轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊樹對根周圍土壤微生物多樣性及數(shù)量的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-23 17:45
【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)將是今后相當(dāng)長的一段時間內(nèi)眾多領(lǐng)域在生物技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的核心技術(shù)。大規(guī)模商業(yè)化種植轉(zhuǎn)基因植物是引起轉(zhuǎn)基因植物的生物安全性問題的主要原因,轉(zhuǎn)基因樹木與普通樹木很類似,它們的生長周期都比較長。這會增加轉(zhuǎn)基因樹木的不穩(wěn)定性,由于基因漂移或基因逃逸會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面的影響,或?qū)π碌沫h(huán)境造成風(fēng)險。由于關(guān)系到生物及自然環(huán)境的保護(hù)和人類健康,轉(zhuǎn)基因植物的生態(tài)安全性問題受到科學(xué)界乃至社會各界的廣泛關(guān)注。本試驗是對轉(zhuǎn)BtCry3A基因741楊和轉(zhuǎn)BtCry1Ac基因741楊,通過試驗測定其土壤微生物的數(shù)量,對轉(zhuǎn)BtCry3A基因楊各系號及轉(zhuǎn)BtCry1Ac基因741楊對土壤中微生物種群和數(shù)量的影響進(jìn)行分析研究。又研究了轉(zhuǎn)BtCry3A基因741楊不同系號在土壤中Bt毒蛋白的殘留。旨在為轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊生態(tài)安全性評價及其合理的利用與推廣提供依據(jù)。試驗結(jié)果表明轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊與對照741楊的根系土壤細(xì)菌、真菌和放線菌數(shù)量差異顯著,說明轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊對土壤微生物群落有明顯影響。轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊與對照的根圍、根際和根表土中的細(xì)菌和放線菌數(shù)量動態(tài)變化規(guī)律基本一致,8月份數(shù)量明顯高于其他月份。真菌數(shù)量動態(tài)變化規(guī)律略有不同,9月份數(shù)量明顯高于其他月份。經(jīng)過對轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊土壤中細(xì)菌、真菌和放線菌數(shù)量進(jìn)行方差分析,在生長季節(jié)中CC84系號對根圍土壤細(xì)菌數(shù)量影響顯著,CC71系號對根圍土壤真菌數(shù)量影響顯著。CC22系號對根圍土壤放線菌數(shù)量影響顯著。CC70系號對根際土壤中細(xì)菌數(shù)量影響顯著;CC22與CC53系號對根際土壤中真菌數(shù)量影響顯著,Pb29系號對根際土壤中放線菌數(shù)量影響顯著。CC71系號對根表土壤中細(xì)菌和放線菌數(shù)量影響顯著,CC84系號對根表土壤中真菌數(shù)量影響顯著。對轉(zhuǎn)BtCry3A基因741楊各系號根圍土的毒蛋白殘留進(jìn)行檢測,結(jié)果表明轉(zhuǎn)BtCry3A基因741楊不同系號的根圍土均能檢測到Bt毒蛋白。CC84系號中Bt毒蛋白的殘留顯著高于其它系號,不同系號的Bt毒蛋白的表達(dá)量有差異。各系號楊在同一時期,在不同植株土壤Bt毒蛋白的殘留不同,各系號毒蛋白表達(dá)有明顯差異。對轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊的土壤真菌群落多樣性進(jìn)行分析,土壤中所含真菌種類排序為根際土根圍土根表土,轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊根圍土真菌的物種數(shù)與個體數(shù)均小于對照,CC22系號分布最均勻;CC84系號的物種數(shù)與個體數(shù)較多,分布均勻且多樣性指數(shù)高。根際土壤中轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊真菌的物種數(shù)均大于對照,CC31系號的個體數(shù)最小;根圍土與根際土中CC53系號的分布最不均勻,多樣性與優(yōu)勢集中性最小。轉(zhuǎn)基因741楊根表土壤真菌的個體數(shù)均大于對照,CC70與CC22系號分布最不均勻,多樣性與優(yōu)勢集中性均低于對照。
[Abstract]:Transgenic technology will be the core technology in biotechnology industry for a long time in the future. Large-scale commercial planting of transgenic plants is the main cause of biological safety problems of transgenic plants. Transgenic trees are very similar to ordinary trees and their growth cycle is relatively long. This will increase the instability of transgenic trees, because gene drift or gene escape may have a negative impact on the environment, or pose a risk to the new environment. The ecological safety of transgenic plants has been paid more and more attention by the scientific community and even the whole society because of its influence on the protection of living things and natural environment and human health. The experiment was conducted to study the effects of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene and poplar BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of microorganism in soil. The number of soil microbes in transgenic poplar of BtCry3A gene and the effect of transgenic poplar of BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of soil microorganism were analyzed. The residues of Bt toxin protein in soil of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene were studied. The aim is to provide basis for ecological safety evaluation and rational utilization and popularization of transgenic poplar 741. The results showed that the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in root soil of transgenic poplar 741 was significantly different from that of control poplar 741, which indicated that transgenic poplar 741 had obvious influence on soil microbial community. The dynamic changes of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere, rhizosphere and topsoil of transgenic poplar 741 were basically consistent with those of control, and the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in August was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of fungi in September was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed by variance analysis. During the growing season, the number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC71 strain number significantly affected the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, CC22 strain number significantly affected the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, and CC70 strain number significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC22 and CC53 line number had significant effect on the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, Pb29 line number had significant effect on the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, CC71 strain number had significant effect on the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in root surface soil. The number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of fungi in root surface soil. The residue of toxin protein in root soil of transgenic BtCry3A gene 741 poplar was detected. The results showed that Bt toxin protein could be detected in root soil of BtCry3A transgenic poplar 741. The residue of Bt toxin protein in CC84 line number was significantly higher than that in other lines. The expression of Bt toxin protein was different among different lines. In the same period, the residues of Bt toxin protein in different plant soils were different, and the expression of Bt toxin protein was significantly different in different lines of poplar. The diversity of soil fungal community of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed. The species of fungi contained in the soil were ranked as rhizosphere soil topsoil, and the species number and individual number of transgenic poplar 741 poplar rhizosphere fungi were smaller than that of control, and the distribution of CC22 line number was the most uniform. The number of species and individuals of CC84 line number is more, the distribution is uniform and the diversity index is high. The species number of transgenic Poplar 741 in rhizosphere soil was higher than that of control, and the number of individuals with CC31 line number was the smallest, and the distribution of CC53 line number in rhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration was the least. The number of individuals of transgenic 741 poplar root surface soil fungi was higher than that of the control, and the distribution of CC70 and CC22 lines was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration were lower than that of the control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S792.11;S714.3
[Abstract]:Transgenic technology will be the core technology in biotechnology industry for a long time in the future. Large-scale commercial planting of transgenic plants is the main cause of biological safety problems of transgenic plants. Transgenic trees are very similar to ordinary trees and their growth cycle is relatively long. This will increase the instability of transgenic trees, because gene drift or gene escape may have a negative impact on the environment, or pose a risk to the new environment. The ecological safety of transgenic plants has been paid more and more attention by the scientific community and even the whole society because of its influence on the protection of living things and natural environment and human health. The experiment was conducted to study the effects of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene and poplar BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of microorganism in soil. The number of soil microbes in transgenic poplar of BtCry3A gene and the effect of transgenic poplar of BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of soil microorganism were analyzed. The residues of Bt toxin protein in soil of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene were studied. The aim is to provide basis for ecological safety evaluation and rational utilization and popularization of transgenic poplar 741. The results showed that the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in root soil of transgenic poplar 741 was significantly different from that of control poplar 741, which indicated that transgenic poplar 741 had obvious influence on soil microbial community. The dynamic changes of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere, rhizosphere and topsoil of transgenic poplar 741 were basically consistent with those of control, and the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in August was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of fungi in September was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed by variance analysis. During the growing season, the number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC71 strain number significantly affected the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, CC22 strain number significantly affected the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, and CC70 strain number significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC22 and CC53 line number had significant effect on the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, Pb29 line number had significant effect on the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, CC71 strain number had significant effect on the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in root surface soil. The number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of fungi in root surface soil. The residue of toxin protein in root soil of transgenic BtCry3A gene 741 poplar was detected. The results showed that Bt toxin protein could be detected in root soil of BtCry3A transgenic poplar 741. The residue of Bt toxin protein in CC84 line number was significantly higher than that in other lines. The expression of Bt toxin protein was different among different lines. In the same period, the residues of Bt toxin protein in different plant soils were different, and the expression of Bt toxin protein was significantly different in different lines of poplar. The diversity of soil fungal community of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed. The species of fungi contained in the soil were ranked as rhizosphere soil topsoil, and the species number and individual number of transgenic poplar 741 poplar rhizosphere fungi were smaller than that of control, and the distribution of CC22 line number was the most uniform. The number of species and individuals of CC84 line number is more, the distribution is uniform and the diversity index is high. The species number of transgenic Poplar 741 in rhizosphere soil was higher than that of control, and the number of individuals with CC31 line number was the smallest, and the distribution of CC53 line number in rhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration was the least. The number of individuals of transgenic 741 poplar root surface soil fungi was higher than that of the control, and the distribution of CC70 and CC22 lines was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration were lower than that of the control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S792.11;S714.3
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