【摘要】：紫花苜蓿被譽為牧草之王,其在畜禽養(yǎng)殖中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。隨著我國規(guī)�；B(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展,苜蓿的產能不足尤為凸顯,而且為了使苜蓿增產,過量化肥、農藥的施用導致一系列的環(huán)境問題。如何在使苜蓿增產的同時降低環(huán)境污染成為一個急需被攻克的難題。乳酸菌及其代謝產物作為一種安全且對環(huán)境友好的新型微生態(tài)制劑在苜蓿增產及提升苜蓿品質方面具有潛在的應用價值。本試驗采用前期篩選出的具有良好抑制致病性真菌作用的五株乳酸菌L.plantarun IMAU80065、L.plantarun IMAU70101、L.plantarun IMAU70088 L.plantarun IMAU11048、L. casei IMAU10048經低溫(25℃)、長時(48h)發(fā)酵后得到乳酸菌發(fā)酵液,并將發(fā)酵液噴施于苜蓿葉面及根部土壤,通過測定苜蓿生長指標、產量、營養(yǎng)指標、土壤養(yǎng)分及土壤微生物變化得到如下結果：(1)乳酸菌及其代謝產物可以有效改善苜蓿農藝性狀,促進苜蓿植株生長,乳酸菌及其代謝產物使第五茬苜蓿株高、莖粗、分枝數分別增加18.44%、29.55%、7.21%,乳酸菌活菌型試驗組及乳酸菌代謝產物試驗組使第六茬苜蓿株高分別比對照組增加27.12%、5.93%。(2)乳酸菌及其代謝產物可以顯著提高苜蓿產量從而增加種植效益。乳酸菌活菌型試驗組與對照組相比第五茬苜蓿鮮草增產40.98%,乳酸菌活菌型試驗組及乳酸菌代謝產物試驗組使第六茬苜蓿鮮草分別增產20.40%、12.15%。(3)乳酸菌及其代謝產物可以提升苜蓿品質、提高苜蓿利用價值,其中乳酸菌活菌試驗組作用明顯,與對照組相比,活菌試驗組第六茬苜蓿粗蛋白含量提高2個百分點,相對飼用價值提升10個百分點。(4)乳酸菌及其代謝產物可以改善土壤環(huán)境、增加土壤養(yǎng)分同時促進土壤有益微生物的繁殖并且抑制土壤有害真菌的生長。其中乳酸菌代謝產物使14#地土壤有機質提高6.00%,使土壤有效磷提高1.00%,乳酸菌活菌試驗組比對照組土壤有效鉀提高90.10%。乳酸菌活菌試驗組與乳酸菌代謝產物試驗組相比于對照組土壤細菌總數分別提高37.50%及17.70%,放線菌數分別提高42.00%及38.64%,真菌數分別降低43.59%及45.45%。
[Abstract]:Alfalfa is known as the king of forage, which plays an irreplaceable role in livestock and poultry breeding. With the development of large-scale aquaculture in China, the shortage of alfalfa production capacity is particularly prominent, and in order to increase the production of alfalfa, excessive fertilizer, pesticide application led to a series of environmental problems. How to increase alfalfa production while reducing environmental pollution has become an urgent problem. Lactic acid bacteria and its metabolites as a safe and environmentally friendly microecological preparation have potential application value in increasing alfalfa yield and improving alfalfa quality. In this experiment, five strains of lactic acid bacteria (L.plantarun IMAU80065,L.plantarun IMAU70101,L.plantarun IMAU70088 L.plantarun IMAU11048,L. casei IMAU10048), which had good inhibitory effect on pathogenic fungi, were screened out in the early stage and were subjected to low temperature (25 鈩，

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