【摘要】：針對太湖地區(qū)稻田改種菜地后帶來的土壤酸化現(xiàn)象,以碳酸鈣與生物炭作為酸化改良劑,開展室內(nèi)培養(yǎng)及多次淋洗模擬試驗,比較兩種改良劑對酸化菜地土壤持氮能力及酸化修復(fù)效果的影響.結(jié)果表明,基于堿緩沖曲線法,本試驗用酸化菜地土壤每提高1個p H單位需向土壤中添加碳酸鈣3.92×10-2mol·kg~(-1)或生物炭27.73 g·kg~(-1).無外源氮條件下碳酸鈣添加使土壤氮礦化速率顯著提高了37%,對土壤銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮含量影響不顯著;生物炭添加使土壤氮礦化速率顯著提高了35%~44%,且顯著增加了土壤硝態(tài)氮含量42%~58%.模擬淋洗下,生物炭添加顯著消減滲漏液體積24%,滲漏液氮濃度45%,顯著減少氮淋失量42%~57%,而碳酸鈣添加對滲漏液體積沒有影響,增加了滲漏液中氮濃度,氮淋失量增加了12%~76%.淋洗后,各處理土壤p H值發(fā)生不同程度的降低,無外源氮條件下添加碳酸鈣處理土壤p H值降幅最低,外源氮添加條件下生物炭添加處理降幅最低.由此可見,碳酸鈣對酸化土壤修復(fù)效率較高,但在外源氮添加條件下降低了土壤持氮能力,更適用于酸化嚴(yán)重且需要休耕改良的菜地土壤;生物炭在維持土壤p H值的同時可以有效提高土壤礦質(zhì)氮留存量,降低氮淋失,更適用于仍在高強度種植的菜地土壤.
[Abstract]:In view of the acidification phenomenon of soil caused by the change of paddy field to vegetable field in Taihu Lake area, calcium carbonate and biochar were used as acidification modifiers to carry out indoor culture and repeated leaching simulation tests. The effects of two modifiers on soil nitrogen holding capacity and acidizing remediation were compared. The results showed that, based on alkali buffer curve method, calcium carbonate (3.92 脳 10-2mol kg~ (-1) or biochar 27.73 g kg~ (-1) should be added to the soil for each increase of 1 pH unit in acidified vegetable soil. Under the condition of no exogenous nitrogen, the addition of calcium carbonate significantly increased the mineralization rate of soil nitrogen by 37%, but had no significant effect on the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soil. The addition of biochar significantly increased the soil nitrogen mineralization rate and the nitrate content in the soil. Under simulated leaching, biochar significantly reduced leakage volume by 24%, leakage nitrogen concentration by 45%, significantly reduced nitrogen leaching loss by 42%, and calcium carbonate addition had no effect on leakage volume, and increased nitrogen concentration in leakage solution. The amount of nitrogen leaching increased by 12%. After leaching, the pH value of each treatment decreased in different degrees, the decrease of pH value was the lowest in the treatment of adding calcium carbonate without exogenous nitrogen, and the lowest in the addition of biochar under the condition of adding exogenous nitrogen. It can be seen that calcium carbonate has high remediation efficiency to acidified soil, but under the condition of exogenous nitrogen addition, the soil nitrogen holding capacity is reduced, which is more suitable for vegetable soil with severe acidification and need fallow tillage and improvement. Biochar can effectively increase soil mineral nitrogen retention and reduce nitrogen leaching while maintaining soil pH value. It is more suitable for vegetable soil which is still planted with high intensity.
【作者單位】： 江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與環(huán)境研究所農(nóng)業(yè)部長江下游平原農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境重點實驗室;夸祖魯-納塔爾大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)地球與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金青年科學(xué)基金項目(41501320) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0801101) 公益行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201503106)
【分類號】：S156.6

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 龔久平;重慶市城郊菜地土壤現(xiàn)狀與治理對策[J];西南園藝;2000年02期

2 杰林;;老菜地土壤惡化及治理[J];農(nóng)家之友;1998年01期

3 ;蔬菜地土壤惡化的治理[J];農(nóng)業(yè)科技與信息;2003年06期

，

本文編號：2332795