【摘要】：本文選取東北地區(qū)12個(gè)濕地樣點(diǎn)的土壤及其上生長(zhǎng)的蘆葦做為實(shí)驗(yàn)樣品,研究土壤中不同陰陽離子濃度時(shí)空分異及其對(duì)蘆葦植硅體的影響,豐富植硅體的形成因素研究,并為東北地區(qū)濕地健康評(píng)價(jià)和古環(huán)境恢復(fù)提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。研究結(jié)論如下:(1)東北地區(qū)土壤中Cl~-、NO_3~-、SO_4~2-三種陰離子平均含量分別為292.67 mg·kg~(-1)、297.14mg·kg~(-1)、367.49 mg·kg~(-1),SO_4~2-含量最高。土壤中K~+、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+)四種陽離子平均含量分別為80.30 mg·kg~(-1)、91.07mg·kg~(-1)、281.51mg·kg~(-1)、37.63mg·kg~(-1),其中Na~+含量最高。土壤陰陽離子含量的時(shí)空變異規(guī)律明顯,其空間分異主要受母質(zhì)、土壤理化性質(zhì)和水熱條件的影響,而時(shí)間分異則主要受水熱條件和蘆葦自身需求的影響。(2)土壤K~+和Na~+的空間分布具有相似性,Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)的空間分布也具有相似性。K~+和Na~+對(duì)電導(dǎo)率影響較大,而Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)濃度與SO_4~(2-)呈相關(guān)性顯著。變差系數(shù)分析表明蘆葦和土壤陽離子的時(shí)間變異明顯,且不同離子時(shí)間變異趨勢(shì)不同。(3)蘆葦中陰陽離子的含量主要受土壤陰陽離子含量和蘆葦自身對(duì)離子的需求量的影響,蘆葦和土壤中NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+)含量相關(guān)性顯著,并且蘆葦和土壤中陰陽離子比值較低,推測(cè)蘆葦對(duì)NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+)的吸收可能是以被動(dòng)吸收占優(yōu)勢(shì)。蘆葦和土壤Cl-、K~+含量的相關(guān)性不顯著且蘆葦和土壤中陰陽離子比值較高,推斷東北地區(qū)蘆葦對(duì)Cl-和K~+的吸收方式可能是主動(dòng)運(yùn)輸。(4)東北地區(qū)土壤SO_4~2-、NO_3~-、Ca~(2+)、Na~+和K~+含量與蘆葦植硅體濃度相關(guān)性較大,排序分析表明土壤中Ca~(2+)、K~+和SO_4~(2-)對(duì)蘆葦植硅體濃度影響較大。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the soil of 12 wetland sample sites in Northeast China and the Reed growing on it were selected as experimental samples to study the temporal and spatial differentiation of different concentrations of anions and anions in soil and their effects on the silicon phytoplankton of Reed, and to study the forming factors of phytolith. It also provides basic data for wetland health assessment and paleoenvironment restoration in Northeast China. The results are as follows: (1) the average contents of three kinds of anions in soil of Northeast China are 292.67 mg kg~ (-1), 292.67 mg kg~ (-1), 367.49 mg kg~ (-1), respectively. The content of SO_4~2- was the highest. The average contents of K ~, Ca~ (2), Na~, Mg~ (2) in soil were 80.30 mg kg~ (-1), 91.07mg kg~ (-1), 281.51mg kg~ (-1), 37.63mg kg~ (-1), among which Na~ content was the highest. The temporal and spatial variation of soil anion content is obvious, and its spatial differentiation is mainly affected by parent material, physical and chemical properties of soil and water and heat conditions. But the temporal differentiation was mainly influenced by the water and heat conditions and the demand of Reed itself. (2) the spatial distribution of soil K ~ and Na~ were similar, and the spatial distributions of Ca~ (2) and Mg~ (2) were also similar. K ~ and Na~ had great influence on the conductivity. The concentrations of Ca~ (2) and Mg~ (2) were significantly correlated with SO_4~ (2 -). The variation coefficient analysis showed that the time variation of reeds and soil cations was obvious. The variation trend of different ion time is different. (3) the content of cationic and anion in Reed is mainly affected by the content of soil anion and the demand for ions by Reed itself, and NO_3~-,SO_4~ (2-) in Reed and soil; The contents of Ca~ (2), Na~, Mg~ (2) were significantly correlated, and the ratio of cationic and anion in Reed to soil was lower. It was inferred that Reed had a positive effect on NO_3~-,SO_4~ (2 -), Ca~ (2), Na~, and so on. The absorption of Mg~ (2) may be dominated by passive absorption. The correlation between Reed and soil Cl-,K~ content is not significant and the ratio of reeds to soil ions is high. It is inferred that the absorption of Cl- and K ~ by Reed in Northeast China may be by active transport. (4) soil SO_4~2-, in Northeast China. The contents of NO_3~-,Ca~ (2), Na~ and K ~ were significantly correlated with the concentration of reeds. The sequencing analysis showed that Ca~ (2), K ~ and SO_4~ (2-) had a great influence on the concentration of reeds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S153.3

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