氮肥施用對科爾沁地區(qū)糧飼兼用玉米氮素積累及氮效率的影響
[Abstract]:The effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen efficiency of grain and forage maize in Horqin region were studied. Two maize growing seasons from 2012 to 2013 were used to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen efficiency. Using "Jinshan 10" as experimental material, five fertilization treatments were set up: no nitrogen fertilizer (CK); Low nitrogen 180 kg/hm2 (L); recommended N application amount 260 kg/hm2 (R); combined with organic fertilizer, total N amount 260 kg/hm2 (C); farmers traditional N 270 kg/hm2 (F). The results showed that the yield of corn treated with organic fertilizer with nitrogen fertilizer was the highest, and the biological yield and economic yield of this treatment were increased by 3.52% and 6.29%, respectively, compared with other fertilization treatments. Nitrogen use efficiency was the highest in CK treatment, and low in high nitrogen application rate. The nitrogen recovery efficiency, physiological efficiency and agronomic efficiency of organic fertilizer treatment were higher than those of other fertilization treatments. The difference between these three indexes and other fertilization treatments reached a significant level (P0.01), and the nitrogen fertilizer recovery efficiency of this treatment was significantly higher than that of other fertilization treatments (P0.01). Physiological efficiency and agronomic efficiency were 10.70% and 5.16% higher than those of low nitrogen treatment, respectively, and 6.21% and 5.16%, respectively, and 3.44% and 7.36% higher than that of recommended nitrogen treatment. 1.62 4.49% and 3.42% and 3.50%, 4.89% higher than the traditional nitrogenous treatment of farmers, 8.60% and 1.11% 5.70% and 3.79% and 4.49% higher. Adding nitrogen fertilizer and applying organic fertilizer in combination with nitrogen fertilizer increased the nitrogen accumulation of corn, the total nitrogen accumulation of the latter was higher than that of other fertilization treatments (1.88~11.42g/m2 (2012) and 0.861.88 g/m2 (2013), respectively). It was 0.891.71 g/m2 and 0.86 ~ 1.93 g / m ~ (2) higher than that of recommended nitrogen application and farmers' traditional nitrogen application, respectively. In the high-yield cultivation of corn with both grain and feed, the combination of nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer is beneficial to increase the yield and increase the amount of nitrogen accumulation, which is a more reasonable fertilization method in this area. These studies are expected to provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization of grain and forage maize in Horqin area.
【作者單位】: 內(nèi)蒙古民族大學農(nóng)學院;
【基金】:第41批教育部留學回國人員科研啟動基金 內(nèi)蒙古自然科學基金[2016MS0335和2017MS(LH)0308]
【分類號】:S143.1;S513
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