【摘要】：為進行區(qū)域耕地保護和質(zhì)量提升,增加耕地數(shù)量,合理開發(fā)利用長期處于荒廢狀態(tài)的鹽堿地勢在必行。本研究采用常規(guī)經(jīng)典的測試方法,對西遼河流域8種植被覆蓋鹽堿地土壤0-5、5-15、15-30和30-50cm剖面層的土壤有機質(zhì)、速效養(yǎng)分、堿化特征及離子組成進行了分析。結(jié)果表明,不同植被覆蓋鹽堿地養(yǎng)分含量均不同,玉米(Zea mays)地、羊草(Leymus chinensis)+狗尾草(Setaria viridis)草地的有機質(zhì)、速效養(yǎng)分含量較高;虎尾草(Chloris virgata)草地、裸地、堿蓬(Suaeda glauca)地的養(yǎng)分含量相近且極顯著低于玉米地和羊草+狗尾草草地的養(yǎng)分含量(P0.01)。各生態(tài)景觀的堿化特征在4個剖面層間均差異極顯著(P0.01),羊草+狗尾草的pH、堿化度(ESP)和含鹽量在4個剖面層中均低于其它生態(tài)景觀的;裸地、堿蓬地、蘆葦?shù)?Phragmites australis)和蘆葦苔草(Carex dariuscula)草地在4個剖面層的pH、ESP和含鹽量均較高;堿蓬地與裸地在0-5cm剖面層的Na~+、CO_3~(2-)、HCO_3~-含量較高,玉米地、羊草+狗尾草的CO_3~(2-)和HCO_3~-較低。各植被覆蓋地間的離子組成基本呈極顯著性差異(P0.01)。由于鹽堿化土壤退化到一定程度會變成裸地,不利于改良利用,因此,本研究通過比較不同植被覆蓋鹽堿地4個剖面層的養(yǎng)分狀況和堿化特征,認為羊草+狗尾草覆蓋有利于鹽堿化土壤的改良。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the protection and quality of cultivated land and increase the quantity of cultivated land, it is imperative to develop and utilize the saline-alkali land which is in a state of being abandoned for a long time. In this study, the soil organic matter, quick-acting nutrient, alkalization and ion composition of soil 0-5,5-15,15-30 and 30-50 cm in the saline-alkali soil were analyzed by the conventional test method. The results show that the nutrient content of different vegetation covers the saline-alkali land is different, the organic matter and the quick-acting nutrient content of the grass in the maize (Zea mays), Leymus chinensis and Setaria viridis are higher, the content of quick-acting nutrients is higher, and the grass of the Chloris virgata, the naked land, The nutrient content of Suaeda glauca was similar and was significantly lower than that of corn and leymus chinensis (P 0.01). The alkalization of each ecological landscape was significantly different between the four sections (P0.01). The pH, alkalization degree (ESP) and salt content of the Leymus chinensis and the pennisetum were lower than that of the other ecological landscape in the four cross-section layers. The pH, ESP and salt content of Phragmites australis and the Carex dariuscula have high pH, ESP and salt content in the four cross-section layers; the content of Na +, CO _ 3 ~ (2-) and HCO _ 3 ~-in the 0-5cm section of the base is higher, and the CO _ 3 ~ (2-) and HCO _ 3 ~-lower in the cornfield, Leymus chinensis and Pteris. There was a very significant difference in the ion composition between the vegetation cover areas (P0.01). Because of the degradation of the saline-alkalized soil to a certain extent, it is not conducive to the improvement and utilization. Therefore, by comparing the nutrient status and the alkalization characteristics of the four sections of the saline-alkali land covered by different vegetation, this study is of the opinion that the covering of the Leymus chinensis and the pennisetum is beneficial to the improvement of the salinization soil.
【作者單位】： 內(nèi)蒙古民族大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院
【基金】：內(nèi)蒙古自然科學(xué)基金項目(2013MS0605) 內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)科技創(chuàng)新引導(dǎo)項目 內(nèi)蒙古民族大學(xué)重點項目(NMDGP1410)
【分類號】：S151.9

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