發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-25 11:23

【摘要】：[目的]從濕地中采收不同的水生植物,并進(jìn)行植物元素測定,分析其富集礦質(zhì)營養(yǎng)和重金屬的動(dòng)態(tài)過程,探索和鑒定利用水生植物混生種植進(jìn)行生物修復(fù)的可行性。[方法]以淡水養(yǎng)殖試驗(yàn)基地為試驗(yàn)地點(diǎn),在不同季節(jié)采集該基地潛流濕地大型濕地植物美人蕉(Canna indica)、鳶尾(Iris tectorum)、蘆葦(Phragmites australis)和再力花(Thalia dealbata)的地上部,分析其生長、礦質(zhì)營養(yǎng)、重金屬元素積累。[結(jié)果]寒冬過去后,蘆葦?shù)纳L恢復(fù)最快,其生物量明顯高于其他3種植物,而美人蕉恢復(fù)最慢。隨著夏季和秋季的來臨,4種植物均明顯生長,尤其是美人蕉,其次是再力花。4種植物對氮素的富集能力都很強(qiáng),此外,美人蕉對磷、鉀、鎂、鋅、銅、鈉等的富集能力特別強(qiáng),而鳶尾對磷、鈣、鎂等富集能力比較強(qiáng),蘆葦對硫、鐵、鋁、鉻、鎘、鉛等富集能力很強(qiáng),再力花對硫、錳的富集能力較強(qiáng)。[結(jié)論]美人蕉對水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水中諸多元素的總積累要明顯強(qiáng)于鳶尾、蘆葦和再力花,其次是蘆葦。在淡水養(yǎng)殖基地,混生的美人蕉、鳶尾、蘆葦和再力花對不同元素富集具有明顯的互補(bǔ)性,混合種植從而進(jìn)行污水修復(fù)是可行的。
[Abstract]:[objective] to collect different aquatic plants from wetland and determine the plant elements, analyze the dynamic process of mineral nutrition and heavy metals enrichment, and explore and identify the feasibility of bio-remediation by mixed planting of aquatic plants. [methods] using the fresh water culture experiment base as the experimental site, the aboveground parts of the large-scale wetland plant, Canna (Canna indica), Iris, (Iris tectorum), Reed, and (Thalia dealbata), in the subsurface flow wetland of the base, were collected in different seasons. The growth, mineral nutrition and accumulation of heavy metal elements were analyzed. [results] after the cold winter, the growth of Phragmites australis recovered the fastest, its biomass was significantly higher than the other three plants, while Canna mandarina recovered the slowest. With the coming of summer and autumn, the four plants all grew obviously, especially the plantain, followed by the regenerated flowers. The four plants have strong nitrogen enrichment ability. In addition, the four plants have the ability to P, K, mg, Zn, Cu, P, K, mg, Zn, Cu. The enrichment ability of Na, Fe, Al, Cr, CD, Pb is very strong, while the enrichment ability of Iris is stronger for phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, and for sulfur, iron, aluminum, chromium, cadmium, lead, etc., and the enrichment ability of reheating flower for sulfur and manganese is very strong. [conclusion] the total accumulation of elements in aquaculture wastewater of Canna plantain was stronger than that of Iris, Phragmites communis and Rehmannia, followed by Phragmites communis. In the freshwater breeding base, mixed plantain, iris, Reed and replant have obvious complementarities to the enrichment of different elements. It is feasible to plant mixed plants for sewage remediation.
【作者單位】： 南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院/江蘇省海洋生物學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;農(nóng)業(yè)部漁業(yè)裝備與工程重點(diǎn)開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室;江蘇省互聯(lián)網(wǎng)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展中心;江蘇省耕地質(zhì)量與農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù)站;
【基金】：國家公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201303089) 國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31372570) 上海市科技興農(nóng)重點(diǎn)公關(guān)項(xiàng)目(滬農(nóng)科攻字(2014)第6-3號) 南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)SRT計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(1513A12)
【分類號】：X173;X714

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