不同類型作物生長對土壤有效氮構(gòu)成和氮肥轉(zhuǎn)化利用的影響
[Abstract]:High and low nitrogen treatments were used to study the effects of pot planting soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum on soil available nitrogen composition and nitrogen fertilizer conversion and utilization, in order to provide technical guidance for rational utilization of nitrogen fertilizer and its utilization efficiency in different types of crops. The results showed that soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum decreased soil available nitrogen content by 53.48%, 51.54%, 33.10%, 55.03%, respectively, and affected the composition of available nitrogen. Among them, soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum decreased soil inorganic nitrogen content by 85.41%, 83.09%, 70.89%, 83.35%, respectively. The content of hydrolyzed organic nitrogen increased 1.41%, 1.53%, 2.11 and 1.28 times, respectively. Soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum decreased the proportion of inorganic nitrogen by 68.61%, 65.09%, 56.47%, 63.00%, respectively. The proportion of hydrolyzed organic nitrogen increased by 4.18, 4.21, 3.66 and 4.08 times, respectively. Compared with the control, soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum increased the conversion rate of ammonium nitrogen by 93.66%, 38.19%, 32.58%, 38.31%, respectively. The nitrification rate of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer in soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum treatments became negative, and soybean decreased the most. The nitrogen use efficiency of soybean, cotton, corn and sorghum was 52.01%, 28.31%, 24.16%, 28.40%, respectively. Soybean treatment had the highest nitrogen use efficiency. In conclusion, crop growth inhibits soil nitrification and promotes the formation of hydrolyzed organic nitrogen through nitrogen uptake and utilization and changes in soil environment, thus affecting the composition of soil available nitrogen and the transformation and utilization of soil nitrogen. Compared with non-legume crops, legume crops have stronger ability to inhibit soil nitrification and higher utilization efficiency of ammonium nitrogen in soil.
【作者單位】: 湖北大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】:國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(41371259) 湖北省自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(2014CFB545)
【分類號】:S158.3
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