【摘要】：選取昆明市松華壩水源區(qū)典型小流域——迤者小流域?yàn)樵囼?yàn)區(qū),通過布設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)徑流小區(qū),在2009—2015年對(duì)坡耕地產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)沙及氮、磷流失情況進(jìn)行長期的野外觀測研究,從年際尺度上來探討等高反坡階對(duì)于坡耕地產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)沙及氮、磷等養(yǎng)分流失的影響。結(jié)果表明:等高反坡階對(duì)于徑流和泥沙的削減效果均較為明顯,年平均減流率為50.64%,年平均減沙率74.99%,減沙率顯著大于減流率;等高反坡階對(duì)于徑流和泥沙中氮、磷均有較為明顯的削減效果,平均每年可以削減68.75%的氮流失和82.16%的磷流失,其中對(duì)徑流中總氮和泥沙中全氮年削減率分別達(dá)到59.51%和76.43%,對(duì)徑流中總磷和泥沙中全磷年削減率分別達(dá)到64.22%和83.73%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a typical small watershed in Songhuaba Waterhead area of Kunming City is selected as the experimental area. By setting up a standard runoff plot, the long-term field observation of runoff and sediment yield and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in sloping farmland is carried out in 2009-2015. In this paper, the effects of the equal height reverse slope rank on runoff and sediment yield, nitrogen and phosphorus loss in sloping farmland were studied on an interannual scale. The results show that the reduction of runoff and sediment is more obvious by the equal height reverse slope step, the annual average flow reduction rate is 50.64, the annual average sediment reduction rate is 74.99, and the sediment reduction rate is significantly larger than the flow reduction rate. The average nitrogen loss and phosphorus loss in runoff and sediment can be reduced by 68.75% and 82.16% per year respectively. The annual reduction rates of total nitrogen and total nitrogen in runoff and sediment are 59.51% and 76.43% respectively. The annual reduction rates of total phosphorus in runoff and sediment are 64.22% and 83.73% respectively.
【作者單位】： 東北林業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;西南林業(yè)大學(xué)生態(tài)與水土保持學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(30660037)
【分類號(hào)】：S157

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