【摘要】：以科爾沁沙地固定沙丘-丘間低地景觀單元為研究對象,在植被生長旺盛期且長時間干旱條件下,對中等降雨(22.6 mm)前后不同微地形土壤水分分布特征和降雨補給情況進行分析。結(jié)果表明:水平方向上,降雨前后不同部位0~90 cm深度平均土壤水分有顯著差異,雨前其大小順序為丘間低地(10.30%)沙丘下部(1.18%)沙丘頂部(0.98%)沙丘上部(0.75%);雨后沙丘頂部、上部、下部和丘間低地土壤水分分別增加了2.33、3.50、1.77和0.34個百分點;垂直方向上,降雨前后土壤水分的深度分布與水平位置有關(guān);雨前表層土壤水分均很小,沙丘頂部、上部分別在40~100、20~50和120~200 cm深度有較弱的高值區(qū),沙丘下部和丘間低地土壤水分隨深度增大,直至飽和含水量;雨后沙丘頂部、上部、下部、丘間低地土壤儲水量增加的深度范圍分別是0~110、0~110、0~50和0~90 cm,其儲水量增量分別占降雨的12.4%、13.3%、9.7%和14.6%,其中丘間低地0~10 cm土層儲水量增量顯著高于沙丘頂部和上部,其他深度不同部位儲水量增量差異不顯著(P0.05);在長時間無降雨條件下,沙丘頂部和上部土壤水分狀況趨于惡化,有必要采取一定間伐措施,使土壤水分維持動態(tài)平衡,才有利于植被恢復(fù)和沙漠化逆轉(zhuǎn)。
[Abstract]:Taking the fixed dune-hilly lowland landscape unit in Horqin Sandy Land as the research object, under the condition of high vegetation growth and long-term drought, The characteristics of soil moisture distribution and rainfall replenishment in different microtopography before and after moderate rainfall (22.6 mm) were analyzed. The results showed that, in the horizontal direction, there was a significant difference in the average soil moisture of 0 ~ 90 cm depth at different sites before and after rainfall. Before rain, the order of the order was lower (10.30%) in the lower part of the dune (1.18%) in the top (0.98%) in the top of the sand dune (0.75%) in the upper part of the sand dune; The soil moisture increased by 2.33, 3.50, 1.77 and 0.34 percentage points in the top, upper, lower and interhilly lowlands after rain, respectively, and in the vertical direction, the depth distribution of soil moisture before and after rainfall was related to the horizontal position. The surface soil moisture was very small before rain. The top of sand dune was at the top of the sand dunes, and the depths of the top were 40 ~ 100, 20 ~ 50 and 120 ~ 200 cm, respectively. The soil water content of the lower and lower dunes increased with the depth and reached the saturation water content. The increasing depth of soil water storage in the top, upper, lower and interhilly lowlands after rain is 0 / 110, 0 / 110, 0 / 50 and 0 / 90 cm, respectively, accounting for 12.4%, 13.3%, 9.7% and 14.6% of the rainfall, respectively, while the soil water storage increases in the upper, lower and interhilly lowlands are 12.4%, 13.3%, 9.7% and 14.6% of the rainfall, respectively. The increment of water storage in 0 / 10 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in the top and upper part of the sand dunes, and there was no significant difference in the increment of water storage in different parts of other depths (P0.05). Under the condition of no rainfall for a long time, the soil water condition in the top and upper part of sand dunes tends to worsen. It is necessary to take certain thinning measures to maintain the dynamic balance of soil moisture, which is conducive to vegetation restoration and desertification reversal.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院沈陽應(yīng)用生態(tài)研究所;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】：國家重點基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計劃項目(2013CB429902) 國家科技支撐計劃子課題(2015BAD07B050501)資助
【分類號】：S152.7

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