【摘要】：為了篩選降鹽效果優(yōu)良的適宜植物材料以合理利用耐鹽植物改良濱海鹽堿地,本研究通過田間試驗系統(tǒng)探究了鹽地堿蓬、田菁、紅麻和高丹草的鹽分離子積累特征。結果表明:4種植物地上生物量在成苗期和成熟期均為總生物量的80%以上,且大小為田菁紅麻鹽地堿蓬高丹草。高丹草和紅麻對K+、Ca2+的吸收運輸能力最強,鹽地堿蓬和田菁對Na~+的吸收運輸能力最強。根據各鹽分離子占植物積累總鹽分的比例,高丹草對K+積累量高于其他離子;田菁在成苗期主要積累K+,在成熟期主要積累Cl~ 和Na~+;紅麻主要積累Cl~ 和K+;鹽地堿蓬主要積累Na~+和Cl~ ,其體內的Na~+和Cl~ 分別占積累鹽分總量的比例明顯高于其余植物。從成苗期到成熟期的生長過程中,鹽地堿蓬表現(xiàn)出Na~+積累比例持續(xù)下降,Cl~ 積累比例逐漸升高的趨勢;田菁和高丹草表現(xiàn)為Na~+和Cl~ 積累比例均升高;紅麻的Na~+和Cl~ 積累比例則表現(xiàn)為逐漸下降趨勢。鹽地堿蓬、田菁和紅麻是濱海鹽土改良的優(yōu)良植物材料。
[Abstract]:In order to select suitable plant materials with good salt-reducing effect and to make rational use of salt-tolerant plants to improve saline-alkali land, the characteristics of salt ion accumulation of Suaeda salsa, Sesbania, kenaf and Gudanthus were studied by field experiment system. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of the four plants was more than 80% of the total biomass at the seedling stage and the maturity stage, and the size of the four plants was Suaeda salsa in the salt field of kenaf Sesbania. The absorption and transport ability of K and Ca2 were the strongest, and that of Suaeda salsa and Sesbania were the strongest. According to the ratio of salt ions to total salt accumulation in plants, the accumulation of K in Gudangrass was higher than that in other ions, K accumulated mainly in seedling stage, Cl~ and Na~ in mature stage, Cl~ and K in kenaf. Suaeda salsa mainly accumulates Na~ and Cl~, and the proportion of Na~ and Cl~ in its body is obviously higher than that of other plants. During the growth from seedling stage to mature stage, Suaeda salsa showed a continuous decrease in Na~ accumulation ratio and a gradual increase in Cl~ accumulation ratio, while Na~ and Cl~ accumulation ratio increased in Sesbania and Gudangrass. The accumulation ratio of Na~ and Cl~ in kenaf decreased gradually. Suaeda salsa, Sesbania and kenaf are excellent plant materials for the improvement of coastal saline soil.
【作者單位】： 河北省農林科學院濱海農業(yè)研究所(唐山市植物耐鹽研究重點實驗室);土壤與農業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展國家重點實驗室(中國科學院南京土壤研究所);
【基金】：河北省科技計劃項目(152776122D) 河北省財政專項(F16R16003)資助
【分類號】：S156.4

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