【摘要】：以亞熱帶地區(qū)天然林、格氏栲人工林和杉木人工林為對(duì)象,采取PVC管原位培養(yǎng)連續(xù)取樣法,對(duì)不同林分土壤凈氨化速率、凈硝化速率及凈氮礦化速率進(jìn)行為期一年(2014年9月—2015年8月)的研究,分析林分類型和季節(jié)動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)土壤礦質(zhì)氮庫(kù)和凈氮礦化速率的影響.結(jié)果表明:硝態(tài)氮是該地區(qū)土壤礦質(zhì)氮庫(kù)的主要存在形式,天然林和杉木人工林土壤硝態(tài)氮含量分別占總土壤礦質(zhì)氮庫(kù)的55.1%~87.5%和56.1%~79.1%,林分間土壤銨態(tài)氮含量差異不顯著,硝態(tài)氮含量差異顯著,其中格氏栲人工林土壤硝態(tài)氮含量顯著低于天然林和杉木人工林.土壤硝態(tài)氮庫(kù)和礦質(zhì)氮庫(kù)在不同月份間差異顯著,在植物非生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)(10月至次年2月)較大,在植物生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)(3—9月)較小.各林分全年土壤凈硝化速率均較低,凈氨化速率是凈氮礦化速率的主要存在形式,林分類型對(duì)土壤凈氨化速率有顯著影響,其中杉木人工林顯著低于天然林和格氏栲人工林.月份對(duì)土壤凈氨化速率有顯著影響,各林分土壤凈氨化速率變化規(guī)律不一致,但均在11月和2月達(dá)到一年中的最低值.重復(fù)測(cè)量方差分析顯示,林分類型和季節(jié)動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)土壤礦質(zhì)氮庫(kù)及氮礦化速率均有顯著影響.溫度和水分是影響土壤礦質(zhì)庫(kù)及氮礦化速率的重要因素,凋落物對(duì)土壤氮礦化速率的影響主要是通過(guò)質(zhì)量控制而非數(shù)量控制.
[Abstract]:The natural forest, Castanopsis kawakamii plantation and Chinese fir plantation in subtropical region were studied. The soil net ammoniation rate of different stands was studied by continuous sampling method of PVC tube culture in situ. The net nitrification rate and net nitrogen mineralization rate were studied for one year (September 2014 to August 2015) to analyze the effects of stand types and seasonal dynamics on soil mineral nitrogen pool and net nitrogen mineralization rate. The results showed that nitrate nitrogen was the main form of mineral nitrogen pool in this area, and the nitrate content of natural forest and Chinese fir plantation accounted for 87.5% and 56.1% of the total mineral nitrogen pool, respectively, and 56.1% and 79.1% of the total mineral nitrogen pool in the natural forest and Chinese fir plantation, respectively. There was no significant difference in soil ammonium nitrogen content among stands, but there was significant difference in nitrate nitrogen content, especially in Castanopsis kawakamii plantation soil nitrate nitrogen content was significantly lower than that in natural forest and Chinese fir plantation. Soil nitrate pool and mineral nitrogen pool were significantly different in different months, which were larger in non-growth season (from October to February) and smaller in plant growing season (March to September). The net nitrification rate of all stands was low, and the net ammoniation rate was the main form of net nitrogen mineralization rate. The type of stand had significant influence on the net nitrification rate of soil, and the Chinese fir plantation was significantly lower than the natural forest and Castanopsis kawakamii plantation. The change of net ammoniation rate of different stands was not consistent, but reached the lowest value in November and February. Repeated measurement variance analysis showed that stand types and seasonal dynamics had significant effects on soil mineral nitrogen pool and nitrogen mineralization rate. Temperature and water are the important factors that affect the mineralization rate of soil nitrogen and the effect of litter on soil nitrogen mineralization rate is mainly through quality control rather than quantity control.
【作者單位】： 濕潤(rùn)亞熱帶山地生態(tài)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育基地;福建師范大學(xué)地理科學(xué)學(xué)院;福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)林學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41371269) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014CB954003)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S714

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