【摘要】：耕地質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)是及時(shí)掌握耕地質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)能變化的必要手段,科學(xué)合理的抽樣方法不僅能保證監(jiān)測(cè)精度,還可以減少監(jiān)測(cè)成本。本文以河北省黃驊市為研究區(qū)域,結(jié)合區(qū)域耕地質(zhì)量的實(shí)際狀況,運(yùn)用6種抽樣方法抽取耕地單元作為監(jiān)測(cè)樣點(diǎn),并計(jì)算和比較不同抽樣均值的最大相對(duì)誤差和相對(duì)抽樣精度。結(jié)果表明,抽樣精度隨著樣本容量的增加而提升,速度由快變慢。與簡(jiǎn)單隨機(jī)抽樣相比,在抽樣精度方面,系統(tǒng)分層抽樣和系統(tǒng)等距抽樣的優(yōu)勢(shì)極大,并隨著樣本數(shù)量的增加優(yōu)勢(shì)擴(kuò)大;等別分層抽樣的優(yōu)勢(shì)較大并且平穩(wěn);鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)分層抽樣的優(yōu)勢(shì)不大。網(wǎng)格分層抽樣不但沒有優(yōu)勢(shì),反而可能造成精度的損失。不同的抽樣方法在滿足相同的監(jiān)測(cè)精度時(shí)所需的樣本量差異顯著,合理的抽樣方法在滿足監(jiān)測(cè)精度的同時(shí),可以明顯地減少樣本量。本研究有助于選擇出最合適的抽樣方法,以期為耕地質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)中不同抽樣方法的精度比較提供方法指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land quality monitoring is a necessary means to grasp the change of cultivated land quality and productivity in time. A scientific and reasonable sampling method can not only guarantee the monitoring accuracy but also reduce the monitoring cost. Taking Huanghua City of Hebei Province as the research area and combining with the actual situation of regional cultivated land quality, this paper uses 6 sampling methods to select cultivated land units as monitoring sample points, and calculates and compares the maximum relative error and relative sampling accuracy of different sampling mean values. The results show that the sampling accuracy increases with the increase of sample size, and the speed changes from fast to slow. Compared with simple random sampling, systematic stratified sampling and systematic equidistant sampling have great advantages in sampling accuracy, and expand with the increase of sample number, and the advantage of isotropic stratified sampling is larger and more stable than that of simple random sampling. The advantage of stratified sampling in villages and towns is not big. Grid stratified sampling not only has no advantage, but also may cause loss of precision. When different sampling methods meet the same monitoring accuracy, there are significant differences in sample size, and reasonable sampling methods can significantly reduce the sample size while satisfying the monitoring accuracy. This study is helpful to select the most suitable sampling method and to provide guidance for the accuracy comparison of different sampling methods in cultivated land quality monitoring.
【作者單位】： 河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)國(guó)土資源學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)土資源部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)課題(201311060) 河北省科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(132276329)
【分類號(hào)】：S159.2

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本文編號(hào)：2314349