【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)采用多種方法對(duì)黑背毛瓢蟲Scymnus(Neopullus)babai Sasaji的繁殖力、食性、發(fā)育速率和捕食作用進(jìn)行了研究。主要結(jié)果如下:1.從溫度和光周期兩個(gè)因素對(duì)黑背毛瓢蟲的繁殖力進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果顯示,溫度對(duì)其產(chǎn)卵前期、產(chǎn)卵期、單雌平均產(chǎn)卵量和單雌總產(chǎn)卵量影響極顯著。22℃時(shí),黑背毛瓢蟲不產(chǎn)卵,各項(xiàng)平均值均為0;31℃時(shí),產(chǎn)卵前期最短;28℃時(shí),產(chǎn)卵期最長(zhǎng),單雌平均產(chǎn)卵量最高,單雌總產(chǎn)卵量最高。光周期對(duì)黑背毛瓢蟲的產(chǎn)卵期影響不顯著,其余各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)極顯著。L:D=16:8時(shí),產(chǎn)卵前期最短;L:D=12:12時(shí),產(chǎn)卵期最長(zhǎng);L:D=14:10時(shí),單雌平均產(chǎn)卵量最高,單雌總產(chǎn)卵量最高。因此,黑背毛瓢蟲繁殖的最適宜溫度為28℃,最適宜光周期為L(zhǎng):D=14:10。2.從果樹和農(nóng)作物上采集10種蚜蟲飼喂黑背毛瓢蟲成蟲和一至四齡幼蟲,經(jīng)觀察表明,各蟲態(tài)的黑背毛瓢蟲對(duì)10種蚜蟲均具有捕食習(xí)性,由于蚜蟲的種類不同,其生物量存在差異,因此,根據(jù)黑背毛瓢蟲對(duì)蚜蟲的日捕食生物量來判定嗜食程度較為適宜。選取桃蚜、棉蚜和大豆蚜飼喂黑背毛瓢蟲對(duì)其發(fā)育速率影響顯著。飼喂桃蚜的黑背毛瓢蟲發(fā)育歷期較短,用大豆蚜飼喂其發(fā)育歷期略長(zhǎng);用棉蚜飼喂初羽化黑背毛瓢蟲體重最大,飼喂桃蚜和大豆蚜的初羽化成蟲體重相當(dāng)。3.當(dāng)大豆蚜密度一定時(shí),隨著光照時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),各蟲態(tài)的黑背毛瓢蟲捕食量相應(yīng)增加;四齡幼蟲的捕食速度最快,成蟲的捕食速度最慢;建立不同密度黑背毛瓢蟲尋找捕食大豆蚜的數(shù)學(xué)模型:4524.01665.0???PE,模型與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)吻合性很好。建立不同密度黑背毛瓢蟲捕食不同密度大豆蚜的數(shù)學(xué)模型:1193.17622.0???PE,該模型與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)吻合性很好;黑背毛瓢蟲成蟲的最適冷藏溫度為10℃,冷藏10 d時(shí),存活率為80%。20 d后取出成蟲,其捕食量最大。冷藏對(duì)黑背毛瓢蟲的產(chǎn)卵情況影響差異顯著。冷藏4℃的黑背毛瓢蟲產(chǎn)卵期為70.71 d,單雌平均產(chǎn)卵量為0.95粒/天,單雌總產(chǎn)卵量為66.71粒。
[Abstract]:In this study, the fecundity, feeding habits, developmental rate and predation of Scymnus (Neopullus) babai Sasaji were studied. The main results are as follows: 1. The fecundity of ladybug was studied by temperature and photoperiod. The results showed that the temperature had a significant effect on the average oviposition and the total oviposition of single female during the preoviposition, oviposition, and the total oviposition of single female. At 22 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2416132