南亞熱帶五種人工林林下植物與土壤微生物群落變化及其環(huán)境解釋
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-15 15:04
【摘要】：本文通過(guò)對(duì)南亞熱帶五種典型人工林：馬尾松、杉木、米老排、紅椎和火力楠林下植物群落和土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)、物種-環(huán)境關(guān)系的研究,重點(diǎn)探討環(huán)境變量對(duì)林下植物群落、土壤微生物群落的影響。研究旨在比較五種不同人工林林下植物群落、土壤微生物群落組成及多樣性的差異,并系統(tǒng)分析南亞熱帶人工針葉林和闊葉林生物多樣性的制約因素,從而為本地區(qū)人工林的營(yíng)林管理、林下生物多樣性維持、植被的恢復(fù)、改良土壤結(jié)構(gòu)提供理論依據(jù)。研究方法：在研究區(qū)選擇林齡、營(yíng)林措施、坡向坡度基本一致的馬尾松林、杉木林、米老排林、紅椎林和火力楠林,通過(guò)布設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣方、物種調(diào)查和樣品采集,實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)樣品分析,對(duì)林下灌木層、草本層植物群落和土壤微生物群落組成進(jìn)行分析等,采用單因素方差分析、皮爾森相關(guān)分析、冗余度分析法(RDA)以及偏冗余度分析等方法結(jié)合環(huán)境因子,探討了南亞熱帶五種典型人工林林下植物與土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的差異,以及喬木層結(jié)構(gòu)(生物變量)和立地條件(生境變量)對(duì)它們的影響。結(jié)果表明：1.在五種人工林中,針葉林(馬尾松和杉木)灌木層植物多樣性高于闊葉林(米老排、紅椎和火力楠),而五種林分之間草本層的植物多樣性差異不顯著：草本層與灌木層植物多樣性正相關(guān)性顯著。2.影響灌木層植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的主要環(huán)境因子有三類：一是反映地形的指標(biāo)(海拔)；二是反映喬木層特征的指標(biāo)(林分類型、葉面積指數(shù)、平均葉傾角、透射系數(shù)和林分公頃斷面積)：三是反映土壤性質(zhì)的指標(biāo)(土壤有機(jī)碳、全鉀、速效鉀、C/N、pH值、通氣孔度)。在影響灌木層植物群落組成的因子中,以平均葉傾角、透射系數(shù)、林分類型、公頃斷面積表示的生物變量解釋百分比遠(yuǎn)大于以海拔和反應(yīng)土壤性質(zhì)的指標(biāo)所表示的生境變量。3.影響不同林分類型草本層植物群落組成的主要環(huán)境因子除林分類型外,其他均與灌木層相同；針葉林與闊葉林的草本層群落組成及限制因子有顯著差異；在決定草本層植物格局變異中,生境變量的作用略大于以喬木層特征指標(biāo)表示的生物變量。4.在五種人工林中,針葉林土壤微生物生物量極顯著高于闊葉林；細(xì)菌、放線菌、原生生物的生物量,針葉林顯著高于闊葉林。闊葉林的細(xì)菌群落、革蘭氏陰性菌群落、真菌群落、原生生物群落的磷脂脂肪酸百分比含量高于針葉林的。5.影響土壤微生物群落組成的主要因子有：林分類型、林分公頃斷面積、葉面積指數(shù)、平均葉傾角、透射系數(shù)、土壤碳氮比、土壤速效鉀、土壤含水量、細(xì)根生物量。五種不同林分類型中,生物變量對(duì)微生物群落組成的解釋部分遠(yuǎn)高于生境變量,且生物因子與生境因子的交互作用占的比例較高。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the structure of plant community and soil microbial community and the relationship between species and environment in five typical plantations of subtropical forests: Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, rice row, red vertebrae and firewood were studied. The effects of environmental variables on undergrowth plant community and soil microbial community were discussed. The purpose of this study was to compare the composition and diversity of plant communities and soil microbial communities in five different plantations, and to systematically analyze the factors restricting the biodiversity of subtropical artificial coniferous forests and broad-leaved forests. Therefore, it can provide theoretical basis for the management of plantation, the maintenance of biodiversity, the restoration of vegetation and the improvement of soil structure. Methods: to select Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, rice row forest, red vertebrae forest and firewood forest with the same slope gradient in the study area, and set up standard sample square, species investigation and sample collection. The composition of plant community and soil microbial community in understory shrub layer, herbaceous layer and soil were analyzed by single factor variance analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Methods of redundancy analysis (RDA) and partial redundancy analysis (RDA), combined with environmental factors, were used to study the differences between plant and soil microbial communities in five typical subtropical plantations. And the effects of tree layer structure (biological variable) and site condition (habitat variable) on them. The results show that: 1. The diversity of shrub layer plants in coniferous forest (Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata) was higher than that in broad-leaved forest (rice row, red vertebra and firewood). But the plant diversity of herbaceous layer was not significant among the five kinds of stands: the plant diversity of herbaceous layer and shrub layer was significantly correlated with that of herbaceous layer and shrub layer. 2. There are three main environmental factors that affect the structure of shrub plant community: one is the index reflecting topography (altitude); The second is the index reflecting the characteristics of tree layer (stand type, leaf area index, mean leaf inclination, transmission coefficient and stand area); the third is the index reflecting soil properties (soil organic carbon, total potassium, available potassium, C / N, pH value). Ventilation porosity Among the factors affecting the composition of shrub plant community, the average leaf inclination, transmission coefficient, stand type, The percentage of biological variables explained by the area of a hectare is much larger than the habitat variable expressed by the indicators of elevation and soil properties. The main environmental factors affecting the community composition of herbaceous layer of different stand types were the same as shrub layer except the type of stand, and the community composition and limiting factors of herbaceous layer in coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest were significantly different. In determining the variation of plant pattern in herbaceous layer, the role of habitat variable is slightly greater than that of biological variable expressed by characteristic index of Arbor layer. 4. The soil microbial biomass of coniferous forest was significantly higher than that of broad-leaved forest, and the biomass of bacteria, actinomycetes and protozoa was significantly higher in coniferous forest than in broad-leaved forest. The percentage of phospholipid fatty acids in the bacterial community, Gram-negative community, fungal community and protozoa of broad-leaved forest was higher than that in coniferous forest. The main factors affecting the composition of soil microbial communities were: stand type, stand area per hectare, leaf area index, mean leaf inclination, transmission coefficient, soil C / N ratio, soil available potassium, soil water content and fine root biomass. Among the five different stand types, the biological variables explained the composition of microbial communities much higher than the habitat variables, and the interaction between biological factors and habitat factors accounted for a higher proportion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S714.3
本文編號(hào)：2423473
[Abstract]:In this paper, the structure of plant community and soil microbial community and the relationship between species and environment in five typical plantations of subtropical forests: Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, rice row, red vertebrae and firewood were studied. The effects of environmental variables on undergrowth plant community and soil microbial community were discussed. The purpose of this study was to compare the composition and diversity of plant communities and soil microbial communities in five different plantations, and to systematically analyze the factors restricting the biodiversity of subtropical artificial coniferous forests and broad-leaved forests. Therefore, it can provide theoretical basis for the management of plantation, the maintenance of biodiversity, the restoration of vegetation and the improvement of soil structure. Methods: to select Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, rice row forest, red vertebrae forest and firewood forest with the same slope gradient in the study area, and set up standard sample square, species investigation and sample collection. The composition of plant community and soil microbial community in understory shrub layer, herbaceous layer and soil were analyzed by single factor variance analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Methods of redundancy analysis (RDA) and partial redundancy analysis (RDA), combined with environmental factors, were used to study the differences between plant and soil microbial communities in five typical subtropical plantations. And the effects of tree layer structure (biological variable) and site condition (habitat variable) on them. The results show that: 1. The diversity of shrub layer plants in coniferous forest (Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata) was higher than that in broad-leaved forest (rice row, red vertebra and firewood). But the plant diversity of herbaceous layer was not significant among the five kinds of stands: the plant diversity of herbaceous layer and shrub layer was significantly correlated with that of herbaceous layer and shrub layer. 2. There are three main environmental factors that affect the structure of shrub plant community: one is the index reflecting topography (altitude); The second is the index reflecting the characteristics of tree layer (stand type, leaf area index, mean leaf inclination, transmission coefficient and stand area); the third is the index reflecting soil properties (soil organic carbon, total potassium, available potassium, C / N, pH value). Ventilation porosity Among the factors affecting the composition of shrub plant community, the average leaf inclination, transmission coefficient, stand type, The percentage of biological variables explained by the area of a hectare is much larger than the habitat variable expressed by the indicators of elevation and soil properties. The main environmental factors affecting the community composition of herbaceous layer of different stand types were the same as shrub layer except the type of stand, and the community composition and limiting factors of herbaceous layer in coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest were significantly different. In determining the variation of plant pattern in herbaceous layer, the role of habitat variable is slightly greater than that of biological variable expressed by characteristic index of Arbor layer. 4. The soil microbial biomass of coniferous forest was significantly higher than that of broad-leaved forest, and the biomass of bacteria, actinomycetes and protozoa was significantly higher in coniferous forest than in broad-leaved forest. The percentage of phospholipid fatty acids in the bacterial community, Gram-negative community, fungal community and protozoa of broad-leaved forest was higher than that in coniferous forest. The main factors affecting the composition of soil microbial communities were: stand type, stand area per hectare, leaf area index, mean leaf inclination, transmission coefficient, soil C / N ratio, soil available potassium, soil water content and fine root biomass. Among the five different stand types, the biological variables explained the composition of microbial communities much higher than the habitat variables, and the interaction between biological factors and habitat factors accounted for a higher proportion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S714.3
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條
1 曹廣月;賀康寧;胡興波;董梅;賈瑞燕;;青海大通山區(qū)5種不同類型人工林下植被物種多樣性比較[J];廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2012年11期
2 王獻(xiàn)溥,蔣高明;廣西馬尾松林分類、分布和演替的研究[J];植物研究;2002年02期
3 李驍;王迎春;;土壤微生物多樣性與植物多樣性[J];內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2006年06期
4 高東;何霞紅;;生物多樣性與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性研究進(jìn)展[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2010年12期
5 劉宏文;程小琴;康峰峰;;油松人工林林下植物群落變化及其環(huán)境解釋[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2014年02期
，本文編號(hào)：2423473
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/nykj/2423473.html
最近更新
教材專著
