【摘要】：為探明長(zhǎng)期免耕和深松對(duì)土壤物理特征的影響,在長(zhǎng)期定位試驗(yàn)中分層(0~10,10~20,…,90~100cm)采取環(huán)刀土壤樣品,測(cè)定了0~100cm不同土層的土壤密度、土壤持水能力、供水能力、田間持水量、飽和含水量及有效含水量等。結(jié)果表明:隨土層的加深,土壤密度表現(xiàn)為先降后增再趨于穩(wěn)定,土壤持水能力表現(xiàn)為先降低再增加的趨勢(shì),土壤供水能力表現(xiàn)為先增加再降低再增加而趨于平緩,田間持水量表現(xiàn)為逐漸降低再增加的趨勢(shì),土壤有效水則表現(xiàn)為先增加后降低而趨于穩(wěn)定的趨勢(shì)。深松處理40cm以上土層的土壤密度相對(duì)較低,在20~50cm土層的持水能力最強(qiáng),而在60~80cm土層,其持水能力卻最低。在0~10和40~80cm土層,土壤供水能力表現(xiàn)為:免耕深松常規(guī)耕作。在20~40和80~90cm土層中,仍以深松處理的供水能力較強(qiáng)。在0~10cm土層中,各處理的飽和含水量和田間持水量均表現(xiàn)為:免耕深松常規(guī)耕作;在20~50cm土層,深松免耕常規(guī)耕作;在50~80cm土層,免耕深松常規(guī)耕作;在80cm土層以下,深松免耕常規(guī)耕作。免耕處理0~10cm土層的土壤有效水含量明顯高于其他處理,而在10~50cm土層,深松處理最高。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effects of long-term no-tillage and deep soaking on soil physical characteristics, stratification was carried out in a long-term localizing experiment. The soil density, soil water holding capacity, water supply capacity, field water holding capacity, saturated water content and available water content in different soil layers of 0~100cm were measured by 90~100cm. The results showed that with the deepening of soil layer, the soil density decreased first and then increased and then became stable, the water holding capacity of soil decreased first and then increased, and the water supply capacity of soil increased first and then decreased and then increased slowly. The field water capacity decreased gradually and then increased, while the available soil water increased first and then decreased and then tended to stabilize. The soil density of deep loosening treatment above 40cm is relatively low, and the water holding capacity of 20~50cm soil is the strongest, while that of 60~80cm soil is the lowest. In 0 ~ 10 and 40~80cm soil layers, the ability of soil water supply was as follows: no tillage and deep loosening conventional tillage. In 20 ~ 40 and 80~90cm soil layers, the water supply capacity of deep loosening treatment is stronger. In the 0~10cm soil layer, the saturated water content and the field water capacity of each treatment are as follows: conventional tillage with no tillage and deep loosening, conventional tillage with deep loose tillage in 20~50cm soil layer, conventional tillage with deep loose tillage with no tillage with deep loosening in 50~80cm soil layer; Under the 80cm soil layer, deep loose no-tillage conventional tillage. The soil available water content in 0~10cm soil layer under no-tillage treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments, but in 10~50cm soil layer, deep loosening treatment was the highest.
【作者單位】： 河南省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與資源環(huán)境研究所;農(nóng)業(yè)部作物高效用水科學(xué)觀測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)站;河南邦友科技有限公司;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(U1404404) 河南省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院優(yōu)秀青年科技基金項(xiàng)目(2016YQ12) 國(guó)家“863”計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2013AA102904)
【分類號(hào)】：S152

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