【摘要】：【目的】保護(hù)性耕作在中國(guó)西北旱區(qū)已得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中重要的技術(shù)措施。探析保護(hù)性耕作對(duì)土壤肥力和土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,有助于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本試驗(yàn)從土壤理化性質(zhì)和微生物相結(jié)合的角度,探討保護(hù)性耕作對(duì)土壤微生物空間結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,以及旱作麥田微生物群落豐度和土壤理化性質(zhì)的相關(guān)性,為推廣保護(hù)性耕作措施提供理論依據(jù)和實(shí)踐支持�！痉椒ā恳灾袊�(guó)西北旱區(qū)土壤為研究對(duì)象,常規(guī)耕作翻耕(PT)為對(duì)照,設(shè)計(jì)深松耕(CPT)和免耕(ZT)兩種保護(hù)性耕作方式,采用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR技術(shù),測(cè)定土壤微生物群落豐度和土壤理化性質(zhì)指標(biāo),并分析微生物群落空間分布與土壤理化性質(zhì)和保護(hù)性耕作之間的關(guān)系�！窘Y(jié)果】長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)用保護(hù)性耕作已對(duì)旱作麥田的環(huán)境產(chǎn)生顯著影響,不同的耕作方式對(duì)土壤真菌和細(xì)菌群落豐度有不同的影響,兩者對(duì)3種耕作方式均有不同程度的響應(yīng);在不同的耕作方式下,土壤微生物空間分布不均,連續(xù)性較差,空間變異程度較高,表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的空間聚集分布。耕作方式對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)和酶活性也有顯著的影響,與傳統(tǒng)翻耕相比,深松耕和免耕方式能顯著提高土壤黏粒、水分、全氮、銨態(tài)氮含量和脲酶、蔗糖酶活性。典范主分量分析(CPCA)結(jié)果表明,土壤微生物群落豐度和理化性質(zhì)變化主要受到耕作方式的影響,并且土壤微生物群落豐度與理化性質(zhì)密切相關(guān),在免耕方式下,土壤黏粒、水分和銨態(tài)氮含量等顯著影響土壤細(xì)菌群落分布;在深松耕方式下,土壤可溶性碳含量和過(guò)氧化氫酶活性等顯著影響土壤真菌群落分布�！窘Y(jié)論】旱作麥田采用保護(hù)性耕作,可以影響土壤微生物群落豐度和空間分布,并且顯著影響土壤理化性質(zhì),進(jìn)而影響土壤微生物空間結(jié)構(gòu)。同時(shí),土壤水分和碳氮含量分別顯著影響土壤細(xì)菌和真菌豐度。
[Abstract]:[objective] Conservation tillage has been widely used in arid areas of northwest China and is an important technical measure in agricultural production. The effect of conservation tillage on soil fertility and soil microbial community structure is helpful to the sustainable development of agricultural production. In this study, the effects of conservation tillage on soil microbial spatial structure and the correlation between soil microbial community abundance and soil physical and chemical properties were discussed from the point of view of combining soil physical and chemical properties with soil physical and chemical properties. To provide theoretical basis and practical support for popularizing conservation tillage measures. [methods] soil in arid region of northwest China was studied and conventional tillage (PT) was used as control. Two conservation tillage methods, (CPT) and no-tillage (ZT), were designed. The soil microbial community abundance and soil physical and chemical properties were measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The relationship between the spatial distribution of microbial communities and soil physical and chemical properties and conservation tillage was also analyzed. [results] the long-term application of conservation tillage had a significant impact on the environment of dry wheat fields. Different tillage methods had different effects on the abundance of soil fungal and bacterial communities, and they all had different responses to the three tillage methods. The spatial distribution of soil microbes was uneven, the continuity was poor, and the degree of spatial variation was higher under different cultivation methods, showing a strong spatial aggregation distribution. Compared with traditional tillage, deep soaking and no-tillage could significantly increase soil clay, water, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, urease and sucrase activity. The results of canonical principal component analysis (CPCA) showed that the changes of soil microbial community abundance and physical and chemical properties were mainly affected by tillage methods, and soil microbial community abundance was closely related to physical and chemical properties. Water and ammonium nitrogen contents significantly affected the distribution of soil bacterial communities. The distribution of soil fungal communities was significantly affected by soil soluble carbon content and catalase activity. [conclusion] the abundance and spatial distribution of soil microbial communities could be affected by conservation tillage in dryland wheat fields. The physical and chemical properties of soil were significantly affected, and the spatial structure of soil microorganisms was further affected. At the same time, soil moisture and carbon and nitrogen content significantly affected soil bacterial and fungal abundance, respectively.
【作者單位】： 西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31571621,31471451) 陜西省農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新與攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(2016NY-001) 陜西省科技統(tǒng)籌創(chuàng)新工程計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015TZC-N-11-3)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S345;S154.3;S153

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 林先貴;陳瑞蕊;胡君利;;土壤微生物資源管理、應(yīng)用技術(shù)與學(xué)科展望[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2010年24期

2 杝冿癸;;中W科[x院土壤微生物[x座娗g和我W土壤微生物[xv|展概況[J];科學(xué)通報(bào);1954年09期

3 ;666粉劑對(duì)土壤微生物有什么影響[J];昆蟲(chóng)知識(shí);1958年05期

4 ;灌溉對(duì)土壤微生物有什么影響[J];水文月刊;1960年05期

5 閔三弟,章家騏,盧善玲,蔣筱仙;鎘對(duì)土壤微生物影響的研究[J];農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1983年02期

6 莊鐵誠(chéng),林鵬;紅樹(shù)林凋落葉自然分解過(guò)程中土壤微生物生理類(lèi)群的變化[J];廈門(mén)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);1993年06期

7 張德明,陳章和,林麗明,黃群聲;白云山土壤微生物的季節(jié)變化及其對(duì)環(huán)境污染的反應(yīng)[J];生態(tài)科學(xué);1998年01期

8 田育軍,林杉,趙篤樂(lè),吳文良,胡恒覺(jué);長(zhǎng)期不同施肥土壤微生物態(tài)氮作為土壤供氮指標(biāo)的研究[J];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2000年01期

9 于建壘,宋國(guó)春,萬(wàn)魯長(zhǎng),曹德強(qiáng),于迎春;苯黃隆對(duì)土壤微生物的影響研究[J];微生物學(xué)雜志;2000年03期

10 陳灝,唐小樹(shù),林潔,張伯生,任大明;不經(jīng)培養(yǎng)的農(nóng)田土壤微生物種群構(gòu)成及系統(tǒng)分類(lèi)的初步研究[J];微生物學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 劉蕓;許發(fā)倫;廖家莉;劉寧;楊遠(yuǎn)友;李磊;;土壤微生物的篩分及對(duì)鈾的吸附行為研究[A];第九屆全國(guó)核化學(xué)與放射化學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2010年

2 王仁卿;張明才;;土壤微生物多樣性研究現(xiàn)狀評(píng)述[A];面向21世紀(jì)的中國(guó)生物多樣性保護(hù)——第三屆全國(guó)生物多樣性保護(hù)與持續(xù)利用研討會(huì)論文集[C];1998年

3 嚴(yán)君;韓曉增;王守宇;;黑土不同植被覆蓋與施肥下土壤微生物的變化特征[A];第四次全國(guó)土壤生物和生物化學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

4 林先貴;;土壤微生物分子生態(tài)學(xué)與經(jīng)典生物學(xué)的和諧發(fā)展[A];中國(guó)土壤學(xué)會(huì)第十一屆全國(guó)會(huì)員代表大會(huì)暨第七屆海峽兩岸土壤肥料學(xué)術(shù)交流研討會(huì)論文集（下）[C];2008年

5 佘文文;姚俊;;等溫微量熱法研究原油污染對(duì)土壤微生物的影響[A];第三屆泛環(huán)渤海（七省二市）生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)會(huì)——2012年學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集[C];2012年

6 王金花;朱魯生;王軍;謝慧;;4種典型抗生素對(duì)土壤微生物呼吸的影響[A];十一五農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境研究回顧與展望——第四屆全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

7 崣震av;;臺(tái)pc土壤微生物研究之怤去，

本文編號(hào)：2322251