91 mg/kg, and the nitrification intensity reached the maximum when the amount of bacterial fertilizer was 2 g/m2. The soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen values were increased and the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen ratio was reduced when the microbial fertilizer dosage was 0.2656 mg/g,31.79%.2, respectively. 5 g/m2 concentration of Trichoderma harzianum, 50 g/m2 concentration of "5406", 3 g/m2 concentration of Alternaria polymyticus had the most obvious effect, the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen value increased the most, and the nitrogen use efficiency increased obviously. 3. The application of the agent enhanced the metabolic efficiency of soil microorganisms to all kinds of carbon sources and improved the functional diversity of soil microbial community after ginseng. The utilization rate, shannon index and richness index of microbial carbon source, shannon index and richness index were higher than those of other groups and controls, and 400 g/m2 and 5 g / m ~ 2, 8 g/m2 had a strong effect on the improvement of soil microorganisms in Panax quinquefolium.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S567.51;S154.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2506471